Microbial hydrolytic enzymes: In silico studies between polar and tropical regions

Latip, Muhammad Asyraf Abd; Hamid, Azzmer Azzar Abdul; Nordin, Noor Faizul Hadry

doi:10.1016/j.polar.2019.04.003

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Although the catalytic activity of enzymes has been known to humans for many centuries, recent advances in the global biotechnology industry have enabled a wider use of these biocatalysts. Currently, hydrolytic enzymes are very popular and widely used [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the Proteolytic Enzymes Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria

et al. 2021

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Over the past several decades, we have observed a very rapid development in the biotechnological use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in various branches of the food industry. All such areas of activity of these bacteria are very important and promise enormous economic and industrial successes. LAB are a numerous group of microorganisms that have the ability to ferment sugars into lactic acid and to produce proteolytic enzymes. LAB proteolytic enzymes play an important role in supplying cells with the nitrogen compounds necessary for their growth. Their nutritional requirements in this regard are very high. Lactic acid bacteria require many free amino acids to grow. The available amount of such compounds in the natural environment is usually small, hence the main function of these enzymes is the hydrolysis of proteins to components absorbed by bacterial cells. Enzymes are synthesized inside bacterial cells and are mostly secreted outside the cell. This type of proteinase remains linked to the cell wall structure by covalent bonds. Thanks to advances in enzymology, it is possible to obtain and design new enzymes and their preparations that can be widely used in various biotechnological processes. This article characterizes the proteolytic activity, describes LAB nitrogen metabolism and details the characteristics of the peptide transport system. Potential applications of proteolytic enzymes in many industries are also presented, including the food industry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of the Proteolytic Enzymes Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria

et al. 2021

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“…In this case, crude enzymes extracted from SC8 and ROS8 strains showed significantly higher protease activity than positive control at a lower temperature but gradually decreased at the higher temperature. This showed that increasing the flexibility of the enzyme adversely affected its thermostability [35]. Cold active proteases have been extracted from various species of psychrophiles and the majority showed optimal activity at a temperature range between 30-40 ºC [36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Optimization of Growth Condition of the Bacteria Producing Cold-Active Proteolytic Enzyme from the Antarctic Region

