Microbial cell-envelope fragments and the formation of soil organic matter: a case study from a glacier forefield

Schurig, Christian; Smittenberg, Rienk H.; Berger, Juergen; Kraft, Fabio; Woche, Susanne K.; Goebel, Marc‐Oliver; Heipieper, Hermann J.; Miltner, Anja; Kaestner, Matthias

doi:10.1007/s10533-012-9791-3

Cited by 87 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Very little is actually known about the preferential nature of organo-mineral interactions in soils. To date, there is some evidence within the literature that specific organic compounds such as N-rich microbial metabolites, microbial cell-wall fragments, and possibly pyrogenic C may be selectively sorbed by soil minerals (Brodowski et al 2007;Jin and Zimmerman 2010;Miltner et al 2012;Scheel et al 2008;Schurig et al 2013;Spielvogel et al 2008). Furthermore, it has been suggested that some reactive mineral surfaces, such as those of Al and Fe phases, may be disproportionally involved in the sorption of specific classes of organics, such as proteins, lignin, and phenolic compounds (Heckman et al 2013;Kögel-Knabner et al 2008;Xiao et al 2015).…”

Section: Preferential Sorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium-mediated stabilisation of soil organic carbon

2017

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Soils play an essential role in the global cycling of carbon and understanding the stabilisation mechanisms behind the preservation of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools is of globally recognised significance. Until recently, research into SOC stabilisation has predominantly focused on acidic soil environments and the interactions between SOC and aluminium (Al) or iron (Fe). The interactions between SOC and calcium (Ca) have typically received less attention, with fewer studies conducted in alkaline soils. Although it has widely been established that exchangeable Ca (Ca Exch ) positively correlates with SOC concentration and its resistance to oxidation, the exact mechanisms behind this relationship remain largely unidentified. This synthesis paper critically assesses available evidence on the potential role of Ca in the stabilisation of SOC and identifies research topics that warrant further investigation. Contrary to the common view of the chemistry of base cations in soils, chemical modelling indicates that Ca 2? can readily exchange its hydration shell and create inner sphere complexes with organic functional groups. This review therefore argues that both inner-and outer-sphere bridging by Ca 2? can play an active role in the stabilisation of SOC. Calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) can influence occluded SOC stability through its role in the stabilisation of aggregates; however, it could also play an unaccounted role in the direct sorption and inclusion of SOC. Finally, this review highlights the importance of pH as a potential predictor of SOC stabilisation mechanisms mediated by Al-or Fe-to Ca, and their respective effects on SOC dynamics.

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Section: Preferential Sorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium-mediated stabilisation of soil organic carbon

2017

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“…Therefore, thorough drying is necessary. For this purpose, the water inside the samples was exchanged against acetone with a graded acetone series followed by criticalpoint drying of the samples, as described previously (Schurig et al 2013).…”

Section: Sample Preparation For Nanosims and Sem Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for visualising active microbial benzene degraders in in situ microcosms

Schurig

Mueller

Höschen

et al. 2014

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Natural attenuation maybe a cost-efficient option for bioremediation of contaminated sites but requires knowledge about the activity of degrading microbes under in situ conditions. In order to link microbial activity to the spatial distribution of contaminant degraders, we combined the recently improved in situ microcosm approach, so-called 'direct-push bacterial trap' (DP-BACTRAP), with nano-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) analysis on samples from contaminated constructed wetlands. This approach is based on initially sterile microcosms amended with (13)C-labelled benzene as a source of carbon and energy for microorganisms. The microcosms were introduced directly in the constructed wetland, where they were colonised by indigenous microorganisms from the sediment. After incubation in the field, the samples were analysed by NanoSIMS, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fluorescence microscopy in order to visualise (13)C-labelled microbial biomass on undisturbed samples from the microcosms. With the approach developed, we successfully visualised benzene-degrading microbes on solid materials with high surface area by means of NanoSIMS. Moreover, we could demonstrate the feasibility of NanoSIMS analysis of unembedded porous media with a highly complex topography, which was frequently reasoned to not lead to sufficient results.

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“…Microbes impact pedogenesis via biogenic weathering of primary minerals [1][2][3][4][5] and subsequent enhanced precipitation of secondary minerals [6][7][8]. They may also directly mediate SOM accumulation by processing plantderived molecules and creating microbial-derived molecules that are preferentially sorbed to mineral surfaces [9,10]. New models for SOM formation suggest that organo-mineral interactions are one of the mechanisms for SOM stabilization [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parent Material and Vegetation Influence Soil Microbial Community Structure Following 30-Years of Rock Weathering and Pedogenesis

et al. 2014

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The process of pedogenesis and the development of biological communities during primary succession begin on recently exposed mineral surfaces. Following 30 years of surface exposure of reclaimed surface mining sites (Appalachian Mountains, USA), it was hypothesized that microbial communities would differ between sandstone and siltstone parent materials and to a lesser extent between vegetation types. Microbial community composition was examined by targeting bacterial and archaeal (16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA)) and fungal (internal transcribed spacer (ITS)) genes and analyzed using Illumina sequencing. Microbial community composition significantly differed between parent materials and between plots established with tall fescue grass or pitch x loblolly pine vegetation types, suggesting that both factors are important in shaping community assembly during early pedogenesis. At the phylum level, Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria differed in relative abundance between sandstone and siltstone. The amount of the heavy fraction carbon (C) was significantly different between sandstone (2.0 mg g(-1)) and siltstone (5.2 mg g(-1)) and correlated with microbial community composition. Soil nitrogen (N) cycling was examined by determining gene copy numbers of ureC, archaeal amoA, and bacterial amoA. Gene quantities tended to be higher in siltstone compared to sandstone but did not differ by vegetation type. This was consistent with differences in extractable ammonium (NH4 (+)) concentrations between sandstone and siltstone (16.4 vs 8.5 μg NH4 (+)-N g(-1) soil), suggesting that nitrification rates may be higher in siltstone. Parent material and early vegetation are important determinants of early microbial community assembly and could be drivers for the trajectory of ecosystem development over longer time scales.

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Microbial cell-envelope fragments and the formation of soil organic matter: a case study from a glacier forefield

Cited by 87 publications

References 58 publications

Calcium-mediated stabilisation of soil organic carbon

Calcium-mediated stabilisation of soil organic carbon

Methods for visualising active microbial benzene degraders in in situ microcosms

Parent Material and Vegetation Influence Soil Microbial Community Structure Following 30-Years of Rock Weathering and Pedogenesis

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