Microbial communities of ancient seeds derived from permanently frozen Pleistocene deposits

Stakhov, Viacheslav L; Губин, С. В.; Maksimovich, S. V.; Rebrikov, Denis V.; Savilova, A. M.; Кочкина, Г. А.; Ozerskaya, S. M.; Ivanushkina, N. E.; Vorobyova, E. A.

doi:10.1134/s0026261708030156

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Stakhov et al [9] demonstrated that ancient seeds of higher plants constituted a specific habitat for microorganisms in frozen ground, which favored their survival for millennia. Cold-acclimated plants also store cryoprotectants in their cytosol, and Pythium spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surviving freezing in plant tissues by oomycetous snow molds

et al. 2015

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surviving freezing in plant tissues by oomycetous snow molds

et al. 2015

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“…Yedoma preserves an exceptional terrestrial sedimentary record of Late Pleistocene environmental history. Cold permafrost conditions during yedoma accumulation limited oxidation of organic material, preserving remains of the former steppe‐tundra ecosystem (Yurtsev, ; Sher, ; Guthrie, ), including plant roots, mammal bones and carcasses, pollen, insect remains, plant macrofossils, fossil rodent burrows, soil DNA and microbial communities immobilised on the surface of ancient seeds (Stakhov et al ., ; Boeskorov et al ., ; Zazula et al ., ; Willerslev et al ., ). Regeneration of whole fertile plants from 30 000‐year‐old fruit tissue preserved in Siberian yedoma demonstrates the important role for such permafrost as a depository for an ancient gene pool (Yashina et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palaeoenvironmental Interpretation of Yedoma Silt (Ice Complex) Deposition as Cold‐Climate Loess, Duvanny Yar, Northeast Siberia

Murton

Goslar

Edwards

et al. 2015

Permafrost & Periglacial

124

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Uncertainty about the geological processes that deposited syngenetically frozen ice‐rich silt (yedoma) across hundreds of thousands of square kilometres in central and northern Siberia fundamentally limits our understanding of the Pleistocene geology and palaeoecology of western Beringia, the sedimentary processes that led to sequestration of hundreds of Pg of carbon within permafrost and whether yedoma provides a globally significant record of ice‐age atmospheric conditions or just regional floodplain activity. Here, we test the hypotheses of aeolian versus waterlain deposition of yedoma silt, elucidate the palaeoenvironmental conditions during deposition and develop a conceptual model of silt deposition to clarify understanding of yedoma formation in northern circumpolar regions during the Late Pleistocene. This is based on a field study in 2009 of the Russian stratotype of the ‘Yedoma Suite’, at Duvanny Yar, in the lower Kolyma River, northern Yakutia, supplemented by observations that we have collected there and at other sites in the Kolyma Lowland since the 1970s. We reconstruct a cold‐climate loess region in northern Siberia that forms part of a vast Late Pleistocene permafrost zone extending from northwest Europe across northern Asia to northwest North America, and that was characterised by intense aeolian activity. Five litho‐ and cryostratigraphic units are identified in yedoma remnant 7E at Duvanny Yar, in ascending stratigraphic order: (1) massive silt, (2) peat, (3) stratified silt, (4) yedoma silt and (5) near‐surface silt. The yedoma silt of unit 4 dominates the stratigraphy and is at least 34 m thick. It is characterised by horizontal to gently undulating subtle colour bands but typically lacks primary sedimentary stratification. Texturally, the yedoma silt has mean values of 65 ± 7 per cent silt, 15 ± 8 per cent sand and 21 ± 4 per cent clay. Particle size distributions are bi‐ to polymodal, with a primary mode of about 41 μm (coarse silt) and subsidiary modes are 0.3–0.7 μm (very fine clay to fine clay), 3–5 μm (coarse clay to very fine silt), 8–16 μm (fine silt) and 150–350 μm (fine sand to medium sand). Semidecomposed fine plant material is abundant and fine in‐situ roots are pervasive. Syngenetic ice wedges, cryostructures and microcryostructures record syngenetic freezing of the silt. An age model for silt deposition is constructed from 47 pre‐Holocene accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C ages, mostly from in‐situ roots and from three optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages of quartz sand grains. The 14C ages indicate that silt deposition extends from 19 000 ± 300 cal BP to 50 000 cal BP or beyond. The OSL ages range from 21.2 ± 1.9 ka near the top of the yedoma to 48.6 ± 2.9 ka near the bottom, broadly consistent with the 14C age model. Most of the yedoma silt in unit 4 at Duvanny Yar constitutes cryopedolith (sediment that has experienced incipient pedogenesis along with syngenetic freezing). Mineralised and humified organic remains dispersed within cryopedolith indicate in...

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“…It was established that the ancient seeds of narrow-leafed campion (Silene stenophylla) were dominated by fungi of the genus Phoma; the frequency of occurrence of isolated Phoma crystallifera reached 70% in the studied seed samples. At the same time, the number and species composition of fungi from the frozen mass in which the seeds were embedded were very different from those of the fungal community of the seeds themselves, which indirectly confirms the protective effect of this natural substrate [11].…”

Section: Adaptive Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Collection of VKM Paleofungi

2021

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A unique collection of paleofungi from permafrost sediments, cryopegs, paleoseeds, and frozen volcanic ash from the Arctic and Antarctic, collected at different depths, was created in All-Russian Collection of Microorganisms (VKM). Some samples are as old as 3 million years. The collection includes psychrotolerant fungi, which have wide adaptive potential and are able to thrive in low-temperature habitats, and fungi that remain viable due to the presence of natural cryoprotectors that ensure the survival of fungal cells during low-temperature preservation in permafrost sediments. The collection contains 780 strains from 79 genera and more than 160 species and is maintained in accordance with international standards of microbial viability preservation and information support.

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Microbial communities of ancient seeds derived from permanently frozen Pleistocene deposits

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Surviving freezing in plant tissues by oomycetous snow molds

Surviving freezing in plant tissues by oomycetous snow molds

Palaeoenvironmental Interpretation of Yedoma Silt (Ice Complex) Deposition as Cold‐Climate Loess, Duvanny Yar, Northeast Siberia

Collection of VKM Paleofungi

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