Microbial Symphony: Navigating the Intricacies of the Human Oral Microbiome and Its Impact on Health

Abstract

This comprehensive review delves into the forefront of research on the human oral microbiome, exploring recent advancements that span microbial colonization, state-of-the-art detection methodologies, and the complex interplay involved in disease progression. Through an exhaustive analysis of the contemporary literature, we illuminate the dynamic orchestration of microbial communities within the oral cavity, underscoring their pivotal role in health and disease. Cutting-edge detection techniques, including metagenomics and high-throughput sequencing, are discussed regarding their transformative impact on understanding the intricacies of oral microbial ecosystems. As we stand on the cusp of a new decade, this review anticipates a paradigm shift in the field, emphasizing the potential for rapid identification and targeted management of detrimental oral microorganisms. Insights gained from this exploration not only contribute to our fundamental understanding of the oral microbiome but also hold promise for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies to maintain oral health. This article aims to serve as a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and public health professionals engaged in unraveling the mysteries of the microbial symphony within the human oral cavity.

Supra- and Subgingival Microbiome in Gingivitis and Impact of Biofilm Control: A Comprehensive Review

“…In the current era of microbiology, next-generation sequencing is a major breakthrough in periodontal research, expanding our understanding of the role of both cultured and uncultured bacteria. In contrast to targeted methods, such as PCR, checkerboard DNA hybridization, or microarrays, which do not permit the identification of previously undiscovered species, high-throughput sequencing technology has the capacity to detect the presence of virtually all microorganisms [ 31 ], thereby representing a truly non-targeted method. This makes high-throughput sequencing-based studies, such as metabarcoding and shotgun metagenomics, very suitable to provide the most comprehensive insight into the changes occurring in the supra- and subgingival microbiome of biofilm-induced gingivitis.…”