“…Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a special type of bioelectrochemical system with no supply of external voltage, but instead, generation of renewable energy from the water treatment process. Previously, different types of toxic and recalcitrant organic pollutants, such as benzene, phenol, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and furfural, have been effectively treated through oxidative processes in anode chambers of MFCs, and maximum power densities of 7–220 mW/m 2 have been achieved (Adelaja, Keshavarz, & Kyazze, ; Wang, Luo, Fallgren, Jin, & Ren, ; Zhou et al, ). Besides, MFCs have been utilized to treat groundwater polluted by both organic contaminants, such as benzene and phenolic compounds in anode chambers, as well as inorganic contaminants, such as nitrate, perchlorate, and Cr(VI) in cathode chambers (Butler, Clauwaert, Green, Verstraete, & Nerenberg, ; Hedbavna, Rolfe, Huang, & Thornton, ; Liu, Lai, Ye, & Lin, ; Pous, Puig, Coma, Balaguer, & Colprim, ).…”