Microbial Metabolism of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Cerniglia, Carl E.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2164(08)70052-2

Cited by 468 publications

(268 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…1 PAH are metabolized by a large number of enzymes in bacteria, fungi, and algae and by cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases in eukaryotic cells. 2 Cometabolic transformation of these compounds is found in all organisms, whereas complete metabolization leading to biomass and carbon dioxide is described only for bacteria.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Results and Integrated Modeling of Bacterial Growth on an Insoluble Hydrophobic Substrate (Phenanthrene)

Adam

Rein

Miltner

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Metabolism of a low-solubility substrate is limited by dissolution and availability and can hardly be determined. We developed a numerical model for simultaneously calculating dissolution kinetics of such substrates and their metabolism and microbial growth (Monod kinetics with decay) and tested it with three aerobic phenanthrene (PHE) degraders: Novosphingobium pentaromativorans US6-1, Sphingomonas sp. EPA505, and Sphingobium yanoikuyae B1. PHE was present as microcrystals, providing non-limiting conditions for growth. Total PHE and protein concentration were tracked over 6–12 days. The model was fitted to the test results for the rates of dissolution, metabolism, and growth. The strains showed similar efficiency, with v max values of 12–18 g dw g–1 d–1, yields of 0.21 g g–1, maximum growth rates of 2.5–3.8 d–1, and decay rates of 0.04–0.05 d–1. Sensitivity analysis with the model shows that (i) retention in crystals or NAPLs or by sequestration competes with biodegradation, (ii) bacterial growth conditions (dissolution flux and resulting chemical activity of substrate) are more relevant for the final state of the system than the initial biomass, and (iii) the desorption flux regulates the turnover in the presence of solid-state, sequestered (aged), or NAPL substrate sources.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Results and Integrated Modeling of Bacterial Growth on an Insoluble Hydrophobic Substrate (Phenanthrene)

Adam

Rein

Miltner

et al. 2014

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…It was thought that microbial degradation of PAHs is an oxidationreduction reaction, in which the hydrocarbons are oxidized coupling with electron flow to electron acceptors (Lovley et al 1994;Lovley et al 1996a). Numerous aerobic PAHdegrading bacteria have been isolated and the degradation pathways have been successfully elucidated (Cerniglia 1984;Meckenstock et al 2004;Haritash and Kaushik 2009). However, the PAHs-contaminated sites are usually anaerobic, and anaerobic degradation may make a more important contribution to PAHs natural attenuation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaerobic degradation of phenanthrene by a newly isolated humus-reducing bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAH-1

Wang

et al. 2011

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose The anaerobic degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has great significance to PAHs' natural attenuation in contaminated sites. Previous studies mainly focused on anaerobic PAH degradation by mixed cultures with nitrate, sulfate, or Fe(III) oxides as electron acceptors, and the roles of pure cultures in the process was rarely reported. The aim of this paper is to isolate a pure culture that is capable of degrading phenanthrene anaerobically with anthraquinone-2,6-disulphonate (AQDS) as the sole electron acceptor and evaluate its environmental functions. Materials and methods A strain of pure culture was isolated from anodic solution of a microbial fuel cell via enrichment procedure with phenanthrene and AQDS under anaerobic conditions. Using the single colony isolation technique, a distinct colony was obtained and identified by the phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis. Its ability to reduce AQDS and degrade phenanthrene was conducted in serum bottles by standard anaerobic techniques (purged with 80% N 2 −20% CO 2 ). The concentration of AH 2 QDS and fructose was quantified by UV-vis spectrophotometer at 450 and 210 nm, respectively. Cells number was determined by direct plate counting on aerobic LB agar medium. The concentration of phenanthrene was determined using HPLC. Results and discussion Strain PAH-1 was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It could oxidize fructose or glucose to reduce AQDS and can support microbial growth by conserving energy from fructose to AQDS. It has the ability to degrade phenanthrene directly with AQDS as the sole electron acceptor (46.5% removal), and the microbial process may be AQDS dependent. The addition of small organic substances (fructose) could enhance the anaerobic biodegradation of phenanthrene from 46.5% to 56.7%. The anaerobic degradation of phenanthrene fits the pseudo-firstorder kinetics, giving the rate constants of 0.0233/day (R 2 =0.934) and 0.0328/day (R 2 =0.933) for non-fructose set and fructose set, respectively. Conclusions We successfully isolated a facultative anaerobe, P. aeruginosa strain PAH-1. This study was the first paper reporting that a pure culture (strain PAH-1) has the ability to anaerobically degrade phenanthrene with AQDS as the sole electron acceptor. The finding also explores the environmental significance of the Pseudomonas genus.

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“…This probably explains why the two isolates not only grew on and hence metabolised naphthalene, which is considered the simplest and hence, the easiest of all polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to degrade, but also to some extent degraded other recalcitrant aromatic compounds that belonged to other classification groups. The ability of Pseudomonas and Burkholderia species to degrade naphthalene and other PAHs has been reported by several workers (Catterall et al, 1971;Cerniglia, 1984;Heitkamp et al, 1987;Mueller et al, 1990;Kastner et al, 1994;Mueller et al, 1997;Bosch et al, 2000;Jonsen et al, 2002;Jonsen et al, 2005). In all the cases, the ability of the microorganisms to solely utilize the PAH substrates as sources of both carbon and energy were emphasized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Isolation and characterization of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degrading bacteria from Nsukka soils in Nigeria

Nnamchi

Obeta

Ezeogu

2006

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Twenty-four bacteria capable of utilizing naphthalene, as their sole source of carbon and energy for growth were isolated from three different sites in Nsukka, Nigeria. By standard bacteriological methods, these bacteria were characterized taxonomically as belonging to the genus Pseudomonas, Burkholderia or Actinomycetes. Two of the isolates, which showed the highest growth during screening as demonstrated by an increase in their optical densities (OD 600 ) and identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cepacia respectively, were also able to grow in anthracene and carbazole, but not very much so in 2,4-dichlorophenol and D-camphor. The isolates showed a concentration-dependent growth in all the compounds they grew in. There were visible changes in the colour of the growth medium of the isolates during their incubation, suggesting the production of different metabolites. There were also changes in their medium pH during growth. These studies demonstrate the possession by the bacterial species of novel degradative systems.

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Microbial Metabolism of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Cited by 468 publications

References 146 publications

Experimental Results and Integrated Modeling of Bacterial Growth on an Insoluble Hydrophobic Substrate (Phenanthrene)

Experimental Results and Integrated Modeling of Bacterial Growth on an Insoluble Hydrophobic Substrate (Phenanthrene)

Anaerobic degradation of phenanthrene by a newly isolated humus-reducing bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAH-1

Isolation and characterization of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degrading bacteria from Nsukka soils in Nigeria

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