Microbial Carbon Substrate Utilization Differences among High- and Average-Yield Soybean Areas

Abstract

Abstract:Since soybean (Glycine max L. (Merr.)) yields greater than 6719 kg ha −1 have only recently and infrequently been achieved, little is known about the soil microbiological environment related to high-yield soybean production. Soil microbiological properties are often overlooked when assessing agronomic practices for optimal production. Therefore, a greater understanding is needed regarding how soil biological properties may differ between high-and average-yielding areas within fields. The objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate the effects of region on soil microbial carbon substrate utilization differences between high-(HY) and average-yield (AY) areas and (ii) assess the effect of yield area on selected microbiological property differences. Replicate soil samples were collected from the 0-10 cm depth from yield-contest-entered fields in close proximity that had both a HY and an AY area. Samples were collected immediately prior to or just after soybean harvest in 2014 and 2015 from each of seven geographic regions within Arkansas. Averaged across yield area, community-level carbon substrate utilization and Shannon's and Simpson's functional diversity and evenness were greater (p < 0.05) in Region 7 than all other regions. Averaged across regions, Shannon's functional diversity and evenness were greater (p < 0.05) in HY than in AY areas. Principal component analysis demonstrated that a greater variety of carbon substrates were used in HY than AY areas. These results may help producers understand the soil microbiological environment in their own fields that contribute to or hinder achieving high-yielding soybeans; however, additional parameters may need to be assessed for a more comprehensive understanding of the soil environment that is associated with high-yielding soybean.

Community-Level Physiological Profiles of Microorganisms from Different Types of Soil That Are Characteristic to Poland—A Long-Term Microplot Experiment

“…When the pH is above 4.5, artificially induced changes in the ratio of bacteria to fungi (by using selective inhibitors) had no significant effect on the mineralization of carbon [47], suggesting that these two groups of microorganisms, in the case of this process, have, at least, partially similar and complementary characteristics. Correlations between the dehydrogenases activity in soil and catabolic potential of microorganisms have been demonstrated, which was consistent with the literature [25,48] The highest level of metabolism can be seen for the Gleyic Chernozem and the Cambic Leptosol, whereas, three samples (the Haplic Luvisol, and the Brunic Arenosol I and II) demonstrated the lowest general catabolism (Figure 3). One should, however, be cautious in interpreting the results from the average of all substrates because when we look at a group of the substrates separately, the image of individual metabolism, for each soil, begins to look slightly different.…”

Microbial activity and community level physiological profiles (CLPP) of soil under the cultivation of spring rape with the Roundup 360 SL herbicide

“…We found correlations between different soil quality parameters and microorganism catabolic potential, which is consistent with literature data [1].…”

Functional interplay between antagonistic bacteria and Rhizoctonia solani in the tomato plant rhizosphere

“…Carbohydrates that had a significant interaction with the biocontrol of R. solani were β-methyl-D-glucoside, D-mannitol, and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. These carbohydrates played an essential role in microbial growth in the plant rhizosphere ( Adams et al, 2017 ; Weng et al, 2022 ). N-acetyl-D-glucosamine is a significant component of R. solani call wall ( Benyagoub et al, 1996 ).…”