Microbial Inoculants: A Novel Approach for Better Plant Microbiome Interactions

Plant Growth Stimulation by Microbial Consortia

“…This is an important stage, since a higher number of species generally results in a higher number of interactions among the strains, therefore generating differences in metabolite secretions. On the other hand, the success of bacterial consortia under field conditions is dependent on the type and function of strains used, where some aspects require special attention, including adaptation to adverse climatic conditions, survival, and persistence in the soil after inoculation [50,52].…”

“…omy 2021, 11, x FOR PEER REVIEW 4 of 26 strategy for ameliorating drought [46], salinity [47], nutrient uptake [48], pests, and phytopathogenic infections [49] of agricultural crops. In addition, some bacterial consortia can fix nitrogen, transform some unavailable nutrients into an assimilable form, produce phytohormones, and chelate iron, which is important in maintaining soil quality and health; these can also reduce the negative effects of some conventional non-sustainable agricultural practices [50]. There are two types of bacterial consortia known-simple and complex.…”

Evaluation of Inoculation with Two Strains of Rhizobium Bacteria on some Growth and Yield Traits of Cowpea Plant in Gypsiferous Soil

“…, 27.66667) pod.plant -1 , while the control treatment gave an average of (27.66667) pod.plant -1 The reason for this is that nitrogen fertilizer plays an effective role in releasing nutrients and improving the physical and vital treatments of the soil, and this is consistent with what was mentioned by ( 12), and it is also due to the role of humic acids in improving vegetative growth and reducing food competition in gypsiferous soils that suffer from a deficiency. organic matter [8], As for the interaction treatment, it gave an average of (80) Qurna -1 seeds, while the fertilization treatment gave an average of (89.66666). Table 7.…”

“…Table (5) indicates the effect of inoculation with Bradyrhizobium vignae and the level of nitrogen fertilization (kg ha -1 ) and the interaction between them on the number of pods at the flowering stage of plant age (pod.plant -1 ) of cowpea plants, where the fertilized treatment was superior to the uninoculated one in the number of The pods of the cowpea plant gave the inoculated treatment of the nitrogen level (40 and (80) an average of (57) pod.plant -1 , compared to the control treatment, which gave an average of (26.999997) pod.plant -1 . The reason for this is due to the efficiency of inoculated, which increases the nitrogen fixation process and improves readiness Macro and micronutrients and the production of chelating compounds and plant hormones regulating the growth and production of leguminous crops and maintaining soil fertility as well as protecting the plant from environmental stress conditions [8], and these results are consistent with [1]. It was found that inoculated of cowpea plant with the local isolate Bradyrhizobium vignae led to an increase in the number of pods, as well as it is clear from Table 5 that the addition of nitrogen fertilizer has a significant effect in increasing the number of pods, where the treatment of overlap between inoculated and fertilization for the level (80,40) gave an average of (53,53) pod.plant -1 .While the control treatment gave the lowest rate of (2.666667) pod.plant -1 , and this superiority is due to its high content of nitrogen, which fixes nitrogen, which increases its concentration in the tissues of the cowpea plant, which is reflected in the increase in the number of pods.…”

Evaluation of Biofertilizers Prepared from Local Bacterial Isolates in the Growth and Yield of Cowpea in Gypsiferous Soil

“…It is possible to explain the giving of B. manausense bacteria the highest early yield of the plant to the high efficiency of this bacteria in nitrogen fixation and improving the available of macro-and micronutrients in addition to the element nitrogen and the production of some chelating compounds and plant hormones regulating the growth and production of leguminous crops and maintaining soil fertility as well as protecting the plant from environmental stress conditions All of the above helps the plant to give the highest rate of weight as indicated by [11]. These bacteria also have the ability to produce acetic acid indole, which increases the surface area of the roots, providing greater access to soil nutrients and thus increasing their concentrations within the plant, leading to improved productivity [5,6,12].…”