Microbial N turnover processes in three forest soil layers following clear cutting of an N saturated mature spruce stand

Matejek, B.; Huber, Christian; Dannenmann, Michael; Kohlpaintner, Michael; Gasché, Rainer; Papen, H.

doi:10.1007/s11104-010-0503-2

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Thus, total net N uptake by plants may amount to 52-80 kg N ha À1 year À1 , which is several times higher than the growing season net N mineralization at ungrazed plots of 20.2 kg N ha À1 year À1 determined in this study for the uppermost 10 cm of the soil. Further net inorganic N production may have occurred in deeper soil layers, however is expected to strongly decline with deeper soil horizons (Matejek et al 2010). This imbalance between net N mineralization and net plant N uptake may be related to plant acquisition of organic N (Näsholm et al 2009) as well as to successful competition for bioavailable N of plants over microorganisms in the rhizosphere Bennett 2004, Chapman et al 2006).…”

Section: Grazing Effects On N Turnovermentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality of soil microbial nitrogen turnover in continental steppe soils of Inner Mongolia

Dannenmann

Wolf

et al. 2012

Ecosphere

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). Four different seasons with characteristic functional patterns of N turnover were identified: (1) Growing season dynamics as characterized by drying/rewetting cycles and negatively correlated temporal courses of net microbial growth and periods with intensive gross ammonification, contributing 40-52% and 29-32% to cumulative annual gross ammonification and nitrification, respectively. Net N mineralization was almost exclusively observed during the growing season. (2) Microbial N dynamics during the autumn freeze-thaw period was characterized by a sharp decline in microbial biomass in conjunction with a peak of gross nitrification contributing 19-36% to cumulative annual fluxes. (3) During winter at constantly frozen soil, a net build-up of microbial biomass was observed, whereas gross N turnover rates were low, contributing 7-10% and 6-11% to cumulative annual gross ammonification or gross nitrification, respectively. (4) The spring freeze-thaw period showed extremely dynamic changes in gross N turnover and soil nitrate concentrations. This period contributed 34-44% and 21-46% to cumulative annual gross ammonification and nitrification, respectively. This study highlights that freeze-thaw cycles are key periods for understanding patterns and magnitudes of gross N turnover in semi-arid continental steppe ecosystems. The results further imply that the observed patterns of microbial biomass and gross N turnover dynamics are likely the consequence of a seasonal succession of microbial communities and turnover of microbial biomass. Our findings emphasize the necessity for high resolution studies on gross N turnover as a prerequisite to infer functioning and annual budgets of ecosystem N cycling.

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Section: Grazing Effects On N Turnovermentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality of soil microbial nitrogen turnover in continental steppe soils of Inner Mongolia

Dannenmann

Wolf

et al. 2012

Ecosphere

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“…Both forest ecosystems show negative net N mineralization in the upper 5 cm of the mineral soil (Table 2) indicating that N is still in scarcity. However, these data stem from only one sample, spatial variation is high, and N mineralization in the deeper mineral soil is not taken into account though N cycling may be important there (Matejek et al 2010). A number of authors (see Gundersen et al 2006) suggested to use the N content in needles of conifers as an indicator for and IPII (right) together with biweekly precipitation (P 0 ) sums and mean biweekly SWE averaged over the study period N saturation.…”

Section: Annual Budgets N Status and Nitrate Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differences in soil depth, the soil at IP I is about three times deeper than at IP II, and N cycling in the mineral are other important factors for the different leaching rates of IP I and IP II. Matejek et al (2010) showed that NO 3 − production in the mineral soil can even be higher than in the organic soil layer. We hypothesize that whereas meltwater in the homogenous shallow soils of IP II simply drains into the karst system, the snow melt at IP I causes the water table to rise so that water from stagnic patches (see Electronic supplementary material) that are enriched in N swap over to patches of shallow soils, from where water enters the karst system.…”

Section: Annual Budgets N Status and Nitrate Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Leaching of Two Forest Ecosystems in a Karst Watershed

