Microbial Evasion of IgA Functions

Kilian, Mogens; Russell, Michael W.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-415847-4.00022-7

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 180 publications

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“…Although the Faba fragments may still coat the organisms through recognition of specific antigens, the loss of the Fc region renders them unable to trigger effector mechanisms. Moreover, they prevent recognition of the organism by intact antibodies of other isotypes, thereby allowing the bacterium to evade the protective functions of mucosal Igs (180).…”

Section: Iga1 Proteasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucosal Immunoglobulins

Woof

2015

Mucosal Immunology

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Section: Iga1 Proteasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucosal Immunoglobulins

Woof

2015

Mucosal Immunology

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“…The molecular basis for the host specificity of pathogenic Neisseria is not fully understood, but the existing evidence indicates that multiple factors are involved. On the pathogen side, a number of surface-exposed proteins appear to be associated with the human specificity of pathogenic Neisseria , including immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) protease, 12 , 13 type IV pili, 14 , 15 , 16 complement factor H binding proteins (FHBP), 17 , 18 gonococcal porin, 19 transferrin-binding proteins 20 , 21 and lactoferrin-binding proteins. 21 , 22 On the host side, several human proteins have been implicated as host specificity determinants, including IgA1, 12 , 13 cell surface complement regulator CD46, 10 complement regulator factor H (FH), 17 , 18 , 23 complement regulator C4b-binding protein (C4BP), 19 transferrin 9 , 24 , 25 and lactoferrin.…”

Section: Human-specific Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As illustrated in Figure 1 , N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis produce an extracellular serine-type protease that specifically cleaves human IgA1, a subclass of the dominant mucosal antibody, IgA. 12 , 13 IgA1 is the most abundant antibody in upper respiratory secretions. 26 IgA serves as a ‘non-inflammatory mucosal protector' at mucosal surfaces, performing multiple important functions, such as inhibition of microbial adherence, neutralization of microorganisms and inhibition of antigen penetration.…”

Section: Human-specific Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 27 S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae , two additional obligate human pathogens and colonizers of the human nasopharynx, possess similar capabilities to cleave human IgA1 ( Figure 1 ). 13 , 28 , 29 These IgA1 proteases specifically cleave the hinge region of IgA1, but not that of IgA2 due to the sequence differences of the two IgA subclasses in this region, with 26 amino acids in IgA1 and 13 in IgA2. 26 Mouse and many other mammals possess only one IgA antibody with significant sequence differences from human IgA1, which explains why the IgA1 proteases of pathogenic Neisseria cannot digest the IgA produced by many nonhuman species.…”

Section: Human-specific Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular basis of host specificity in human pathogenic bacteria

Pan

Yang

Zhang

2014

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Pathogenic bacteria display various levels of host specificity or tropism. While many bacteria can infect a wide range of hosts, certain bacteria have strict host selectivity for humans as obligate human pathogens. Understanding the genetic and molecular basis of host specificity in pathogenic bacteria is important for understanding pathogenic mechanisms, developing better animal models and designing new strategies and therapeutics for the control of microbial diseases. The molecular mechanisms of bacterial host specificity are much less understood than those of viral pathogens, in part due to the complexity of the molecular composition and cellular structure of bacterial cells. However, important progress has been made in identifying and characterizing molecular determinants of bacterial host specificity in the last two decades. It is now clear that the host specificity of bacterial pathogens is determined by multiple molecular interactions between the pathogens and their hosts. Furthermore, certain basic principles regarding the host specificity of bacterial pathogens have emerged from the existing literature. This review focuses on selected human pathogenic bacteria and our current understanding of their host specificity.

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“…Salivary s-IgA inhibits microbial colonization and neutralizes microbial enzymes or toxins [ 56–58 ]. Salivary s-IgA antibody can prevent the colonization of Streptococcus mutans by neutralizing glycosyltransferase (GTF), thus reducing the rate of GTF binding to Streptococcus mutans pili, thus inhibiting the development of dental caries [ 59 , 60 ]. Another potential mechanism is that salivary s-IgA can synergize and promote the bacteriostasis of the lactoferrin and peroxidase system, which can also explain the correlation between salivary s-IgA and caries [ 61–63 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between salivary s-IgA concentration and dental caries: an updated meta-analysis

Gong

Wang

et al. 2020

Bioscience Reports

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Objective: To determine the levels of s-IgA in saliva of caries patients and healthy controls, and to evaluate whether there is a correlation between it and caries by meta-analysis. Methods: The PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, Chongqing VIP database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, and China BioMedical Literature Services System databases were searched initially in April 2020 and repeated in August 2020. Two independent evaluators screened the literature and extracted the data according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. R 4.0.2 software was used for meta-analysis. I2 test was commonly reflected the heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression analysis explore the sources of heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis, funnel diagram, Begg’s rank correlation, and Egger’s linear regression were used to determine the possibility of publication bias. Results: The study was reviewed according to the project guidelines for optimal reporting (PRISMA) based on meta-analysis. A total of 30 case–control studies were included, with a total sample size of 1545 patients, including 918 caries patients and 627 healthy controls. Salivary s-IgA levels in caries patients were significantly lower than those in healthy controls (SMD = −0.49, 95%CI: [−0.94; −0.03], P=0.03). In addition, the results of subgroup analysis showed that the significant decrease of salivary s-IgA level was correlated with children patients, mixed dentition and Asian people (children: SMD = −0.45, 95%CI: [−0.89; −0.01], P=0.04; mixed dentition: SMD = −0.61, 95%CI: [−1.24; 0.03], P=0.06; Asian: SMD = −0.62, 95%CI: [−1.17; −0.08], P=0.02). The funnel diagram included in the study was symmetrically distributed, and the sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results. Conclusion: Salivary s-IgA levels in caries patients were significantly lower than in healthy controls. It has also been demonstrated that salivary s-IgA may be used as an alternative measure to identify subjects at risk of caries susceptibility, suggesting that salivary s-IgA may be a protective factor for dental caries.

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Microbial Evasion of IgA Functions

Cited by 12 publications

References 180 publications

Mucosal Immunoglobulins

Mucosal Immunoglobulins

Molecular basis of host specificity in human pathogenic bacteria

Association between salivary s-IgA concentration and dental caries: an updated meta-analysis

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