Microbial Biotransformation: A Process for Chemical Alterations

Sreedharan, Smitha Mony; Singh, Sarita; Singh, R. B.

doi:10.15406/jbmoa.2017.04.00085

Cited by 36 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Biotransformation can be simply defined as a process involving a biological system in transforming the chemical compounds into new structural analogs (Figure 2). It is an enantiospecific process that modifies functional and structural moieties of organic compounds into new chiral centers (Smitha et al, 2017). It is an effective path toward white biotechnology to generate novel structural analogs or to refine the pharmacokinetic properties of natural compounds.…”

Section: Biotransformation Reactions Mediated By Endophytic Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic Fungi-Mediated Biocatalysis and Biotransformations Paving the Way Toward Green Chemistry

Choudhary

Gupta

Dhar

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Catalysis is a process carried out in the presence of a heterogenous catalyst for accelerating the rate of a chemical reaction. It plays a pivotal role in transition from take, make, and dispose technology to sustainable technology via chemo- and biocatalytic processes. However, chemocatalyzed reactions are usually associated with copious amounts of perilous/hazardous environmental footprints. Therefore, whole-cell biotransformations or enzyme cocktails serve as cleaner biocatalytic alternatives in replacing the classical chemical procedures. These benchmark bioconversion reactions serve as important key technology in achieving the goals of green chemistry by eliminating waste generation at source. For this, nature has always been a driving force in fuelling natural product discovery and related applications. The fungal endophytic community, in particular, has undergone co-evolution with their host plant and has emerged as a powerful tool of genetic diversity. They can serve as a treasure trove of biocatalysts, catalyzing organic transformations of a wide range of substances into enantiopure compounds with biotechnological relevance. Additionally, the biocatalytic potential of endophytic fungi as whole-intact organisms/isolated enzyme systems has been greatly expanded beyond the existing boundaries with the advancement in high-throughput screening, molecular biology techniques, metabolic engineering, and protein engineering. Therefore, the present review illustrates the promising applications of endophytic fungi as biocatalysts for the synthesis of new structural analogs and pharmaceutical intermediates and refinement of existing proteins for novel chemistries.

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Section: Biotransformation Reactions Mediated By Endophytic Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic Fungi-Mediated Biocatalysis and Biotransformations Paving the Way Toward Green Chemistry

Choudhary

Gupta

Dhar

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…8,34,37 The mechanisms of interaction between indoor microbes and chemicals are multifaceted. 41 Thus, cleaning may aid in sustaining indoor microbial communities which are genetically dispositioned to react to intermittent growth conditions and resources to survive. 38 However, a high relative humidity is required to achieve this in dust.…”

Section: Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, many chemical compounds found in cleaning products can be metabolized by microorganisms. 41 Thus, cleaning may aid in sustaining indoor microbial communities which are genetically dispositioned to react to intermittent growth conditions and resources to survive. 42 And, while cleaning surfaces often removes microbial biomass, the microbial community can reestablish within a matter of days.…”

Section: Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From one species to another: A review on the interaction between chemistry and microbiology in relation to cleaning in the built environment

et al. 2019

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Since the advent of soap, personal hygiene practices have revolved around removal, sterilization, and disinfection—both of visible soil and microscopic organisms—for a myriad of cultural, aesthetic, or health‐related reasons. Cleaning methods and products vary widely in their recommended use, effectiveness, risk to users or building occupants, environmental sustainability, and ecological impact. Advancements in science and technology have facilitated in‐depth analyses of the indoor microbiome, and studies in this field suggest that the traditional “scorched‐earth cleaning” mentality—that surfaces must be completely sterilized and prevent microbial establishment—may contribute to long‐term human health consequences. Moreover, the materials, products, activities, and microbial communities indoors all contribute to, or remove, chemical species to the indoor environment. This review examines the effects of cleaning with respect to the interaction of chemistry, indoor microbiology, and human health.

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“…Biotransformation is a process by which organic compounds are transformed from one form to another to reduce the persistence and toxicity of the chemical compounds. This process is aided by major range of microorganisms and their products such as bacteria, fungi and enzymes (Singh 2017). The biotransformation process provides many advantages over chemical synthesis, as it can be carried out under mild conditions like ambient temperature and without the need of high pressure and extreme conditions reducing undesired byproduct, energy, and cost.…”

Section: Strategies Of Mycotoxins Prevention and Decontaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the use of endophytic fungi in the stereoselective kinetic biotransformation of "thioridazine (THD)", phenothiazine neuroleptic drugs as these microorganisms are able to biomimic mammalian metabolism via biotransformation reactions. Another endophytic fungus was employed on the biotransformation of "propranolol (Prop)" to obtain 4-OH-Prop active metabolite in enantiomerically pure form (Singh 2017). While plant sources are being extensively explored for new chemical entities for therapeutic purposes, endophytic microbes also constitute an important source for drug discovery.…”

Section: Endophytic Fungi As a Source Of Dietary Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal mycotoxins and natural antioxidants: Two sides of the same coin and significance in food safety

Darwish

2019

MBJ

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Fungi have a long and intimate connection with humankind, particularly at the chemical level as a source of both harmful and beneficial compounds. Their worldwide occurrence in various food and feeds poses a major health threatening risk for human and animal and, as a consequence, mycotoxins represent an economic burden. Fortunately, not all fungal secondary metabolites are toxic to humankind such as; antibiotics, phytotoxines, enzymes and antioxidants, which represent the other side of the coin. Endophytes are now considered as an important component of biodiversity, and act as reservoirs of novel bioactive secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, flavanoids, phenols, phenolic acids, quinones, steroids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, isocoumarin derivatives, peptides and enzymes, beside their ability to produce the same or similar kind of compounds of their host plants. Today's world challenge is ensuring the safety of food, which has been a major focus of international and national action over the last years. Legislative limits for a range of mycotoxins continue to develop worldwide, due to being carcinogenic to animals and humans, resulting in an increased number of official controls monitoring in the food supply chain deriving from national food safety plans and for food trade purposes. This review brings about the harmful (mycotoxins) and beneficial (antioxidants, antibiotics, enzymes) fungal metabolites in industrial and pharmaceutical applications. It also provides a perspective about mechanism of how can endophytic fungi metabolites play a reverse role as one of the main strategies of mycotoxin deactivation and prevention representing the other side of the coin.

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Microbial Biotransformation: A Process for Chemical Alterations

Cited by 36 publications

References 33 publications

Endophytic Fungi-Mediated Biocatalysis and Biotransformations Paving the Way Toward Green Chemistry

Endophytic Fungi-Mediated Biocatalysis and Biotransformations Paving the Way Toward Green Chemistry

From one species to another: A review on the interaction between chemistry and microbiology in relation to cleaning in the built environment

Fungal mycotoxins and natural antioxidants: Two sides of the same coin and significance in food safety

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