Microbial Dysbiosis and Male Infertility: Understanding the Impact and Exploring Therapeutic Interventions

Kaltsas, Aris; Zachariou, Athanasios; Markou, Eleftheria; Dimitriadis, Fotios; Sofikitis, Nikolaos; Pournaras, Spyridon

doi:10.3390/jpm13101491

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…Interestingly, these associations are not consistently reproduced in the double-blind reintroduction of suspected foods. However, dietary choices can impact the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiome, potentially influencing symptoms associated with FGID [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Fermentable oligo-, mono-, and disaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) found in stone fruits, legumes, lactose-containing foods, and artificial sweeteners can exacerbate symptoms in some patients due to their fermentation and osmotic effects [ 22 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fermentable oligo-, mono-, and disaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) found in stone fruits, legumes, lactose-containing foods, and artificial sweeteners can exacerbate symptoms in some patients due to their fermentation and osmotic effects [ 22 ]. Another noteworthy concept is non-coeliac gluten sensitivity, where patients with DGBI experience significant symptom improvement upon gluten withdrawal despite lacking a proven diagnosis of coeliac disease [ 20 , 23 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reports indicate that IBS tends to aggregate in families, with twin studies revealing higher concordance rates among monozygotic twins compared to dizygotic twins, suggesting a genetic contribution to DGBI development. Genetic components associated with immune regulation and motility cells, such as interstitial cells of Cajal, could influence gut permeability, dysmotility, and visceral hypersensitivity [ 1 , 15 , 20 ]. In addition, infection or immune regulations from infection play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of DGBI.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gut-brain interaction is also evident, with inflammatory cytokines linked to infection or inflammation. Wouters et al demonstrated a connection between elevated cytokine levels, anxiety scores, and DGBI symptoms, indicating that stressors can augment inflammation changes, leading to increased visceral sensitivity [ 20 , 24 , 26 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the diversity of symptoms and individual responses to interventions present challenges in identifying universally effective treatments. Managing patient expectations, establishing a strong patient-clinician relationship, providing clear explanations, and connecting with the patient holistically are crucial steps that can improve acceptance and clinical outcomes [ 20 , 29 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Interconnections of Functional Gut Disorders and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Narrative Review Article

Huynh,

Khaing

2024

Cureus

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This review reveals details of the interaction between disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by providing an in-depth review of that relationship. The review provides a nuanced understanding of this multifaceted dynamic by spanning shared symptomatology, the impact of inflammation on functional aspects, and addressing diagnostic challenges, psychological influences, treatment strategies, and emerging research directions. By synthesizing current knowledge and identifying gaps in understanding, this article aims to contribute to the evolving discourse surrounding the interplay between IBD and DGBI, offering valuable insights for clinicians, researchers, and healthcare professionals navigating the complexities of gastrointestinal health.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring the Interconnections of Functional Gut Disorders and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Narrative Review Article

Huynh,

Khaing

2024

Cureus

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Microflora of Combat Wounds of the Male Pelvic Organs and Dysbacteriosis of the Urinary System

Melnyk,

Kovalenko,

Vorobets

et al. 2024

Clin. and prev. med.

