Microbial nutrient limitation and catalytic adjustments revealed from a long‐term nutrient restriction experiment

Kumar, Amit; Pausch, Johanna

doi:10.1002/sae2.12015

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The microbial necromass accumulation was more pronounced in soils with larger initial SOC contents, especially for bacterial necromass (Figure 4). When the SOC content is less than 1%, C sequestration is inefficient because soil microorganisms maintain high respiratory losses to acquire limiting nutrients (Clayton et al, 2021) decreasing the growth for resource acquisition (Kumar & Pausch, 2022; Malik et al, 2019). Conversely, the turnover rate of living biomass and the retention rate of microbial necromass may be higher in SOC‐rich soils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial necromass in cropland soils: A global meta‐analysis of management effects

Zhou

Liu

Dungait

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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Microbial necromass is a large and persistent component of soil organic carbon (SOC), especially under croplands. The effects of cropland management on microbial necromass accumulation and its contribution to SOC have been measured in individual studies but have not yet been summarized on the global scale. We conducted a metaanalysis of 481-paired measurements from cropland soils to examine the management effects on microbial necromass and identify the optimal conditions for its accumulation. Nitrogen fertilization increased total microbial necromass C by 12%, cover crops by 14%, no or reduced tillage (NT/RT) by 20%, manure by 21%, and straw amendment by 21%. Microbial necromass accumulation was independent of biochar addition. NT/ RT and straw amendment increased fungal necromass and its contribution to SOC more than bacterial necromass. Manure increased bacterial necromass higher than fungal, leading to decreased ratio of fungal-to-bacterial necromass. Greater microbial necromass increases after straw amendments were common under semi-arid and in cool climates in soils with pH <8, and were proportional to the amount of straw input.In contrast, NT/RT increased microbial necromass mainly under warm and humid climates. Manure application increased microbial necromass irrespective of soil properties and climate. Management effects were especially strong when applied during medium (3-10 years) to long (10+ years) periods to soils with larger initial SOC contents, but were absent in sandy soils. Close positive links between microbial biomass, necromass and SOC indicate the important role of stabilized microbial products for C accrual. Microbial necromass contribution to SOC increment (accumulation efficiency) under NT/RT, cover crops, manure and straw amendment ranged from 45% to 52%, which was 9%-16% larger than under N fertilization. In summary, long-term cropland management increases SOC by enhancing microbial necromass accumulation, and optimizing microbial necromass accumulation and its contribution to SOC sequestration requires site-specific management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial necromass in cropland soils: A global meta‐analysis of management effects

Zhou

Liu

Dungait

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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“…We also measured the potential activity of the phosphomonoesterase (PHO EXU ) enzyme in the exudation solution by using a fluorogenic artificial substrate (Marx, Wood & Jarvis 2001;Kumar & Pausch 2022). For this, frozen exudate solutions were allowed to thaw first at 4 °C and later at room temperature.…”

Section: Collection Of Root Exudates and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of domestication syndrome in barley for above- and belowground plant traits and microbial interactions

Kumar

Кузнецова

Gschwendtner

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Domestication and intensive management practices have significantly shaped characteristics of modern crops. However, our understanding of domestication’s impact had mainly focused on aboveground plant traits, neglecting root and rhizospheric traits, as well as trait-trait interactions and root-microbial interactions. To address this knowledge gap, we grew modern ( Hordeum vulgare L. var. Barke) and wild barley ( H. spontaneum K. Koch var. spontaneum) in large rhizoboxes. We manipulated soil microbiome by comparing disturbed (sterilized soil inoculum, DSM) versus non-disturbed (non-sterilized inoculum, NSM) microbiome Results showed that modern barley grew faster and increased organic-carbon exudation (OC ) compared to wild barley. Interestingly, both barley species exhibited accelerated root growth and enhanced OC under DSM, indicating their ability to partially compensate and exploit the soil resources independently of microbes if need be. Plant trait network analysis revealed that modern barley had a denser, larger, and less modular network than wild barley indicating domestication’s impact on trait coordination. Further, soil microbiome influenced specific network parameters. While the relative abundance of bacteria didn’t vary between wild and modern barley rhizospheres, species-specific core bacteria were identified, with stronger effects under DSM. Overall, our findings highlight domestication-driven shifts in root traits, trait coordination, and their modulation by the soil microbiome.

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Shifts in plant functional trait dynamics in relation to soil microbiome in modern and wild barley

Kumar,

Kuznetsova,

Gschwendtner

et al. 2024

Plants People Planet

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Societal Impact StatementUnderstanding domestication's impact on crop root traits and interactions with soil microbiomes is vital for improving crop resilience and agricultural sustainability. Using this knowledge to enhance root systems, reduce chemical inputs, and adapt crops to environmental stress will help to increase global food production, promote eco‐friendly farming, and mitigate the effects of climate change. Additionally, identifying microorganisms specific to plant species may help in biodiversity conservation. Advancing scientific understanding and educating future generations on the intricate relationships between plants, soil, and microorganisms is integral to developing innovative, sustainable agricultural practices and improved food security.Summary Domestication and intensive management practices have significantly shaped characteristics of modern crops. However, our understanding of domestication's impact had mainly focused on aboveground plant traits, neglecting root and rhizospheric traits, as well as trait–trait interactions and root‐microbial interactions. To address this knowledge gap, we grew modern (Hordeum vulgare L. var. Barke) and wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum K. Koch var. spontaneum) in large rhizoboxes. We manipulated the soil microbiome by comparing disturbed (sterilized soil inoculum, DSM) versus non‐disturbed (non‐sterilized inoculum, NSM) microbiome. Results showed that modern barley grew faster and increased organic‐carbon exudation (OCEXU) compared to wild barley. Both barley species exhibited accelerated root growth and enhanced OCEXU under DSM, indicating their ability to partially compensate and exploit the soil resources independently of microbes if need be. Plant trait network analysis revealed that modern barley had a denser, larger, and less modular network of microbes than wild barley indicating domestication's impact on trait–trait coordination. In addition, the relative abundance of bacteria did not vary between wild and modern barley rhizospheres; however, species‐specific unique bacteria were identified, with stronger effects under DSM. Overall, our findings highlight domestication‐driven shifts in root traits, trait coordination, and their modulation by the soil microbiome.

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Microbial nutrient limitation and catalytic adjustments revealed from a long‐term nutrient restriction experiment

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Microbial necromass in cropland soils: A global meta‐analysis of management effects

Microbial necromass in cropland soils: A global meta‐analysis of management effects

Implications of domestication syndrome in barley for above- and belowground plant traits and microbial interactions

Shifts in plant functional trait dynamics in relation to soil microbiome in modern and wild barley

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