Microbial biomass and some biochemical characteristics of a strongly acid tea field soil

Nioh, Ichio; Isobe, Tadashi; Osada, Madoka

doi:10.1080/00380768.1993.10419178

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The use of glucose to induce soil respiratory capacities may not directly assess the in situ activities of a given population, and results of such studies may conflict with the results of population studies. For example, as in the present study with acidic forest soils, the number of culturable bacteria in acidic tea soils was lower than that of pH neutral soils (NIOH et al 1993), and, based on measurements of fungal mycelial length versus culturable bacteria, the relative abundance of fungi was enhanced by soil acidity (NODAR et al 1992). Thus, although soil pH may have a limited impact on the eventual in situ fate of soil organic matter, pH might nonetheless play a determining role in the type of microflora that predominates in decomposition processes.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Effects of pH on the comparative culturability of fungi and bacteria from acidic and less acidic forest soils

Matthies¹,

Erhard²,

Drake³

1997

J. Basic Microbiol.

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Under aerobic conditions, the culturable microbial population of acidic forest soils was more tolerant to acidic cultivation conditions than was the culturable microbial population of less acidic soils. The number of culturable bacteria decreased sharply under acidic cultivation conditions, while the number of culturable fungi remained relatively constant over the pH range 2.2-6.5. The ratios of culturable bacteria to culturable fungi were greater than one at pH 6.5; in contrast, the bacteria-to-fungi ratios were less than one at pH 2 . 2 4 . At pHs approximating those of the soils examined, culturable fungi predominated the culturable microbial community in acidic soils. However, relative to the populations resolved, acidic forest soils displayed a more acid tolerant bacterial population than did less acidic forest soils. The culturable fungal population contained both filamentous and yeast morphologies. An acid-tolerant fungal isolate that grew at pH 1 was identified as a subspecies of Penicillium frequentans, and an acid-tolerant yeast that grew at pH 2 was identified as the yeast stage of the basidjomycetes Ustilago maydis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Effects of pH on the comparative culturability of fungi and bacteria from acidic and less acidic forest soils

Matthies¹,

Erhard²,

Drake³

1997

J. Basic Microbiol.

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“…N rates often exceeded 1000 kg ha À1 in Japan in the 1980 s (Tokuda and Hayatsu 2000). The high N fertilizer application rate not only causes accumulation of NO À 3 ÀN in tea soils from 10 to 444 mg kg À1 (Nioh et al 1993;Pansombat et al 1997), but reduces N use efficiency and diffuses pollution. It was reported that 457 and 155 kg N ha À1 were leached as NO À 3 ÀN when 900 and 500 kg N ha À1 y À1 respectively were applied in tea fields (Kiml et al 2002;Watanabe et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Net and gross nitrification in tea soils of varying productivity and their adjacent forest and vegetable soils

Wang

et al. 2012

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) is a globally important crop and is unusual because it both requires and acidifies the soil in which it grows. In spite of the low pH, high nitrate (NO À 3 ) accumulates in tea soils, resulting in a great potential for diffuse pollution. Nitrification in tea soils remains poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate net and gross nitrification in three tea soils with varying productivity, their adjacent forest and vegetable soils. The results showed that neither net nor gross nitrification rates were significantly related to soil pH. The net nitrification rate increased with increasing tea production, and when soils were incubated with ammonium sulfate. The ammonium (NH þ 4 ) added to the vegetable soil was immediately and completely nitrified, but that in the tea and forest soils was nitrified more slowly. About 60-80% of the NH þ 4 in the tea and forest soils was nitrified during 35 d of incubation, indicating nitrifiers do exist in these soils. Significantly higher gross nitrification rates were observed in vegetable and tea soils with high and medium production than in forest and tea soils with low production. Microbial consumption (immobilization and nitrate respiration) accounted for 30 to 70% of the mineralized nitrate nitrogen (NO À 3 ÀN) with the lowest in the forest soil, and no significant difference between the tea and vegetable soils. Nitrogen fertilizer stimulated soil nitrification. In conclusion, the types of land use and their management are more important than soil pH for soil nitrification. High nitrogen application rate is the main cause of NO À 3 accumulation in tea soils and should be reduced to minimize NO À 3 pollution of water resources.

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“…However, heavy nitrogen fertilizer application stimulates primary productivity of tea orchards and, at the same time, also causes tea orchard soil acidification (Konishi 1991;Chenery 1955;Tachibana et al 1995) and affects nitrification rates (Chantigny et al 1996) with subsequent environmental impacts such as nitrate leaching to groundwater and release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere Hayatsu 2001, 2004). In addition, long-term tea cultivation practices can result in Al, hydroxybenzene accumulation in soil ecosystems due to the input of tea leaf litter, root exudates and pH decrease (Nioh et al 1993;Yao et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Biomass, N Mineralization and Nitrification, Enzyme Activities, and Microbial Community Diversity in Tea Orchard Soils

2006

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Understanding the chronological changes in soil microbial and biochemical properties of tea orchard ecosystems after wasteland has been reclaimed is important from ecological, environmental, and management perspectives. In this study, we determined microbial biomass, net N mineralization, and nitrification, enzyme (invertase, urease, proteinase, and acid phosphatase) activities, microbial community diversity assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S rDNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products, and related ecological factors in three tea orchard systems (8-, 50-, and 90-year-old tea orchards), adjacent wasteland and 90-year-old forest. Soil microbial biomass C (C mic ) and activity, i.e., soil basal respiration (R mic ), microbial biomass C as a percent of soil organic C (C mic /C org ), N mineralization, invertase, urease, proteinase, and acid phosphatase, significantly increased after wasteland was reclaimed; however, with the succeeding development of tea orchard ecosystems, a decreasing trend from the 50-to 90-year-old tea orchard became apparent. Soil net nitrification showed an increasing trend from the 8-to 50-year-old tea orchard and then a decreasing trend from the 50-to 90-year-old tea orchard, and was significantly higher in the tea orchards compared to the wasteland and forest. Urea application significantly stimulated soil net nitrification, indicating nitrogen fertilizer application may be an important factor leading to high-nitrification rates in tea orchard soils. The Shannon's diversity index (H) and richness (S) based on DGGE profiles of 16S rRNA genes were obviously lower in all three tea orchards than those in the wasteland; nevertheless, they were significantly higher in all three tea orchards than those in the forest. As for the three tea orchard soils, comparatively higher community diversity was found in the 50-year-old tea orchard.

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Microbial biomass and some biochemical characteristics of a strongly acid tea field soil

Cited by 27 publications

References 28 publications

Effects of pH on the comparative culturability of fungi and bacteria from acidic and less acidic forest soils

Effects of pH on the comparative culturability of fungi and bacteria from acidic and less acidic forest soils

Net and gross nitrification in tea soils of varying productivity and their adjacent forest and vegetable soils

Microbial Biomass, N Mineralization and Nitrification, Enzyme Activities, and Microbial Community Diversity in Tea Orchard Soils

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