Microbial functional genes involved in nitrogen fixation, nitrification and denitrification in forest ecosystems

Levy‐Booth, David J.; Prescott, Cindy E.; Grayston, Susan J.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.03.021

Cited by 592 publications

(350 citation statements)

References 197 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

330

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Nmin N mineralization, Nim N immobilization, DNRA dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium, NH 4 + ammonium N, NO 3 − nitrate N, SON soil organic N, DON dissolved organic N, Cm microbial biomass, ORP redox potential, OXC oxidation capacity, AOA ammonia-oxidizing archaea, AOB ammonia-oxidizers. This figure is a modification from Levy-Booth et al (2014) Tables 1 and 2 based on available literature and information. Additionally, estimated N losses as N 2 O and NO in Ndeposited and N-fertilized forest sites from the published reports are presented in Table 3. 2.1 N immobilization N immobilization by microbes or uptake by plants could have large influences on soil N transformations and the fate of N imported to forest ecosystems.…”

Section: General Characteristics Of Exogenous N-addition-induced Modimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of N loss in forest ecosystems, the influence of N deposition and fertilization on denitrification may be insignificant (Gundersen 1991). However, more and more attention is being paid to denitrification process in forests under increasing N deposition due to the high global warming potential of N 2 O (Hall and Matson 1999;Levy-Booth et al 2014). Although some studies have shown that N deposition and fertilization to forest ecosystems have minor effects on soil N 2 O emission (Magill et al 1997), there is mounting evidence that excessive N deposition to forest ecosystems, especially to N-unlimited forest ecosystems, has promoted soil N 2 O emission (Butterbach-Bahl et al 1998;Gundersen et al 2012;Hall and Matson 1999;Jassal et al 2011;Pilegaard et al 2006;Zhang et al 2008).…”

Section: Denitrification and N 2 O Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the above studies, increased N 2 O emission in most cases is attributed to increased denitrification. However, the linkage between denitrification and increased N 2 O emission and how denitrification process and N 2 O emission in forest soils are affected by increased N deposition and fertilization remain unclear (Aronson and Allison 2012;Bengtsson and Bergwall 2000;Levy-Booth et al 2014). For example, Bengtsson and Bergwall (2000) found that long-term fertilization decreased the denitrification capacity of Norway spruce forest soils.…”

Section: Denitrification and N 2 O Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among various types of ecosystems, forest ecosystems have received much more attention. In general, low N availability limits many aboveground and belowground properties of forest ecosystems, such as tree growth, productivity, biodiversity, and C sequestration (Levy- Booth et al 2014). However, N enrichment due to reactive N deposition and fertilization in forest ecosystems has many unexpectedly negative effects: biodiversity loss (Lu et al 2010), productivity reduction (Aber et al 1989), and increased greenhouse gas emissions (Liu and Greaver 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effects of nitrogen deposition and fertilization on N transformations in forest soils: a review

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Understanding how process-specific nitrogen (N) transformations in natural forest soils are modified by N deposition and fertilization is critically important to gain mechanistic insights on the links between global N deposition and N enrichment and loss in forest soils. Materials and methods Here we identify the general characteristics and the main mechanisms of N deposition-and fertilization-induced modifications in multiple N transformations, including N immobilization, N mineralization, nitrification (autotrophic nitrification and heterotrophic nitrification), and denitrification, in forest soils by literature survey. Results and discussion Overall, N status, soil C/N ratios, C availability, and soil pH are key factors separately and/or interactively affecting the effects of N deposition and fertilization on forest soil N transformations. In the N-limited stage, N deposition and fertilization can act as a stimulator of N mineralization by removing microbial N limitation and reducing the C/N ratios of the substrate being decomposed. In the Nunlimited stage, N added to forest ecosystems can retard N mineralization, which may primarily be a result of decreased microbial activity due to soil acidification and low C availability. The changes in N mineralization may drive a corresponding change in N immobilization, autotrophic nitrification, and denitrification. Despite the fact that ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) has a higher affinity than ammonia-oxidizers (AOB) for low-concentration ammonia (NH 3 ), low NH 3 availability may still limit the rate of ammonia oxidation (autotrophic nitrification) in acidic forest soils even in the case of high NH 4 + input. Heterotrophic nitrification, however, may be favored if soil C/N ratios and pH decrease with N deposition and fertilization. The responses of denitrification and N 2 O emission to N deposition and fertilization in forests may be nonlinear, with a trend of stimulation in the short term but a decline over time, partly because soil pH has a contrast effect on denitrification capacity and N 2 O emission. Conclusions There are various effects of N deposition and fertilization on forest soil N transformations; thus, their responses to N deposition are still not well characterized and understood. N deposition-and fertilization-induced modifications in soil N transformations have important implications for N enrichment, N loss, and soil acidification in forest ecosystems. In the future, more research is required to investigate on dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) process and link microbial community characteristics and functions of microbial extracellular enzymes with these rate processes in forest soils to narrow the uncertainty in evaluating and predicting ecosystem responses to global N deposition.

