Microbial Degradation of Disinfectants. A New Chlorhexidine Degradation Intermediate (CHDI), CHDI-C, Produced by Pseudomonas sp. Strain No. A-3

Takano, Teruo; Murayama, Sawa; Tuda, Natuki; Nishiyama, M; Nakagawa, Kazuko; Matsuo, Yasuko; Isohama, Youichiro; Kido, Yutaka

doi:10.1248/jhs.51.357

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Since these peaks were highly comparable with those of the CHX standard, we may further conclude that CHX does not appear to be modified or degraded within D. acidovorans biofilms. CHX degradation studies previously conducted in our laboratory using 14 C-radiolabeled CHX and liquid scintillation spectrometry demonstrated that D. acidovorans (WT15) cannot mineralize CHX (data not shown), although CHX degradation by several other bacterial species is known to occur (15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Some bacterial genera (i.e., Proteus and Providencia) may either be intrinsically resistant to CHX or have induced mechanisms of resistance due to phenotypic and genotypic changes (13). Penetration failure within biofilms, the permeability characteristics of the cellular outer membrane (14), CHX degradation (15), and the presence of resistance genes or plasmids have all been reported as possible causes for CHX resistance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Microscopic and Spectroscopic Analyses of Chlorhexidine Tolerance in Delftia acidovorans Biofilms

Rema

Lawrence

Dynes

et al. 2014

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The physicochemical responses of Delftia acidovorans biofilms exposed to the commonly used antimicrobial chlorhexidine (CHX) were examined in this study. A CHX-sensitive mutant (MIC, 1.0 g ml ؊1 ) was derived from a CHX-tolerant (MIC, 15.0 g ml ؊1 ) D. acidovorans parent strain using transposon mutagenesis. D. acidovorans mutant (MT51) and wild-type (WT15) strain biofilms were cultivated in flow cells and then treated with CHX at sub-MIC and inhibitory concentrations and examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM), and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Specific morphological, structural, and chemical compositional differences between the CHX-treated and -untreated biofilms of both strains were observed. Apart from architectural differences, CLSM revealed a negative effect of CHX on biofilm thickness in the CHX-sensitive MT51 biofilms relative to those of the WT15 strain. STXM analyses showed that the WT15 biofilms contained two morphochemical cell variants, whereas only one type was detected in the MT51 biofilms. The cells in the MT51 biofilms bioaccumulated CHX to a similar extent as one of the cell types found in the WT15 biofilms, whereas the other cell type in the WT15 biofilms did not bioaccumulate CHX. STXM and IR spectral analyses revealed that CHX-sensitive MT51 cells accumulated the highest levels of CHX. Pretreating biofilms with EDTA promoted the accumulation of CHX in all cells. Thus, it is suggested that a subpopulation of cells that do not accumulate CHX appear to be responsible for greater CHX resistance in D. acidovorans WT15 biofilm in conjunction with the possible involvement of bacterial membrane stability.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic and Spectroscopic Analyses of Chlorhexidine Tolerance in Delftia acidovorans Biofilms

Rema

Lawrence

Dynes

et al. 2014

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4) To clarify the mechanisms of action on CH by this strain, we attempted to isolate the chlorhexidine products. [7][8][9] We concluded that CH was degraded via two pathways (one is a modified degradation pathway and the other is a direct degradation pathway) by Strain No. A-3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…A-3. 9) On the other hand, chlorhexidine aromatic degradation product (CHADP), CHADP-5 7) was a direct degradation compound of CH. To clarify the two degradation pathways of CH by this strain, we attempted to isolate the CHADPs from the culture filtrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Degradation of Disinfectants: Two New Aromatic Degradation Products of Chlorhexidine, Chlorhexidine Aromatic Degradation Product (CHADP)-4 and CHADP-6, Produced by Pseudomonas sp. Strain No. A-3

Takano

Ishii

Nakano

et al. 2006

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To clarify the degradation pathway of chlorhexidine by a microbe, Pseudomonas sp. Strain No. A-3, the isolation and identification of microbial chlorhexidine degradation products were attempted. Two aromatic degradation products of chlorhexidine, named chlorhexidine aromatic degradation product (CHADP)-4 and CHADP-6, were isolated by column chromatography using Diaion HP-10, and purified by column chromatography using Diaion HP-20SS and Sephadex LH-20. The chemical structures of both compounds were examined by infrared, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectra studies. Based on the spectroscopic data, CHADP-4 (molecular weight 335) and CHADP-6 (molecular weight 377) were found to be direct degradation products of chlorhexidine and were thought to be cleavage partners of p-chlorophenylurea (CHADP-5) and p-chloraniline (p-CA), respectively. Antimicrobial activity of CHADP-6 are similar to that of chlorhexidine, but antimicrobial activity of CHADP-4 decreased to 1/5-1/10 that of chlorhexidine.

show abstract

“…Figura 2.13 -Estrutura molecular do CHDI-C, segundo Tanaka et al (2005) Os mesmos autores (Tanaka et al, 2006), realizando separação e análise de compostos semelhantes às descritas anteriormente, também sugerem a existência de mais dois compostos intermediários do mecanismo de degradação da CLX, 55 denominados CHADP-4 e CHADP-6. Eles seriam pares de degradação da PCU e PCA, respectivamente.…”

unclassified

Análise química do precipitado formado na reação entre hipoclorito de sódio e digluconato de clorexidina

Brum¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microbial Degradation of Disinfectants. A New Chlorhexidine Degradation Intermediate (CHDI), CHDI-C, Produced by Pseudomonas sp. Strain No. A-3

Abstract: C NMR and fast atom bombardment mass spectra studies. Based on the spectroscopic data, this product was assumed to be a modified compound of chlorhexidine (molecular weight, MW; 530). From the proposed structure, CHDI-C was assumed to be a new chlorhexidine degradation intermediate.

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Microscopic and Spectroscopic Analyses of Chlorhexidine Tolerance in Delftia acidovorans Biofilms

Microscopic and Spectroscopic Analyses of Chlorhexidine Tolerance in Delftia acidovorans Biofilms

Microbial Degradation of Disinfectants: Two New Aromatic Degradation Products of Chlorhexidine, Chlorhexidine Aromatic Degradation Product (CHADP)-4 and CHADP-6, Produced by Pseudomonas sp. Strain No. A-3

Análise química do precipitado formado na reação entre hipoclorito de sódio e digluconato de clorexidina

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About