Microbial Contamination of Periorbital Tissues and Accessories of Children

Cheung, Sin Wan; Boost, Maureen; Shi, Guang Sen; Cho, Pauline

doi:10.1097/opx.0000000000000843

Cited by 6 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Both studies identified high contamination rates in lens accessories, due to failure to clean and/or disinfect and replace regularly, which were frequently overlooked by patients/adult caregivers and ECPs. The presence of Gram-negative rods in contact lenses and accessories also indicated poor drying of hands after washing in ortho-k lens wearers [164]. These studies emphasise two critical areas that require attention from ECPs and patients: proper hand hygiene and lens and accessories care.…”

Section: Non-compliancementioning

confidence: 84%

“…• Inadequate hand washing [161,163] • Poor hand drying before handling lenses [161,163,164] • Storing of lens accessories in the bathroom [162,163] • Failure to replace the lens case monthly [161] • Failure to clean the lenses daily after use [161,163] • Failure to disinfect the lens accessories weekly [163] • Failure to adhere to aftercare schedule [161] • Rinsing lens or case in tap water [154,155] contact lens wear. Widespread use of antiseptics and disinfectants (cationic antimicrobials, including quaternary ammonium compounds and biguanides) in clinics and hospitals has led to growing concern about the emergence of disinfectant-resistant microorganisms [197].…”

Section: Disinfectants and Resistant-microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

BCLA CLEAR - Orthokeratology

Vincent

Cho

Chan³

et al. 2021

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

Self Cite

115

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Orthokeratology (ortho-k) is the process of deliberately reshaping the anterior cornea by utilising specialty contact lenses to temporarily and reversibly reduce refractive error after lens removal. Modern ortho-k utilises reverse geometry lens designs, made with highly oxygen permeable rigid materials, worn overnight to reshape the anterior cornea and provide temporary correction of refractive error. More recently, ortho-k has been extensively used to slow the progression of myopia in children.This report reviews the practice of ortho-k, including its history, mechanisms of refractive and ocular changes, current use in the correction of myopia, astigmatism, hyperopia, and presbyopia, and standard of care. Suitable candidates for ortho-k are described, along with the fitting process, factors impacting success, and the potential options for using newer lens designs. Ocular changes associated with ortho-k, such as alterations in corneal thickness, development of microcysts, pigmented arcs, and fibrillary lines are reviewed. The safety of ortho-k is extensively reviewed, along with an overview of non-compliant behaviours and appropriate disinfection regimens. Finally, the role of ortho-k in myopia management for children is discussed in terms of efficacy, safety, and potential mechanisms of myopia control, including the impact of factors such as initial fitting age, baseline refractive error, the role of peripheral defocus, higher order aberrations, pupil size, and treatment zone size.

show abstract

Section: Non-compliancementioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Disinfectants and Resistant-microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

BCLA CLEAR - Orthokeratology

Vincent

Cho

Chan³

et al. 2021

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

Self Cite

115

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Overall, studies showed little impact on the usual members of the ocular microbiome, CNS, Corynebacterium and Propionibacterium , but there may be an increased risk for presence of potential pathogens, especially Gram‐negative bacteria . Some researchers have indicated that contact lens wear, in particular using rigid or ortho‐K lenses, may reduce the overall numbers present . In contrast, the numbers of CNS may be increased by use of contact lenses …”

Section: Use Of Contact Lensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some researchers have indicated that contact lens wear, in particular using rigid or ortho‐K lenses, may reduce the overall numbers present . In contrast, the numbers of CNS may be increased by use of contact lenses …”

Section: Use Of Contact Lensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbing the balance: effect of contact lens use on the ocular proteome and microbiome

Boost

Cho

Wang

2017

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Contact lens wear is a popular, convenient and effective method for vision correction. In recent years, contact lens practice has expanded to include new paradigms, including orthokeratology; however, their use is not entirely without risk, as the incidence of infection has consistently been reported to be higher in contact lens wearers. The explanations for this increased susceptibility have largely focused on physical damage, especially to the cornea, due to a combination of hypoxia, mechanical trauma, deposits and solution cytotoxicity, as well as poor compliance with care routines leading to introduction of pathogens into the ocular environment. However, in recent years, with the increasing availability and reduced cost of molecular techniques, the ocular environment has received greater attention with in‐depth studies of proteins and other components. Numerous proteins were found to be present in the tears and their functions and interactions indicate that the tears are far more complex than formerly presumed. In addition, the concept of a sterile or limited microbial population on the ocular surface has been challenged by analysis of the microbiome. Ocular microbiome was not considered as one of the key sites for the Human Microbiome Project, as it was thought to be limited compared to other body sites. This was proven to be fallacious, as a wide variety of micro‐organisms were identified in the analyses of human tears. Thus, the ocular environment is now recognised to be more complicated and interference with this ecological balance may lead to adverse effects. The use of contact lenses clearly changes the situation at the ocular surface, which may result in consequences which disturb the balance in the healthy eye.

show abstract

“…Compressive forces of the reverse geometry rigid lenses can disturb the corneal epithelium, and a too long overnight wear can potentially cause infectious keratitis. The previously obtained clinical data indicated that most microbiological infections associated with the use of the ortho-k lens resulted in a corneal scar and almost 10% eyes required surgical treatment [ 47 ].…”

Section: Early Intervention and Nonpharmacological Therapy Of Myopmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Intervention and Nonpharmacological Therapy of Myopia in Young Adults

Zorena

Gładysiak

Ślęzak

2018

Journal of Ophthalmology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Myopia is a condition of the eye where parallel rays focus in front of, instead of on, the retina, which results in excessive refractive power of the cornea or the lens or eyeball elongation. Studies carried out in recent years show that the etiology of myopia is complex with genetic and environmental factors playing a role. Refraction defects decrease the quality of vision, while progressing myopia can lead to partial loss of vision, which can be particularly dramatic in young adults. Therefore, it is so crucial to take appropriate actions aimed at preventing myopia progression. This is a review of nonpharmacological therapeutic possibilities of refraction defect prevention in young adults, with special regard to myofascial therapy, osteopathy, and massage of acupuncture points surrounding the eye.

show abstract

Microbial Contamination of Periorbital Tissues and Accessories of Children

Abstract: Ortho-k may lower the total number of bacteria in conjunctiva due to the use of solution and lenses, but the physiologic effect of this treatment on the types of normal flora in children was minimal and should not increase the risk of microbial keratitis in children with good compliance.

Cited by 6 publications

References 40 publications

BCLA CLEAR - Orthokeratology

BCLA CLEAR - Orthokeratology

Disturbing the balance: effect of contact lens use on the ocular proteome and microbiome

Early Intervention and Nonpharmacological Therapy of Myopia in Young Adults

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About