Microbial interactions on the phylloplane of wheat and barley after applications of mancozeb and triadimefon

Southwell, R. J.; Brown, J. F.; Welsby, Sara M.

doi:10.1071/ap99024

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…External factors, therefore, contribute to the diversity of species colonizing plant surfaces. Most of the saprophytic fungi identified on wheat kernels have also been reported from the cereal phylloplane (Southwell et al 1999;Perello et al 2002). Epicoccum sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of fungicides on the complex of Fusarium species and saprophytic fungi colonizing wheat kernels

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fusarium head blight of wheat, often associated with mycotoxin contamination of food and feed is caused by various Fusarium species. The efficacy of fungicide sprays for the control of the disease and mycotoxins varies from being highly effective to even increasing mycotoxin levels. The potential role of antagonistic fungi in this variability was investigated assessing sensitivity of Fusarium species and saprophytic fungi colonizing wheat kernels to fungicides. Saprophytes were tested for their antagonistic activity to the prevalent Fusarium species Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium graminearum, and Fusarium poae. Fungal isolates from mature winter wheat kernels were Alternaria alternata, Arthrinium sp., Aspergillus niger, Epicoccum sp., Microdochium spp., Rhizopus oryzae and Trichoderma sp. In dual culture A. niger, R. oryzae and Trichoderma hamatum were more effective in reducing mycelial growth of Fusarium species than Microdochium majus; A. alternata and Epicoccum sp. were ineffective because of slow growth rates. Saprophytic fungi were sensitive to triazoles; however, prothioconazole and tebuconazole had stronger effects on mycelial growth of Fusarium species. ED 50 values also indicated significant differences in the sensitivity of Fusarium species to triazoles (range 0.1-1.7 mg l −1 ). Azoxystrobin and fluoxastrobin were largely ineffective in inhibiting in vitro growth of Fusarium spp.; sensitivity of the other fungi was generally lower, except for M. majus which was highly sensitive. Due to differences in fungicide sensitivity among Fusarium spp. and ear-colonizing fungi antagonistic to Fusarium spp. fungicides are likely to modify the balance within the mycoflora of wheat ears which may also affect the mycotoxin contamination of grain.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…and Chaetomium globosum prevailed. According to Southwell et al (1999), A. alternata, C. albidus and E. niger are common in the fungal population of wheat and barley phylloplanes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fungicides on the complex of Fusarium species and saprophytic fungi colonizing wheat kernels

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This suggests that in addition to its fungi- However, Southwell, Brown, and Welsby (1999) reported minimal impact of application of the fungicides mancozeb and triadimefon on the numbers of bacteria associated with barley foliage in a culture-based study. This suggests that in addition to its fungi- However, Southwell, Brown, and Welsby (1999) reported minimal impact of application of the fungicides mancozeb and triadimefon on the numbers of bacteria associated with barley foliage in a culture-based study.…”

Section: Effects On Bacterial and Fungal Microbiomementioning

confidence: 91%

“…Higher Chao1 in fresh forage barley and aerobically exposed silage for UN than FR was indicative of greater number of bacterial species in UN relative to FR. This suggests that in addition to its fungi- However, Southwell, Brown, and Welsby (1999) reported minimal impact of application of the fungicides mancozeb and triadimefon on the numbers of bacteria associated with barley foliage in a culture-based study. Gu et al (2010) reported that application of the fungicide enostoburin resulted in a shift in bacterial communities in wheat foliage.…”

Section: Effects On Bacterial and Fungal Microbiomementioning

confidence: 91%

Impact of field fungal contamination of barley on ensiling properties, nutritional quality and the microbiome of barley silage

Nair

Turkington

Blackshaw

et al. 2019

Grass and Forage Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Barley varieties of differing fungal disease resistance were grown in triplicate plots at Lacombe and Lethbridge, Alberta with the disease resistant variety (FR) sprayed with a foliar fungicide to maximize differences in field fungal disease. Both varieties were harvested at soft dough and ensiled in minisilos to assess differences in fungal contamination on ensiling properties, nutritional quality, aerobic stability and associated bacterial and fungal microbiomes. Data were analysed as repeated measures with the effect of treatment × time (duration of ensiling or aerobic exposure) included in the model. The percentage leaf area diseased by net form net blotch was higher (p < 0.05) in the untreated barley cv. Sundre (UN, 59.1% leaf area affected at Lacombe and 25.2% at Lethbridge) than in the FR barley cv. Chigwell (0.7% leaf area affected at Lacombe and 0.1% at Lethbridge). Fungal resistant barley had a lower (p < 0.01) acid and neutral detergent fibre content. Relative abundance of Xanthomonadales was higher (p = 0.02) for FR than UN, while Lactobacillales dominated the bacterial microbiome after 60 day of ensiling in both silages. Bacillales dominated both FR and UN after 21 day of aerobic exposure. Fungal resistant fresh barley forage had a tendency (p = 0.10) for a greater relative abundance of Pleosporales, while UN had higher (p < 0.01) Hypocreales. Mould counts were lower (p = 0.01) for FR than UN after 7 day of ensiling. Fungal resistant barley had minimal influence on the fungal community that contributed to the aerobic deterioration of barley silage.

show abstract

“…MZ, one of the most important DTC, is widely used in crop and vineyard to control phytopathogenic fungi. As a side effect, MZ significantly affects biodiversity of yeast populations on leaves of different plants (Southwell et al 1999), and fungicide residues, still present at grape harvest, can pass into the wine-must and affect yeast activity during the fermentation (Cabras and Angioni 2000). Prolonged and repeated uses of different fungicides may result in the build up of fungicide resistance in target fungi populations (Parnell et al 2006) and also in non-target yeasts (Buck and Burpee 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of mancozeb and other dithiocarbamate fungicides on Saccharomyces cerevisiae: the role of mitochondrial petite mutants in dithiocarbamate tolerance

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Saccharomyces cerevisiae as model system was used to evaluate the occurrence of resistant mutants and adaptation mechanism to mancozeb (MZ), a widespread fungicide of the dithiocarbamate class with a broad spectrum of action and multiple cell targets. We were unable to isolate mutants resistant to inhibitory concentration of MZ but found an unusually large number of mitochondrial defective petite mutants among cells incubated in the presence of subinhibitory MZ concentration. Similar results were obtained with two other dithiocarbamate fungicides. Comparison of wild type and petite mutants showed that the latter were more resistant to toxic effects of MZ, highlighting the role of mitochondria in MZ-tolerance. The data suggest that petite cells, arising by exposure to sub-inhibitory MZ concentration, are not induced by fungicides but are spontaneous mutants already present in the population before the contact with the fungicide.

show abstract

Microbial interactions on the phylloplane of wheat and barley after applications of mancozeb and triadimefon

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of fungicides on the complex of Fusarium species and saprophytic fungi colonizing wheat kernels

Effect of fungicides on the complex of Fusarium species and saprophytic fungi colonizing wheat kernels

Impact of field fungal contamination of barley on ensiling properties, nutritional quality and the microbiome of barley silage

Effects of mancozeb and other dithiocarbamate fungicides on Saccharomyces cerevisiae: the role of mitochondrial petite mutants in dithiocarbamate tolerance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About