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Introduction. Identification of microorganisms that colonize combat wounds and cause wound infection is of primary importance for the subsequent successful treatment of the patient. The resistance of microorganisms to antimicrobial drugs makes the efforts of modern medicine in the fight against infectious agents ineffective. The problem of infertility is closely related to combat injuries, their infection, stress, and neurotic disorders. Aim. Obtaining and summarizing data on microbial colonization of mine-blast wounds of pelvic organs and the microbiome of the genitourinary system of combatants. Materials and methods. 84 smears were taken from 56 wounds of 36 patients with injuries of the pelvic organs who were being treated. 73 patients with injuries were examined for the presence of mycoflora in the urogenital tract. Isolation of pure bacterial cultures was carried out by inoculating the studied material using meat-peptone agar, blood agar, chromogenic agars. For the diagnosis of urogenital or other infections by the PCR method, a scraping from the back wall of the urethra was taken from the patients. Results. Predominant microorganisms in positive cultures of smears were non-fermenting gram-negative rods, which in 28% of cultures belonged to the genus Acinetobacter, in 26% to the genus Pseudomonas. As for associated infections, 20% of them consisted of the genus Acinetobacter, 32% – Enterobacter, 4% – Klebsiella and 29% – Pseudomonas. Gram-positive cocci were isolated in 37% of positive smear cultures. The frequency of isolation of the genus Streptococcus in monoinfection was 2.5%, followed by the genus Clostridium – 2%, Bacillus – 3%, Enterococcus – 4% and Actynomycceas – 4%. In associated infections, the frequency of isolation of the genus Streptococcus was 4%, followed by the genus Clostridium – 2%, Bacillus – 4%, Enterococcus – 3% and Actynomycceas – 5%. When analyzing the microflora of the genitourinary system, it was found that the priority role belongs to the combined infection, when there are associations of specific pathogens such as Ureaplasma spp., Mycoplasma spp., Chlamidia spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus faecalis, which is 80% of the entire microbiome. Conclusions. Acinetobacter baumanii and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the dominant microflora complicating the course of combat wounds during almost two years of Russia's full-scale war against Ukraine. Probably, the duration of hostilities, the large number of wounded, and the forced mass unsystematic use of various antibiotics lead to rapid changes in the spectrum of pathogens of combat wounds. Combat wounds and their infection, stress, and nervous disorders lead to an imbalance of microflora, in particular microflora of the genitourinary system, which can be one of the causes of infertility. Chlamydia and Ureaplasma are the most common microorganisms that colonize the urogenital tract of men injured as a result of hostilities.

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Proteomics and Metabolomics in Varicocele-Associated Male Infertility: Advancing Precision Diagnostics and Therapy

Kaltsas,

Zikopoulos,

Markou

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background/Objectives: Varicoceles are a common contributor to male infertility, significantly impacting male-factor infertility cases. Traditional diagnostic methods often lack the sensitivity to detect the molecular and cellular disruptions caused by varicoceles, limiting the development of effective, personalized treatments. This narrative review aims to explore the advancements in proteomics and metabolomics as innovative, non-invasive diagnostic tools for varicocele-associated male infertility and their potential in guiding personalized therapeutic strategies. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to October 2024. Studies focusing on the application of proteomic and metabolomic analyses in varicocele-associated male infertility were selected. The findings were critically analyzed to synthesize current knowledge and identify future research directions. Results: Proteomic analyses revealed differentially expressed proteins in the sperm and seminal plasma of varicocele patients, revealing disruptions in pathways related to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, and energy metabolism. Key proteins such as heat shock proteins, mitochondrial enzymes, and apoptotic regulators were notably altered. Metabolomic profiling uncovered specific metabolites in seminal plasma—such as decreased levels of lysine, valine, and fructose—that correlate with impaired sperm function and fertility potential. The integration of proteomic and metabolomic data provides a comprehensive molecular fingerprint of varicocele-induced infertility, facilitating the identification of novel biomarkers for early diagnosis and the development of personalized therapeutic interventions. Conclusions: Advances in proteomics and metabolomics have significantly enhanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying varicocele-associated male infertility. These “omics” technologies hold great promise for improving diagnostic accuracy and personalizing treatment, ultimately leading to better outcomes for affected men. Future large-scale clinical trials and validations are essential to confirm these biomarkers and facilitate their integration into routine clinical practice.

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Microbial Dysbiosis and Male Infertility: Understanding the Impact and Exploring Therapeutic Interventions

Cited by 6 publications

References 139 publications

Exploring the Interconnections of Functional Gut Disorders and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Narrative Review Article

Exploring the Interconnections of Functional Gut Disorders and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Narrative Review Article

Microflora of Combat Wounds of the Male Pelvic Organs and Dysbacteriosis of the Urinary System

Proteomics and Metabolomics in Varicocele-Associated Male Infertility: Advancing Precision Diagnostics and Therapy

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