Jost

Dirnböck

Grabner

et al. 2010

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Karst watersheds are a major source of drinking water in the European Alps. These watersheds exhibit quick response times and low residence times, which might make karst aquifers more vulnerable to elevated nitrogen (N) deposition than nonkarst watersheds. We summarize 13 years of monitoring NO 3 − , NH 4 + , and total N in two forest ecosystems, a Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forest on Cambisols/Stagnosols (IP I) and a mixed beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) spruce forest on Leptosols (IP II). N fluxes are calculated by multiplying concentrations, measured in biweekly intervals, with hydrological fluxes predicted from a hydrological model. The total N deposition in the throughfall amounts to 26.8 and 21.1 kg/ha/year in IP I and IP II, respectively, which is high compared to depositions found in other European forest ecosystems. While the shallow Leptosols at IP II accumulated on average 9.2 kg/ha/year of N between 1999 and 2006, the N budgets of the Cambisols/Stagnosols at IP I were equaled over the study period but show high inter-annual variation. Between 1999 and 2006, on average, 9 kg/ha/year of DON and 20 kg/ha/year of DIN were output with seepage water of IP I but only 4.5 kg/ha/year of DON and 7.7 kg/ha/year of DIN at IP II. Despite high DIN leaching, neither IP I nor IP II showed further signs of N saturation in their organic layer C/N ratios, N mineralization, or leaf N content. The N budget over all years was dominated by a few extreme output events. Nitrate leaching rates at both forest ecosystems correlated the most with years of above average snow accumulation (but only for IP I this correlation is statistically significant). Both snow melt and total annual precipitation were most important drivers of DON leaching. IP I and IP II showed comparable temporal patterns of both concentrations and flux rates but exhibited differences in magnitudes: DON, NO 3 − , and NH 4 + inputs peak in spring, NH 4 + showed an additional peak in autumn; the bulk of the annual NO 3 − and DON output occurred in spring; DON, NO 3 − , and NH 4 + output rates during winter months were low. The high DIN leaching at IP I was related to snow cover effects on N mineralization and soil hydrology. From the year 2004 onwards, disproportional NO 3 − leaching occurred at both plots. This was possibly caused by the exceptionally dry year 2003 and a small-scale bark beetle infestation (at IP I), in addition to snow cover effects. This study shows that both forest ecosystems Water Air Soil Pollut (2011) 218:633-649

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“…The soil microbial community, which affects the soil N cycle [8], is less active in this freeze-thawing area. The application of chemical N is a basic agricultural practice in worldwide, which causes excessive discharge of N to the aquatic environment [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Dryland Soil Hydrological Processes and Their Impacts on the Nitrogen Balance in a Soil-Maize System of a Freeze-Thawing Agricultural Area

et al. 2014

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Understanding the fates of soil hydrological processes and nitrogen (N) is essential for optimizing the water and N in a dryland crop system with the goal of obtaining a maximum yield. Few investigations have addressed the dynamics of dryland N and its association with the soil hydrological process in a freeze-thawing agricultural area. With the daily monitoring of soil water content and acquisition rates at 15, 30, 60 and 90 cm depths, the soil hydrological process with the influence of rainfall was identified. The temporal-vertical soil water storage analysis indicated the local albic soil texture provided a stable soil water condition for maize growth with the rainfall as the only water source. Soil storage water averages at 0–20, 20–40 and 40–60 cm were observed to be 490.2, 593.8, and 358 m3 ha−1, respectively, during the growing season. The evapo-transpiration (ET), rainfall, and water loss analysis demonstrated that these factors increased in same temporal pattern and provided necessary water conditions for maize growth in a short period. The dry weight and N concentration of maize organs (root, leaf, stem, tassel, and grain) demonstrated the N accumulation increased to a peak in the maturity period and that grain had the most N. The maximum N accumulative rate reached about 500 mg m−2d−1 in leaves and grain. Over the entire growing season, the soil nitrate N decreased by amounts ranging from 48.9 kg N ha−1 to 65.3 kg N ha−1 over the 90 cm profile and the loss of ammonia-N ranged from 9.79 to 12.69 kg N ha−1. With soil water loss and N balance calculation, the N usage efficiency (NUE) over the 0–90 cm soil profile was 43%. The soil hydrological process due to special soil texture and the temporal features of rainfall determined the maize growth in the freeze-thawing agricultural area.

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Microbial N turnover processes in three forest soil layers following clear cutting of an N saturated mature spruce stand

Cited by 6 publications

References 66 publications

Seasonality of soil microbial nitrogen turnover in continental steppe soils of Inner Mongolia

Seasonality of soil microbial nitrogen turnover in continental steppe soils of Inner Mongolia

Nitrogen Leaching of Two Forest Ecosystems in a Karst Watershed

Dryland Soil Hydrological Processes and Their Impacts on the Nitrogen Balance in a Soil-Maize System of a Freeze-Thawing Agricultural Area

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