Microbial Biomass

Tate, K. R.

doi:10.1142/q0038

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The maintenance of the content of SOM at a high level is the key to the sustained productivity of the soil agricultural system. Turnover rates depend to a high degree upon the activity of the soil microbial biomass which is mainly driven by mobilization/immobilization/ decomposition processes (Mwafulirwa et al, 2017;Tate, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractions of nitrogen (including <sup>15</sup>N) and also carbon in the soil as affected by different crop residues

Kalembasa¹,

Siczek²,

Kalembasa³

et al. 2023

Int. Agrophys.

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Returning crop residue can increase soil organic matter content, and residue quality has an influence over the rate of their turnover. However, there is a lack of information concerning the biochemical transformations of organic compounds of N and C present in the crop residues during subsequent crop growth. In this study, the contents of organic N and C fractions in soils obtained using acid and alkaline hydrolysis under two crop rotations (faba bean vs. wheat rotation) were investigated. Black fallow served as a control. The mean total N increased in the order: black fallow, wheat rotation, faba bean rotation, total C and SOM were higher in the cropped soils than in black fallow. Hydrolysable-N (1-step acid hydrolysis) reached 83.7% total N, amino acid-N and threonine+serine-N were the highest in faba bean rotation and the lowest in black fallow, ammonia-N and aminosugar-N were lower in black fallow than in cropped soils. Hydrolysable-N (2-step sequential fractionation) reached 85.3% total N and significant differ ences were noted between the cropped soils and black fallow, with respect to both the N and C contents. 15 N was mainly accumulated in the N soluble and easily hydrolysable N compounds, and these fractions were greater in cropped soils than in black fallow. N in the humic com pounds increased from black fallow to faba bean rotation. A PCA analysis showed that crop rotation and soil sampling terms had a substantial influence over cluster formation. An ANOSIM test revealed significant diff erences between the crop rotation and term treat-ments. The results indicated that soil with faba bean rotation is richer in N compounds than soil with wheat as a forecrop and this may result in a reduction in N fertilizers for the succeeding crop.Ke y w o r d s: organic nitrogen fraction, soil organic matter, crop residues, faba bean, wheat, 15 N

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractions of nitrogen (including <sup>15</sup>N) and also carbon in the soil as affected by different crop residues

Kalembasa¹,

Siczek²,

Kalembasa³

et al. 2023

Int. Agrophys.

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“…Microbial biomass carbon is the most active and dynamic part of soil organic matter, which usually does not exceed 3-5% of the soil organic carbon content [40,41]. Microbial biomass carbon can be used as an indicator for assessing ecosystem productivity and as an early indicator of changes in soil organic matter [41]. The C-biomass/SOC ratio serves as an indicator of soil organic carbon availability [25,42].…”

Section: Microbial Biomass Carbonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiocenosis of the Permafrost Soils of Transbaikalia under Agriculture Use

Korsunova,

Chimitdorzhieva,

Chimitdorzhieva

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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An understanding of how the involvement of soils in agricultural turnover affects soil microbiocenosis has been attained. The aims of this study were to investigate the number of the main groups of microorganisms in microbial complexes, the carbon of microbial biomass and the enzymatic activity in permafrost soils under the influence of tillage. The presented data can provide an insight into the stability of the microbiome in region’s soils under agricultural influence. The significance of the study lies in obtaining new data on the microbiocenosis of permafrost soils, which will make it possible to reveal the orientation and intensity of microbiological processes during their agricultural use. The study uses the classical methods used in soil science and soil microbiology, which are characterized by accuracy and reliability. The general characteristics of the microbiocenosis of different types of the studied region’s soils have been revealed. The quantity of bacteria, including actinomycetes and fungi, in the studied soils was determined. The variability of indicators in time and space is shown. The number of bacteria was revealed to reach its maximum in the autumn period in grey forest non-podzolised soils, and the indicator decreases in the following manner: forest—10.6 billion cells/g, arable land—5.1 billion cells/g, virgin land—2.6 billion cells/g. The lowest indicator of bacterial abundance—0.5 billion cells/g was found on arable permafrost meadow chernozemic soil. A comparatively low bacterial content is characteristic of chernozem meal-carbonated: 1.9 billion cells/g on virgin land and 2.1 billion cells/g on arable land. The length of actinomycete mycelium is dynamic according to the seasons of the year. The maximum length of actinomycete mycelium was observed in grey forest non-podzolised soil (forest) in the autumn period—830 m/g. The maximum length of fungal mycelium was also observed in grey forest non-podzolised soil (forest) in autumn—1200 m/g. In arable variants, the length of fungal mycelium is high in grey forest non-podzolised soils and meadow permafrost soils. In chernozems and permafrost meadow chernozemic soils (virgin and arable) the index is much lower. Assessment of catalase activity showed that the studied soils are poor or moderately enriched in this enzyme. Relatively high invertase activity was found in all variants.

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Putting the soil health principles to the test in Iowa

McDaniel,

Middleton

2024

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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One of the most popular soil conservation campaigns is based on the USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service's Soil Health Principles (NRCS‐SHPs). The NRCS‐SHP program identifies four principles—maximize presence of living roots, minimize disturbance, maximize soil cover, and maximize biodiversity—with the underlying assumption that the more principles one follows, the greater improvements in soil health. Despite the popularity of the NRCS‐SHPs, this underlying assumption has not been rigorously tested. To do so, we used nine long‐term experiments all located in central Iowa, but with varying degree of NRCS‐SHP adoption, to determine if greater adoption increases three slow‐changing (maximum water holding capacity, bulk density [BD], and soil organic carbon) and three dynamic (microbial biomass carbon [MBC], potentially mineralizable carbon [PMC], and permanganate oxidizable carbon [POXC]) soil health indicators. We regressed these indicators with a soil health principle score that can scale soil management based on adoption of the NRCS‐SHPs. Of the slow‐changing soil properties, increased adoption of NRCS‐SHPs only decreased soil BD (R2 = 0.22, p = 0.024). On the other hand, increased adoption of NRCS‐SHPs strongly predicted increases in both MBC and PMC and across two sampling dates (R2 > 0.23, p < 0.015); POXC, however, did not increase with greater adoption. The consistent increases in MBC and PMC with greater adoption of NRCS‐SHPs supports their usefulness as sensitive indicators of positive soil health change. Our study provides scientific evidence to support the NRCS‐SHPs concept, improving its usefulness as an extension campaign, and stands as a step toward evidence‐based soil conservation.

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Microbial Biomass

Cited by 7 publications

References 64 publications

Fractions of nitrogen (including <sup>15</sup>N) and also carbon in the soil as affected by different crop residues

Fractions of nitrogen (including <sup>15</sup>N) and also carbon in the soil as affected by different crop residues

Microbiocenosis of the Permafrost Soils of Transbaikalia under Agriculture Use

Putting the soil health principles to the test in Iowa

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