Microbial Components and Effector Molecules in T Helper Cell Differentiation and Function

Lee, Changhon; Lee, Haena; Park, John Chulhoon; Im, Sin Hyeog

doi:10.4110/in.2023.23.e7

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 150 publications

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“…19 Many commensal bacteria-reactive T cells are distributed in a healthy gut. 65,66 They comprise many different subpopulations with functions ranging from regulatory to pro-inflammatory, maintaining intestinal tolerance to commensal microbes under homeostatic conditions. Microorganisms and their derived molecules play important roles in the differentiation of commensal-reactive T cells.…”

Section: Resident Regulatory and Unconventional T Cells In The Intestinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…and microbiota-associated metabolites (including shortchain fatty acids, niacin, folate, tryptophan, etc.). 66 In addition, DCs promote the differentiation of immature T cells into Treg cells through the production of RA, TGF-β (in the SI), and short-chain fatty acids (in the colon). 16,56 Therefore, DCs have important homeostatic functions, especially CD103 + DCs.…”

Section: Resident Regulatory and Unconventional T Cells In The Intestinementioning

confidence: 99%

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Research progress on intestinal tissue‐resident memory T cells in inflammatory bowel disease

Chen,

Gu,

Yang

et al. 2023

Scand J Immunol

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Tissue‐resident memory T (TRM) cells are a recently discovered subpopulation of memory T cells that reside in non‐lymphoid tissues such as the intestine and skin and do not enter the bloodstream. The intestine encounters numerous pathogens daily. Intestinal mucosal immunity requires a balance between immune responses to pathogens and tolerance to food antigens and symbiotic microbiota. Therefore, intestinal TRM cells exhibit unique characteristics. In healthy intestines, TRM cells induce necessary inflammation to strengthen the intestinal barrier and inhibit bacterial translocation. During intestinal infections, TRM cells rapidly eliminate pathogens by proliferating, releasing cytokines, and recruiting other immune cells. Moreover, certain TRM cell subsets may have regulatory functions. The involvement of TRM cells in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasingly recognized as a critical factor. In IBD, the number of pro‐inflammatory TRM cells increases, whereas the number of regulatory subgroups decreases. Additionally, the classic markers, CD69 and CD103, are not ideal for intestinal TRM cells. Here, we review the phenotype, development, maintenance, and function of intestinal TRM cells, as well as the latest findings in the context of IBD. Further understanding of the function of intestinal TRM cells and distinguishing their subgroups is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies to target these cells.

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Section: Resident Regulatory and Unconventional T Cells In The Intestinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resident Regulatory and Unconventional T Cells In The Intestinementioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress on intestinal tissue‐resident memory T cells in inflammatory bowel disease

Chen,

Gu,

Yang

et al. 2023

Scand J Immunol

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“…To harness the anticancer potential of helminths effectively, it is imperative that researchers fully comprehend the details of immunomodulation. Helminths exert their anticancer effects by modulating the immune system and directly targeting cancer cells (Reens et al, 2021;Asghari et al, 2022;Lee et al, 2023). Helminth's capabilities could be harnessed to enhance or complement anticancer therapies.…”

Section: Anticancer Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Helminths to Fight Cancer: An Innovative Approach

Ameli,

Masoumi,

Kerachi

et al. 2023

WVJ

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As an alternative treatment in cancer therapy, there has been a growing interest in using helminths, such as Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis), Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus), Toxocara canis (T. canis), and Taenia solium (T. solium). This study aimed to investigate the antigens and mechanisms that contribute to the anticancer properties of helminths, providing insights into how helminths may be used as a new and innovative treatment modality for cancer. The current review analyzed preclinical and clinical studies published between 2000 and 2023. The present study sought to obtain information on helminths, such as E. granulosus, T. spiralis, T. canis, and T. solium, to treat cancers of the breast, pancreas, melanoma, and leukemia by exploring databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Studies focusing on helminth therapy against particular cancer types for in vitro and animal models were included. Several studies have shown the possibility of inhibiting breast, colon, melanoma, and leukemia tumor growth, inducing apoptosis, and modulating the tumor microenvironment with E. granulosus, T. spiralis, T. canis, and T. solium based on in vitro and animal models studies. Some studies have indicated that helminth therapy can improve survival rates, reduce tumor growth, and stimulate the immune system in cancer patients. A potential improvement in treatment outcomes can be used for combination therapies, such as antigen selection, immune profiling, and individualized approaches based on helminth therapy. Helminth therapy is an additional option for cancer treatment, emphasizing T. spiralis, E. granulosus, T. canis, and T. solium. These helminth antigens could modulate immune responses and directly cause cytotoxicity in cancer cells.

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Advancements in Imaging Techniques for Early Diagnosis and Management of Axial Spondyloarthritis

Jeon,

Min

2024

Curr Rheumatol Rep

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Microbial Components and Effector Molecules in T Helper Cell Differentiation and Function

Cited by 6 publications

References 150 publications

Research progress on intestinal tissue‐resident memory T cells in inflammatory bowel disease

Research progress on intestinal tissue‐resident memory T cells in inflammatory bowel disease

Using Helminths to Fight Cancer: An Innovative Approach

Advancements in Imaging Techniques for Early Diagnosis and Management of Axial Spondyloarthritis

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