Microbial Degradation of Lignocellulose: the Lignin Component

Crawford, Don L.; Crawford, Ronald L.

doi:10.1128/aem.31.5.714-717.1976

Cited by 145 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…rnesophila. There is no evidence for significant lignin degradation by any thermophilic actinomycetes described thus far [17,35].…”

Section: Lignin Degradation By Actinomy-cetesmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Nevertheless, there have been a number of observations which support the view that actinomycetes have a role as primary degraders of lignocellulose. Development of in vivo 14C-labelling techniques [35,36] has provided evidence that actinomycetes can attack lignocellulose in its native form. Degradation of lignin and cellulose components of Douglas fir and the lignin component of red maple by Streptomyces strains [21,25], maize stalk lignin degradation by Nocardia strains [26,37] and wheat lignin degradation by several actinomycete strains [17] are good examples.…”

Section: Ecological Rolementioning

confidence: 99%

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Lignocellulose-degrading actinomycetes

McCarthy

1987

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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“…rnesophila. There is no evidence for significant lignin degradation by any thermophilic actinomycetes described thus far [17,35].…”

Section: Lignin Degradation By Actinomy-cetesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Ecological Rolementioning

confidence: 99%

Lignocellulose-degrading actinomycetes

McCarthy

1987

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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“…The N source was dissolved in 130 lL/g of litter (wet mass) in the form of arginine, asparagine, glutamate, protein complexed with condensed tannins, or purified lignocellulose (assuming that lignocellulose is 0.2% N by mass (Sanderson and Wedin 1989). To prepare lignocellulose, we followed a modified version of protocols from Crawford and Crawford (1976) and Crawford et al (1977) using needles from Pinus canariensis (see Appendix A). We generated tannin-protein complexes by dissolving 1 g tannic acid (Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA, S80215) in 1-L deionized water to create a tannin solution (see Appendix A).…”

Section: Experimental Design and Nucleotide Analogue Labelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional diversity in resource use by fungi

McGuire

Bent

Borneman

et al. 2010

Ecology

149

108

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Fungi influence nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems, as they are major regulators of decomposition and soil respiration. However, little is known about the substrate preferences of individual fungal species outside of laboratory culture studies. If active fungi differ in their substrate preferences in situ, then changes in fungal diversity due to global change may dramatically influence nutrient cycling in ecosystems. To test the responses of individual fungal taxa to specific substrates, we used a nucleotide-analogue procedure in the boreal forest of Alaska (USA). Specifically, we added four organic N compounds commonly found in plant litter (arginine, glutamate, lignocellulose, and tannin-protein) to litterbags filled with decomposed leaf litter (black spruce and aspen) and assessed the responses of active fungal species using qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction), oligonucleotide fingerprinting of rRNA genes, and sequencing. We also compared the sequences from our experiment with a concurrent warming experiment to see if active fungi that targeted more recalcitrant compounds would respond more positively to soil warming. We found that individual fungal taxa responded differently to substrate additions and that active fungal communities were different across litter types (spruce vs. aspen). Active fungi that targeted lignocellulose also responded positively to experimental warming. Additionally, resource-use patterns in different fungal taxa were genetically correlated, suggesting that it may be possible to predict the ecological function of active fungal communities based on genetic information. Together, these results imply that fungi are functionally diverse and that reductions in fungal diversity may have consequences for ecosystem functioning.

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“…Hildebr.] (CRAWFORD and CRAWFORD 1976;CRAWFORD 1978;CRAW-FORD 1981); the cellulose components were selectively labeled by feeding 50/u-Ci of D(U -^'C) glucose through the cut white fir stems (CRAWFORD et al 1977). Stems with labeled lignocelluloses were dried at 60 °C, ground to <lmm, and extracted as described elsewhere (CRAWFORD et al 1977;CRAWFORD 1981).…”

Section: Lignocellulose Labelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nitrogen and carbon sources on lignin and cellulose degradation by Armillaria ostoyae

Entry¹,

Donnelly²,

Cromack³

1993

European Journal of Forest Pathology

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Lignin has been hypothesized to be the primary mechanism of resistance to fungal pathogens in plant tissue. Degradation of lignin and cellulose by Armillaria ostoyae cultured for six weeks in Melin-Norkrans medium containing various nitrogen and carbon sources was measured radiometrically. No consistent pattern of lignm or cellulose degradation was found, regardless of A. ostoyae isolate, nitrogen source and concentration, or carbon concentration. More lignin was degracied as the concentration of glucose and fructose increased but not when the concentration of sucrose increased.

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Microbial Degradation of Lignocellulose: the Lignin Component

Cited by 145 publications

References 8 publications

Lignocellulose-degrading actinomycetes

Lignocellulose-degrading actinomycetes

Functional diversity in resource use by fungi

Effect of nitrogen and carbon sources on lignin and cellulose degradation by Armillaria ostoyae

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