Latip¹,

Nordin²,

Alias³

et al. 2023

IIUMEJ

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The growth conditions of bacteria producing cold-active protease isolated from an Antarctic sample were screened using one-factor-at-time (OFAT). Then, crude protease of the strain was extracted during the late logarithmic phase for enzymatic assay. A strain that showed the highest enzyme activity was selected for optimization via response surface method (RSM). The parameters studied were incubation temperature (4 – 36 °C), pH media (4 – 10) and NaCl concentration (0 – 8%). Based on the OFAT results, all eight strains showed the highest growth rate at 20 °C, pH 7 and 4% (w/v) NaCl. The assay showed that the crude enzyme extracted from strain SC8 exhibited significantly higher activity (0.20 U and 0.37 U) than the positive control (0.11 U and 0.31 U) at -20 °C and 20 °C. RSM suggested that the optimized setting for growth of SC8 were at 20.5 °C, pH 6.83 and 2.05% (w/v) of NaCl with the results of the bacterial growth rate value was 3.70 ± 0.06 x 106 cells/hr. Optimal growth conditions of SC8 from this study are useful for the large-scale production of cold-active protease in future. ABSTRAK: Keadaan pertumbuhan bakteria yang menghasilkan enzim protease aktif sejuk daripada sampel Antartika disaring menggunakan satu faktor pada masa (OFAT). Kemudian, enzim protease ini diekstrak pada lewat fasa logaritma untuk ujian enzimatik. Strain yang menunjukkan aktiviti enzim tertinggi telah dipilih untuk tujuan pengoptimuman melalui kaedah permukaan tindak balas (RSM). Parameter yang dikaji ialah suhu pengeraman (4 – 36 °C), pH media (4 – 10) dan kepekatan NaCl (0 – 8%). Berdasarkan OFAT, kesemua lapan bakteria menunjukkan kadar pertumbuhan tertinggi pada 20 °C, pH 7 dan 4% NaCl. Hasil ujian enzimatik menunjukkan bahawa enzim protease yang diekstrak daripada SC8 mempamerkan aktiviti yang jauh lebih tinggi (0.20 U dan 0.37 U) daripada kawalan positif (0.11 U dan 0.31 U) pada -20 °C dan 20 °C. RSM mencadangkan tetapan optimum untuk pertumbuhan SC8 adalah pada 20.5 °C, pH 6.83 dan 2.05% NaCl dengan keputusan kadar pertumbuhan bakteria ialah 3.70 ± 0.06 x 106 sel/jam. Keadaan pertumbuhan optimum SC8 daripada kajian ini bermanfaat untuk menghasilkan produk protease aktif sejuk secara besar-besaran pada masa hadapan. The growth conditions of bacteria producing cold-active protease isolated from an Antarctic sample were screened using one-factor-at-time (OFAT). Then, crude protease of the strain was extracted during the late logarithmic phase for enzymatic assay. A strain that showed the highest enzyme activity was selected for optimization via response surface method (RSM). The parameters studied were incubation temperature (4 – 36 °C), pH media (4 – 10) and NaCl concentration (0 – 8%). Based on the OFAT results, all eight strains showed the highest growth rate at 20 °C, pH 7 and 4% (w/v) NaCl. The assay showed that the crude enzyme extracted from strain SC8 exhibited significantly higher activity (0.20 U and 0.37 U) than the positive control (0.11 U and 0.31 U) at -20 °C and 20 °C. RSM suggested that the optimized setting for growth of SC8 were at 20.5 °C, pH 6.83 and 2.05% (w/v) of NaCl with the results of the bacterial growth rate value was 3.70 ± 0.06 x 106 cells/hr. Optimal growth conditions of SC8 from this study are useful for the large-scale production of cold-active protease in future. ABSTRAK: Keadaan pertumbuhan bakteria yang menghasilkan enzim protease aktif sejuk daripada sampel Antartika disaring menggunakan satu faktor pada masa (OFAT). Kemudian, enzim protease ini diekstrak pada lewat fasa logaritma untuk ujian enzimatik. Strain yang menunjukkan aktiviti enzim tertinggi telah dipilih untuk tujuan pengoptimuman melalui kaedah permukaan tindak balas (RSM). Parameter yang dikaji ialah suhu pengeraman (4 – 36 °C), pH media (4 – 10) dan kepekatan NaCl (0 – 8%). Berdasarkan OFAT, kesemua lapan bakteria menunjukkan kadar pertumbuhan tertinggi pada 20 °C, pH 7 dan 4% NaCl. Hasil ujian enzimatik menunjukkan bahawa enzim protease yang diekstrak daripada SC8 mempamerkan aktiviti yang jauh lebih tinggi (0.20 U dan 0.37 U) daripada kawalan positif (0.11 U dan 0.31 U) pada -20 °C dan 20 °C. RSM mencadangkan tetapan optimum untuk pertumbuhan SC8 adalah pada 20.5 °C, pH 6.83 dan 2.05% NaCl dengan keputusan kadar pertumbuhan bakteria ialah 3.70 ± 0.06 x 106 sel/jam. Keadaan pertumbuhan optimum SC8 daripada kajian ini bermanfaat untuk menghasilkan produk protease aktif sejuk secara besar-besaran pada masa hadapan.

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“…Based on an in silico study cold-active enzymes have many more advantages compared to mesophilic enzymes. It is concluded that this approach would be valuable for further research and application at the industrial level (Latip, Hamid & Nordin, 2019).…”

Section: Modify the Enzymes And Increase Their Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of biomass conversion: exploring new opportunities

Fülöp¹,

Ecker²

2020

PeerJ

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Recycling biomass is indispensable these days not only because fossil energy sources are gradually depleted, but also because pollution of the environment, caused by the increasing use of energy, must be reduced. This article intends to overview the results of plant biomass processing methods that are currently in use. Our aim was also to review published methods that are not currently in use. It is intended to explore the possibilities of new methods and enzymes to be used in biomass recycling. The results of this overview are perplexing in almost every area. Advances have been made in the pre-treatment of biomass and in the diversity and applications of the enzymes utilized. Based on molecular modeling, very little progress has been made in the modification of existing enzymes for altered function and adaptation for the environmental conditions during the processing of biomass. There are hardly any publications in which molecular modeling techniques are used to improve enzyme function and to adapt enzymes to various environmental conditions. Our view is that using modern computational, biochemical, and biotechnological methods would enable the purposeful design of enzymes that are more efficient and suitable for biomass processing.

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Microbial hydrolytic enzymes: In silico studies between polar and tropical regions

Cited by 10 publications

References 64 publications

Characteristics of the Proteolytic Enzymes Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria

Characteristics of the Proteolytic Enzymes Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria

The Optimization of Growth Condition of the Bacteria Producing Cold-Active Proteolytic Enzyme from the Antarctic Region

An overview of biomass conversion: exploring new opportunities

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