Microbial Community Composition Affects Soil Fungistasis

Boer, Wietse de; Verheggen, Patrick; Gunnewiek, Paulien J. A. Klein; Kowalchuk, George A.; Veen, Johannes A. van

doi:10.1128/aem.69.2.835-844.2003

Cited by 145 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Most previous studies indicated that associations between bacteria and fungi were antagonistic rather than synergistic (Flegler et al 1974, Padgett 1993, Moller et al 1999, Mille-Lindblom & Tranvik 2003, Mille-Lindblom et al 2006a. Despite inhibition by bacteria, fungi have been found to dominate litter decomposition processes in both aquatic and terrestrial systems (de Boer et al 2003). Unfortunately, because of the large variations in fungal biomass, the results from the present study are inconclusive.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

effect of tetracycline on the colonization and growth of microbes on Scirpus lacustris litter in oligotrophic and eutrophic waters

Verma¹,

Robarts²,

Headley³

2007

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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Studies of microbes on Scirpus lacustris submerged in river (oligotrophic) and wetland (eutrophic) waters were conducted to determine how nutrient status affected colonization and growth on the same substrate. The antibiotic tetracycline was used to repress bacteria to determine if they inhibited fungal growth. The use of tetracycline was also relevant in a broader context as antibiotics are now being detected in aquatic systems. Dead S. lacustris stems were submerged for 33 d in natural and tetracycline amended (500 and 4000 µg l -1 ) river and wetland waters. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to scan the biofilm while image analysis was used to determine microbial (algal, bacterial, fungal) cell volume and fungal biomass by measuring the length of fungal hyphae. In all treatments, microbial cell volume peaked on Day 10 and was greater (ANOVA, all p < 0.05) than on all other sampling days. Microbial biovolume was higher (p = 0.04) in the wetland vs. river water, possibly because nutrients were not limiting in the wetland. Biofilm thickness was not different between the 2 waters, between treatments or over time (p = 0.7, 0.8 and 0.07, respectively). Fungal biomass was greater (p = 0.01) in the river water compared to the wetland, indicating that the same plant in different aquatic systems will vary in the ratio of bacterial/fungal constituents that colonize it after death. Though there seemed to be a trend of increased fungal biomass in the tetracycline treatments, suggesting bacterial inhibition of fungi, the differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). On Day 10, the controls of both water treatments had significantly greater microbial biovolume than both the 500 and 4000 µg l -1 antibiotic treatments (both p = 0.02), indicating that tetracycline had a negative effect on microbes colonizing Scirpus.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

effect of tetracycline on the colonization and growth of microbes on Scirpus lacustris litter in oligotrophic and eutrophic waters

Verma¹,

Robarts²,

Headley³

2007

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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“…Hence, for the abandoned arable soil a better fungal growth in woodblocks as compared to sawdust may be caused by a lower competitive pressure of bacteria. A negative effect of bacteria on fungal growth has been suggested to be due to bacterial release of lytic enzymes degrading fungal cell walls, to the production of antifungal compounds (antibiotics) or to the competition for available organic compounds between bacteria and fungi (De Boer et al 2003;Romani et al 2006). Since there is a lower decomposition rate in sawdust as compared to woodblocks, we assume that there are negative effects (antagonism) of bacteria on fungi and vice versa resulting in a net lower decomposition.…”

Section: Soil Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial decay of woody fragments in soil is influenced by size, vertical position, nitrogen availability and soil origin

et al. 2007

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Fast-growing bacteria and fungi are expected to cause the initial stage of decomposition of woody fragments in and on soils, i.e. the respiration of sugars, organic acids, pectin and easily accessible cellulose and hemi-cellulose. However, little is known about the factors regulating initial wood decomposition. We examined the effect of wood fragment size, vertical position, nitrogen addition and soil origin on initial wood decay and on the relative importance of fungi and bacteria therein. Two fractions of birch wood were used in microcosm experiments, namely wood blocks (dimensions: 3×0.5×0.5 cm) and sawdust (dimensions: 0.5-2 mm). The woody fragments were enclosed in nylon bags and placed on top of-or buried in an abandoned arable soil and in a heathland soil. After 15, 25 and 40 weeks of incubation, fungal biomass was quantified (as ergosterol and chitin content) and bacterial numbers were determined. The results indicated that initial wood decay was mostly caused by fungi; bacteria were only contributing in sawdust in/on abandoned arable soil. Larger fragment size, burial of fragments and nitrogen addition positively influenced fungal biomass and activity. Fungal biomass and decay activities were much lower in woody fragments incubated in/on heathland soil than in those incubated in/on abandoned arable soil, indicating that soil origin is also an important factor determining initial wood decay.

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“…V102. P. fluorescens Pf0-1 was isolated from an agricultural loam soil in Sherborn (MA, USA), whereas the other strains were isolated from a coastal dune site in The Netherlands (Compeau et al, 1988;de Boer et al, 2003de Boer et al, , 2007. This coastal dune soil does also contain pseudomonads that are closely related to P. fluorescens Pf0-1 (de Boer et al, 2007).…”

Section: Bacterial Cultures and Growing Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional and antagonistic responses of Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 to phylogenetically different bacterial competitors

et al. 2011

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The ability of soil bacteria to successfully compete with a range of other microbial species is crucial for their growth and survival in the nutrient-limited soil environment. In the present work, we studied the behavior and transcriptional responses of soil-inhabiting Pseudomonas fluorescens strain Pf0-1 on nutrient-poor agar to confrontation with strains of three phylogenetically different bacterial genera, that is, Bacillus, Brevundimonas and Pedobacter. Competition for nutrients was apparent as all three bacterial genera had a negative effect on the density of P. fluorescens Pf0-1; this effect was most strong during the interaction with Bacillus. Microarray-based analyses indicated strong differences in the transcriptional responses of Pf0-1 to the different competitors. There was higher similarity in the gene expression response of P. fluorescens Pf0-1 to the Gram-negative bacteria as compared with the Gram-positive strain. The Gram-negative strains did also trigger the production of an unknown broad-spectrum antibiotic in Pf0-1. More detailed analysis indicated that expression of specific Pf0-1 genes involved in signal transduction and secondary metabolite production was strongly affected by the competitors' identity, suggesting that Pf0-1 can distinguish among different competitors and fine-tune its competitive strategies. The results presented here demonstrate that P. fluorescens Pf0-1 shows a species-specific transcriptional and metabolic response to bacterial competitors and provide new leads in the identification of specific cues in bacteria-bacteria interactions and of novel competitive strategies, antimicrobial traits and genes.

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Microbial Community Composition Affects Soil Fungistasis

Cited by 145 publications

References 43 publications

effect of tetracycline on the colonization and growth of microbes on Scirpus lacustris litter in oligotrophic and eutrophic waters

effect of tetracycline on the colonization and growth of microbes on Scirpus lacustris litter in oligotrophic and eutrophic waters

Initial decay of woody fragments in soil is influenced by size, vertical position, nitrogen availability and soil origin

Transcriptional and antagonistic responses of Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 to phylogenetically different bacterial competitors

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