Microbial Degradation of Fenamiphos After Repeated Application To a Tomato-Growing Soil

Stirling, A. M.; Stirling, G. R.; MacRae, I. C.

doi:10.1163/187529292x00216

Cited by 39 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…For example, in banana fields of Ivory Coast a step-by-step build up of microbial populations that were responsible for the accelerated degradation of fenamiphos was found (Anderson and Lafuerza 1992). In tomato growing soils of Australia a similar observation has been reported (Stirling et al 1992). Biodegradation of fenamiphos in Musa cultivation from Costa Rica has been previously described (Moens et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Isolation and characterization of fenamiphos degrading bacteria

et al. 2010

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The biological factors responsible for the microbial breakdown of the organophosphorus nematicide fenamiphos were investigated. Microorganisms responsible for the enhanced degradation of fenamiphos were isolated from soil that had a long application history of this nematicide. Bacteria proved to be the most important group of microbes responsible for the fenamiphos biodegradation process. Seventeen bacterial isolates utilized the pure active ingredient fenamiphos as a carbon source. Sixteen isolates rapidly degraded the active ingredient in Nemacur 5GR. Most of the fenamiphos degrading bacteria were Microbacterium species, although Sinorhizobium, Brevundimonas, Ralstonia and Cupriavidus were also identified. This array of gram positive and gram negative fenamiphos degrading bacteria appeared to be pesticide-specific, since cross-degradation toward fosthiazate, another organophosphorus pesticide used for nematode control, did not occur. It was established that the phylogenetical relationship among nematicide degrading bacteria is closer than that to non-degrading isolates.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Isolation and characterization of fenamiphos degrading bacteria

et al. 2010

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“…Nevertheless, the degradation of xenobiotic compounds by members of the soil microflora is an important means by which said compounds Smelt et al (1987); Haydock et al (2012) * Currently not available, and prohibited from January 2014 ** Trade name of generic products *** Plums excluded are removed from the environment, and thus prevented from becoming pollution-related problems (Karns et al, 1986). The involvement of microorganisms in the degradation of fenamiphos was proven in a study conducted by Stirling et al (1992). Another study showing the involvement of microorganisms in the degradation of nematicides was conducted by Suett (1986), who examined the degradation of carbofuran in soil.…”

Section: Biological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this test, a nematode, Aphelenchus avenae Bastian, 1865 is commercially used to test for nematicidal activity in the soil. This nematode feeds on a wide variety of fungi and, when the numbers of the nematode increase dramatically in a suspected soil sample compared to in the control (untreated soil), it is assumed that the microbial populations responsible for AMD are present in the soil (Stirling et al, 1992).…”

Section: Preventing Amd In Vineyards and Orchardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated Microbial Degradation of Nematicides in Vineyard and Orchard Soils

Hugo

Mouton²,

Malan

2016

SAJEV

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Accelerated microbial degradation (AMD) of organophosphate and carbamate nematicides is a phenomenon whereby biodegradation in the soil is increased, leading to a dramatically shortened persistence of nematicides. More intensified agriculture practices in South Africa in response to the future demand for food may lead to increased pest and disease pressure, which in turn will lead to more frequent pesticide application. The same principle applies to plant-parasitic nematode control practices, and the overuse and misuse will have a pronounced effect on the enhancement of AMD. With limited management options available, the responsible use of nematicides becomes more pertinent. Producers should be aware of the problems associated with multiple soil applications of organophosphates and carbamates against plant-parasitic nematodes. This article reviews factors contributing to the AMD of carbamate and organophosphate nematicides in soil and makes practical recommendations to avoid the occurrence of AMD in vineyard and orchards.

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“…The biological efficacy of fenamiphos has been reported to be significantly reduced by enhanced biodegradation (2,15,17,20). It is oxidized rapidly in soil to fenamiphos sulfoxide (FSO) and fenamiphos sulfone (FSO 2 ), both of which have similar nematicidal activity to fenamiphos (25).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Soil pH in the Development of EnhancedBiodegradation ofFenamiphos

Singh

Walker

Morgan

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Repeated treatment with fenamiphos (ethyl 4-methylthio-m-tolyl isopropylphosphoramidate) resulted in enhanced biodegradation of this nematicide in two United Kingdom soils with a high pH (>7.7). In contrast, degradation of fenamiphos was slow in three acidic United Kingdom soils (pH 4.7 to 6.7), and repeated treatments did not result in enhanced biodegradation. Rapid degradation of fenamiphos was observed in two Australian soils (pH 6.7 to 6.8) in which it was no longer biologically active against plant nematodes. Enhanced degrading capability was readily transferred from Australian soil to United Kingdom soils, but only those with a high pH were able to maintain this capability for extended periods of time. This result was confirmed by fingerprinting bacterial communities by 16S rRNA gene profiling of extracted DNA. Only United Kingdom soils with a high pH retained bacterial DNA bands originating from the fenamiphos-degrading Australian soil. A degrading consortium was enriched from the Australian soil that utilized fenamiphos as a sole source of carbon. The 16S rRNA banding pattern (determined by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) from the isolated consortium migrated to the same position as the bands from the Australian soil and those from the enhanced United Kingdom soils in which the Australian soil had been added. When the bands from the consortium and the soil were sequenced and compared they showed between 97 and 100% sequence identity, confirming that these groups of bacteria were involved in degrading fenamiphos in the soils. The sequences obtained showed similarity to those from the genera Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, and Caulobacter. In the Australian soils, two different degradative pathways operated simultaneously: fenamiphos was converted to fenamiphos sulfoxide (FSO), which was hydrolyzed to the corresponding phenol (FSO-OH) or was hydrolyzed directly to fenamiphos phenol. In the United Kingdom soils in which enhanced degradation had been induced, fenamiphos was oxidized to FSO and then hydrolyzed to FSO-OH, but direct conversion to fenamiphos phenol did not occur.Enhanced biodegradation of pesticides after their repeated application to soils has been widely reported (6,26). In some circumstances, enhancement of degradation does not occur, and the specific factors that lead to adaptation of microbial communities in some soils and not in others are not known. Pesticide degradation in soil is influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors, which act in tandem and complement one another in the microenvironment. The role of abiotic factors in development and stability of enhanced degradation has received little attention.Fenamiphos (ethyl 4-methylthio-m-tolyl isopropylphosphoramidate) is an organophosphate insecticide-nematicide, which is widely used for the control of ectoparasitic, endoparasitic, and free-living nematodes in horticultural and other field crops (18). The biological efficacy of fenamiphos has been reported to be significantly reduced by enhanced biodegradation (2,15,17,20). It i...

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Microbial Degradation of Fenamiphos After Repeated Application To a Tomato-Growing Soil

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

Isolation and characterization of fenamiphos degrading bacteria

Isolation and characterization of fenamiphos degrading bacteria

Accelerated Microbial Degradation of Nematicides in Vineyard and Orchard Soils

Role of Soil pH in the Development of EnhancedBiodegradation ofFenamiphos

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