Microbial catabolism of Porphyra haitanensis polysaccharides by human gut microbiota

Xu, Shuying; Aweya, Jude Juventus; Li, Na; Deng, Rui-Yan; Chen, Weiyi; Tang, Jie; Cheong, Kit-Leong

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.03.050

Cited by 123 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…(Kong et al , ; Chen et al , ). There are similar results in the simulated digestion of other polysaccharides in vitro (Gao et al , ; Hu et al , ; Xu et al , ). Little is known about the specific mechanism of degrading complex seaweed polysaccharides (EI et al , ).…”

Section: The Digestive Behaviour Of Bspsupporting

confidence: 65%

Beneficial effects of three brown seaweed polysaccharides on gut microbiota and their structural characteristics: An overview

You

Gong

et al. 2019

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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Summary The gut microbiota appears critical in the metabolic health and anti‐disease activity. In this review, we discuss three brown seaweed polysaccharides (alginate, laminarin, fucoidan) for their structural information, the digestive behaviour and the effects on gut microbiota. Bioactivities are associated with various physicochemical properties, like solubility, viscosity, hydration properties, molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, and so on. Brown seaweed polysaccharides can be completely utilised by microbes in the large bowel, and they can regulate the gut microbiota. The ultimate metabolite of these polysaccharides is mainly short‐chain fatty acids, which are able to regulate the ecology of the gut microbiota by increasing the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibiting the growth of some harmful bacteria. In addition, this article also discusses the relationship between the structure and activity of modulating the gut microbiota. Results show that polysaccharides with low molecular weight are more conductive to modulate gut microbiota.

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Section: The Digestive Behaviour Of Bspsupporting

confidence: 65%

Beneficial effects of three brown seaweed polysaccharides on gut microbiota and their structural characteristics: An overview

You

Gong

et al. 2019

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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“…Porphyran is a sulphated polysaccharide that occurs in red seaweed, within the genus Porphyra, and comprises approximately 11–21% of the seaweed dry mass [ 125 ]. It is composed of repeating units of galactose and 3,6-anhydrogalactose, with alternating units of galactose-6-sulphate and 6- O -methyl-galactose [ 126 ]. Average molecular weight ranges from 14 to 201 kDa [ 127 , 128 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seaweed Components as Potential Modulators of the Gut Microbiota

2021

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Macroalgae, or seaweeds, are a rich source of components which may exert beneficial effects on the mammalian gut microbiota through the enhancement of bacterial diversity and abundance. An imbalance of gut bacteria has been linked to the development of disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease, immunodeficiency, hypertension, type-2-diabetes, obesity, and cancer. This review outlines current knowledge from in vitro and in vivo studies concerning the potential therapeutic application of seaweed-derived polysaccharides, polyphenols and peptides to modulate the gut microbiota through diet. Polysaccharides such as fucoidan, laminarin, alginate, ulvan and porphyran are unique to seaweeds. Several studies have shown their potential to act as prebiotics and to positively modulate the gut microbiota. Prebiotics enhance bacterial populations and often their production of short chain fatty acids, which are the energy source for gastrointestinal epithelial cells, provide protection against pathogens, influence immunomodulation, and induce apoptosis of colon cancer cells. The oral bioaccessibility and bioavailability of seaweed components is also discussed, including the advantages and limitations of static and dynamic in vitro gastrointestinal models versus ex vivo and in vivo methods. Seaweed bioactives show potential for use in prevention and, in some instances, treatment of human disease. However, it is also necessary to confirm these potential, therapeutic effects in large-scale clinical trials. Where possible, we have cited information concerning these trials.

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“…Metabolites of gut microbiota play an important role in regulating host health by linking polysaccharides to the host. SCFAs are important metabolites of gut microbiota, mainly including AA, PA, and BA (Xu et al., 2019). To further understand the relationship between the growth of B. thetaiotaomicron A4 and its metabolism of the four galactans, we quantitatively analyzed SCFAs from the supernatants of the culture medium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of four galactans by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron A4 based on transcriptome

Song

Zhang

et al. 2021

Food Frontiers

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The interaction between gut microbiota and polysaccharide is being paid more and more attention. Galactan is a kind of polysaccharide mainly composed of galactose, and it has been shown to play a significant role in regulating gut microbiota. Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron is considered as the best degrader of polysaccharides. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the utilization of four different galactans, including agarose, carrageenan, arabinogalactan, and glucofucogalactan, by our own isolated B. thetaiotaomicron A4. Samples of cultures grown on either four galactans groups or control groups were collected. The change of OD600, pH, and short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) during fermentation were determined, and growth curve and transcriptome of B. thetaiotaomicron A4 were studied. B. thetaiotaomicron A4 could utilize the four galactans and grew well on them, with carrageenan being most utilized, followed by arabinogalactan, glucofucogalactan, and agarose. SCFAs (mainly acetic acid and propionic acid) produced along with the decreased pH during fermentation. A large number of genes of B. thetaiotaomicron A4 were upregulated and functioned in different pathways during the degradation of the four galactans. The carbohydrate metabolism‐related pathways of B. thetaiotaomicron A4 were enriched after feeding the four galactans, although the specific pathways were different among four galactans groups. The different structural characteristics of four galactans required that B. thetaiotaomicron A4 could excrete corresponding enzymes to degrade them. These results help to understand the interaction between galactans and gut microbe.

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Microbial catabolism of Porphyra haitanensis polysaccharides by human gut microbiota

Cited by 123 publications

References 32 publications

Beneficial effects of three brown seaweed polysaccharides on gut microbiota and their structural characteristics: An overview

Beneficial effects of three brown seaweed polysaccharides on gut microbiota and their structural characteristics: An overview

Seaweed Components as Potential Modulators of the Gut Microbiota

Utilization of four galactans by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron A4 based on transcriptome

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