Microbial feedbacks optimize ocean iron availability

Lauderdale, Jonathan Maitland; Braakman, Rogier; Forget, Gaël; Dutkiewicz, Stephanie; Follows, Michael J.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1917277117

Cited by 39 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Fe availability to both microbes and higher trophic level organisms across the global oceans depends on the presence and identity of organic ligands to which Fe binds (Lauderdale et al, 2020). Terrestrial dissolved organic-matter-bound Fe, which likely predominates in these watersheds, has been shown to be highly stable during estuarine mixing and can be transported well beyond the estuary to open waters where it can serve as a source of potentially limiting Fe (Herzog et al, 2020b).…”

Section: Role Of Freshwater Nutrient Inputs In Nearshore Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rain-fed streams dilute inorganic nutrients but subsidise organic-matter-associated nutrients in coastal waters of the northeast Pacific Ocean

et al. 2021

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Abstract. In coastal regions, rivers and streams may be important sources of nutrients limiting to primary production in marine waters; however, sampling is still rarely conducted across the land-to-ocean aquatic continuum, precluding conclusions from being drawn about connectivity between freshwater and marine systems. Here we use a more-than-4-year dataset (2014–2018) of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, silica, iron) and dissolved organic carbon spanning streams draining coastal watersheds and nearshore marine surface waters along the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada, at the heart of the North Pacific coastal temperate rainforest region. Mean freshwater and surface marine N:Si:P ratios were 5:20:1 (P:Fe = 1:67) and 6:11:1, respectively, showing relative consistency across the land–ocean interface but deviation from the extended Redfield ratio. Inorganic nutrient concentrations (NO3-+NO2-, PO43-, Si(OH)4) in fresh waters were less than in the receiving marine environment, indicating that freshwater nutrient inputs in this region were of little importance to – or even diluted – the pool of readily available inorganic nutrients in nearshore waters. Conversely, fresh waters increased the pool of organic-matter-associated nutrients, namely dissolved organic nitrogen and iron. The organic-matter-rich landscapes of the region yielded globally significant quantities of dissolved organic nitrogen (304–381 kg km−2 yr−1) and iron (463–596 kg km−2 yr−1), thus acting as important sources of potentially limiting nutrients to both nearshore and offshore waters. These exports may subsidise heterotrophic microbial communities capable of directly consuming and remineralising these nutrients, potentially compensating for the dilution of inorganic nutrients by freshwater inputs. We highlight the need to better understand nutrient limitation in coastal waters and for concerted research efforts to study the spatial and temporal dynamism at the land–ocean interface along the northeast Pacific coast.

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Section: Role Of Freshwater Nutrient Inputs In Nearshore Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rain-fed streams dilute inorganic nutrients but subsidise organic-matter-associated nutrients in coastal waters of the northeast Pacific Ocean

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Fe availability to both microbes and higher trophic level organisms in coastal waters, and more broadly across the global oceans, depends on the presence and identity of organic ligands to which Fe binds (Lauderdale et al, 2020). Terrestrial dissolved organic matter-bound Fe, which likely predominates in these watersheds, has been shown to be highly stable during estuarine mixing, and can be transported well beyond the estuary to open waters where it can serve as a source of potentially limiting-Fe (Herzog et al, 2020b).…”

Section: Role Of Freshwater Nutrient Inputs To Nearshore Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rain-fed streams dilute inorganic nutrients but subsidise organic matter-associated nutrients in coastal waters of the northeast Pacific Ocean

Pierre¹,

Hunt²,

Tank³

et al. 2020

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Abstract. In coastal regions, rivers and streams may be important sources of nutrients limiting to primary production in marine waters; however, sampling is still only rarely conducted across the land-to-ocean aquatic continuum, precluding conclusions from being drawn about connectivity between freshwater and marine systems. Here we use a more than four year dataset (2014–2018) of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, silica, iron) and dissolved organic carbon spanning streams draining coastal watersheds and nearshore marine surface waters along the Central Coast of British Columbia Canada, at the heart of the North Pacific coastal temperate rainforest region. Mean freshwater and surface marine N : Si : P ratios were 4 : 18 : 1 (P : Fe = 1 : 58) and 6 : 11 : 1, respectively, showing relative consistency across the land-ocean interface but deviation from the extended Redfield ratio. Inorganic nutrient concentrations (NO3−+NO2−, PO43−, Si(OH)4) in freshwaters were less than in the receiving marine environment, indicating that freshwater nutrient inputs in this region were of little importance to – or even diluted – the pool of readily available inorganic nutrients in nearshore waters. Conversely, freshwaters increased the pool of organic matter-associated nutrients, namely dissolved organic nitrogen and iron. The organic matter-rich landscapes of the region yielded globally significant quantities of dissolved organic nitrogen (304–381 kg km−2 y−1) and iron (463–596 kg km−2 y−1); thus acting as important sources of potentially limiting nutrients to both nearshore and offshore waters. These exports may subsidise heterotrophic microbial communities capable of directly consuming and remineralising these nutrients, potentially compensating for the dilution of inorganic nutrients by freshwater inputs. We highlight the need to better understand nutrient limitation in coastal waters and for concerted research efforts to study the spatial and temporal dynamism at the land-ocean interface along the northeast Pacific coast.

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“…The scientific literature identifies a number of additional potential options for enhancing terrestrial sinks beyond A/R, including ecosystem restoration and soil carbon sequestration (Griscom et al, 2017), but their removal potential is much smaller, and many options would raise similar governance challenges to A/R when deployed at large-scale. While ocean fertilization has been previously mentioned as a CDR option, doubt has been raised by the scientific community as to its efficacy and substantial concerns have been raised about its potential impacts (Lauderdale et al, 2020 ;Williamson et al, 2012 ;Strong et al, 2009). This article is a condensed and updated version of portions of 'Governing large-scale carbon dioxide removal: are we ready?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large‐Scale Carbon Dioxide Removal to Meet the 1.5°C Limit: Key Governance Gaps, Challenges and Priority Responses

et al. 2021

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Parties to the UNFCCC and Paris Agreement have agreed to pursue efforts to limit the global average temperature increase to 1.5°C. To meet this goal, the international community will have to aggressively reduce emissions and also remove CO2 from the atmosphere on an unprecedented scale, through an array of biological and technical Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) options. This paper considers governance challenges that arise from the need to rely on CDR to meet the Paris Agreement’s long‐term temperature goal. It looks at how heavy this reliance may have to be, over what timeframe, involving what options and, crucially, how best to ensure that CDR does not, while trying to address one problem, create many other challenges for sustainable development. After identifying the potential scale and pace of CO2 removal needed to meet the 1.5°C goal, we identify key governance gaps and challenges that arise from large‐scale CDR implementation and propose a series of policy responses to be addressed by policy makers as a matter of priority, to enable CDR to contribute to 1.5°C‐consistent pathways at the scale and pace required.

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Microbial feedbacks optimize ocean iron availability

Cited by 39 publications

References 95 publications

Rain-fed streams dilute inorganic nutrients but subsidise organic-matter-associated nutrients in coastal waters of the northeast Pacific Ocean

Rain-fed streams dilute inorganic nutrients but subsidise organic-matter-associated nutrients in coastal waters of the northeast Pacific Ocean

Rain-fed streams dilute inorganic nutrients but subsidise organic matter-associated nutrients in coastal waters of the northeast Pacific Ocean

Large‐Scale Carbon Dioxide Removal to Meet the 1.5°C Limit: Key Governance Gaps, Challenges and Priority Responses

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