show abstract

Section: General Characteristics Of Exogenous N-addition-induced Modimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Denitrification and N 2 O Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Denitrification and N 2 O Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of nitrogen deposition and fertilization on N transformations in forest soils: a review

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…S2e10; d). The low autotrophic nitrification rates in this acidic soil could be due to low ammonia (NH 3 ) availability (Zhang et al, 2012b;Levy-Booth et al, 2014) and high NH 4 þ immobilization (Vitousek and Reiners, 1982;Huygens et al, 2008). The low autotrophic nitrification potential ensures N retention, and reduces the risk of NO 3 À loss under enhanced NH 4 þ deposition.…”

Section: The Effects Of Nhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are nitrate production and retention processes in subtropical acidic forest soils responsive to ammonium deposition?

Gao

Kou

Yang

et al. 2016

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

N tracing model Acid soil of subtropical forest a b s t r a c tChanges in soil N-cycling and retention processes in subtropical/tropical acidic forest ecosystems under anthropogenic N inputs are not well understood. We conducted a laboratory 15 N tracing study on an acid soil (pH values: 4.6 to 5.0) from a subtropical forest fertilized for more than 2.5 years at a rate of 0, 40, and 120 kg NH 4 CleN ha À1 yr À1 , respectively. To get a better resolution of mechanistic changes in soil N cycling and retention processes under NH 4 þ additions, we used a conceptual 15 N tracing model to quantify process-specific and pool-specific N transformation rates in soils. Gross N mineralization rates decreased at high NH 4 þ additions, which were paralleled by a reduction in fungal biomass and mineralization of recalcitrant organic N. Gross NH 4 þ immobilization rates did not show a change with increasing NH 4 þ additions. Interestingly, soil NO 3 À production (heterotrophic, autotrophic, and gross nitrification) and retention (NO 3 À immobilization and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium) showed insensitivity to increasing additions of NH 4 þ . The mechanisms behind the lack of response of heterotrophic nitrification were unclear, but possibly related to the absence of significant changes in soil C: N ratio and soil acidity under increased NH 4 þ additions. Because of the low autotrophic nitrification potential and the lack of NH 4 þ limitation to autotrophic nitrifiers, autotrophic nitrification was unresponsive to NH 4 þ additions.NO 3 À immobilization rates appeared to be controlled by the NO 3 À produced from heterotrophic nitrification, as indicated by the positive relationship between NO 3 À immobilization and heterotrophic nitri-thus showing a lack of a change under increased NH 4 þ additions. DNRA seemed to be inherently less responsive to environmental changes such as NH 4 þ deposition. Our work demonstrates that enhanced NH 4 þ deposition has a low potential to stimulate soil NO 3 À production and weaken soil retention of NO 3 À in this, and perhaps other subtropical/tropical acidic forest ecosystems.

show abstract

Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Salt‐Affected Soils

E. Clay,

Lewis,

A. Clay

et al. 2024

ASA, CSSA, and SSSA Books

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microbial functional genes involved in nitrogen fixation, nitrification and denitrification in forest ecosystems

Cited by 592 publications

References 197 publications

Effects of nitrogen deposition and fertilization on N transformations in forest soils: a review

Effects of nitrogen deposition and fertilization on N transformations in forest soils: a review

Are nitrate production and retention processes in subtropical acidic forest soils responsive to ammonium deposition?

Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Salt‐Affected Soils

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About