Microbial Surface Contamination After Standard Operating Room Cleaning Practices Following Surgical Treatment of Infection

Balkissoon, Rishi; Nayfeh, Tariq A.; Adams, Kerri; Belkoff, Stephen M.; Riedel, Stefan; Mears, Simon C.

doi:10.3928/01477447-20140401-53

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…21 A recent study from the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA, measured microbial surface contamination from different surfaces in operating rooms after standard operating room turnover (without deep cleaning between infected and non-infected cases). 22 No significant difference was found in microbial colony counts between infected and non-infected cases and no relationship was found between organisms isolated from infected cases and those from operating-room surfaces. Furthermore, the largest colony count from both groups (0.08 cfu/cm 2 ) was much less than the proposed 5-cfu/cm 2 thresholds for surface hygiene in hospitals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Hip fracture surgery in mixed-use emergency theatres: is the infection risk increased? A retrospective matched cohort study

Agarwal

Khan

Solan

et al. 2017

annals

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Introduction The National Institute of Health and Care Excellence recommends that people with hip fracture should have surgery on the day of, or the day after, admission. However, there remains unacceptable variation in performance around the country, with a range of 13-91% of patients meeting this target. Dedicated trauma lists have insufficient capacity in many hospitals. We occasionally employ a mixed-use emergency theatre to facilitate early surgery. Increased risk of infection has been raised as a concern owing to microbial surface contamination from a preceding unclean case and lack of laminar flow in these theatres. The objective of this study was to investigate whether there is an increased risk of surgical site infections in patients who had hip fracture surgery in a mixed-use emergency theatre. Methods Between August 2010 and July 2014, 74 patients had hip fracture surgery in a mixed-use emergency theatre without laminar flow. This group was compared with a control group of patients who had hip fracture surgery in dedicated orthopaedic theatres with laminar flow. Infection was the primary outcome measured. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of infection, length of stay or 30-day mortality, readmission or reoperation rates between the two groups. Conclusions Operating on hip fractures in mixed-use theatre did not lead to an increase in infection or other complications in our series. We feel that the risk of infection can be balanced against advantages of timely operation and it may therefore be justified to use these theatres when faced with lack of time on the trauma list. A much larger series would be required to investigate the effects of confounders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Hip fracture surgery in mixed-use emergency theatres: is the infection risk increased? A retrospective matched cohort study

Agarwal

Khan

Solan

et al. 2017

annals

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“…In three studies investigating performance of a noninfected procedure (ie, Class I or II) after an infected procedure (ie, Class III or IV), no differences in infection rates 3 or environmental contamination 4,5 were found. In the first study, 83 patients who underwent arthroplasty procedures in an OR that had been used recently for a patient with a known infection were compared with 321 similar patients (ie, demographics, surgery type) who underwent surgery in an OR that had not been used recently for a patient with an infection (ie, control group).…”

Section: Performing Clean and Contaminated Procedures Consecutivelymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Additionally, they measured the length of time, room humidity, room temperature, number of air exchanges, and room turnover time for each procedure. There were no significant differences between the infected and noninfected procedures in surface colony counts or any of the aforementioned variables, leading the authors to conclude that if standard between‐procedure cleaning is performed, there is no need for additional cleaning after an infected procedure 4 …”

Section: Performing Clean and Contaminated Procedures Consecutivelymentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Issues — September 2023

deKay

2023

AORN Journal

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“…Other researchers have found out that the application of a cyanoacrylate-based skin sealant, called InteguSeal, seems to be beneficial during trauma surgery albeit without the results being conclusive [ 61 ]. At any rate, the standard operating room cleaning practices are most likely efficient in dealing with both infectious as well as non-infectious cases, as demonstrated by Balkissoon et al [ 62 ] whose results suggest that conducting surgery on the former type of patient does not compromise a subsequent surgery on the latter that is conducted in the same room.…”

Section: Microbial Infections In Orthopedic Prosthesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Biomaterials in 3D Printing as a Solution to Microbial Infections in Arthroplasty and Osseous Reconstruction

Periferakis,

Troumpata

et al. 2024

Biomimetics

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The incidence of microbial infections in orthopedic prosthetic surgeries is a perennial problem that increases morbidity and mortality, representing one of the major complications of such medical interventions. The emergence of novel technologies, especially 3D printing, represents a promising avenue of development for reducing the risk of such eventualities. There are already a host of biomaterials, suitable for 3D printing, that are being tested for antimicrobial properties when they are coated with bioactive compounds, such as antibiotics, or combined with hydrogels with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, such as chitosan and metal nanoparticles, among others. The materials discussed in the context of this paper comprise beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), hydroxyapatite, lithium disilicate glass, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF), poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC), and zirconia. While the recent research results are promising, further development is required to address the increasing antibiotic resistance exhibited by several common pathogens, the potential for fungal infections, and the potential toxicity of some metal nanoparticles. Other solutions, like the incorporation of phytochemicals, should also be explored. Incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) in the development of certain orthopedic implants and the potential use of AI against bacterial infections might represent viable solutions to these problems. Finally, there are some legal considerations associated with the use of biomaterials and the widespread use of 3D printing, which must be taken into account.

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Microbial Surface Contamination After Standard Operating Room Cleaning Practices Following Surgical Treatment of Infection

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Hip fracture surgery in mixed-use emergency theatres: is the infection risk increased? A retrospective matched cohort study

Hip fracture surgery in mixed-use emergency theatres: is the infection risk increased? A retrospective matched cohort study

Clinical Issues — September 2023

Use of Biomaterials in 3D Printing as a Solution to Microbial Infections in Arthroplasty and Osseous Reconstruction

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