Microbiologic Diagnosis of Lung Infection

Banaei, Niaz; Deresinski, Stanley C.; Pinsky, Benjamin A.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-3383-5.00017-8

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 270 publications

(287 reference statements)

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“…In addition, many microbiologic assays (e.g., serum, nasopharyngeal swab, throat swab, urine, sputum, and body fluid) are available for diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infection. [ 90 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilms: Formation, Research Models, Potential Targets, and Methods for Prevention and Treatment

Yrastorza

Matis

et al. 2022

Advanced Science

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Due to the continuous rise in biofilm‐related infections, biofilms seriously threaten human health. The formation of biofilms makes conventional antibiotics ineffective and dampens immune clearance. Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanisms of biofilm formation and develop novel strategies to treat biofilms more effectively. This review article begins with an introduction to biofilm formation in various clinical scenarios and their corresponding therapy. Established biofilm models used in research are then summarized. The potential targets which may assist in the development of new strategies for combating biofilms are further discussed. The novel technologies developed recently for the prevention and treatment of biofilms including antimicrobial surface coatings, physical removal of biofilms, development of new antimicrobial molecules, and delivery of antimicrobial agents are subsequently presented. Finally, directions for future studies are pointed out.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilms: Formation, Research Models, Potential Targets, and Methods for Prevention and Treatment

Yrastorza

Matis

et al. 2022

Advanced Science

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Innate immunodeficiencies: a group of primary immunodeficiencies predisposing exclusively to common diseases

Refaat,

Oujane,

Kholaiq

et al. 2024

Egypt J Med Hum Genet

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Background Innate immune deficiencies can impair both cellular and humoral immune responses. In contrast, other immune functions may appear normal, leading to increased susceptibility to specific pathogens, such as severe viral infections or Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Disease (MSMD). Studying these deficiencies is essential for understanding the pathophysiology of these infectious diseases. Main body While primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) generally cause vulnerability to multiple infections, innate immunodeficiencies increase susceptibility to specific pathogens, despite normal immune responses to others. Patients with these deficiencies show normal immunoglobulins and lymphocyte subpopulations, complicating diagnosis. This review highlights genetic susceptibility to mycobacteria, pneumococci, herpes simplex virus, and candidiasis, emphasizing recognizing this subset of PIDs. Conclusion This review highlights the diverse spectrum of genetic mutations contributing to defects in innate and intrinsic immunity, including Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD), chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, and predispositions to invasive bacterial and viral infections. Identifying key mutations in pathprovideh such as TLR3, IFN signaling, and IL-17A/F immunity provides valuable insights into the pathogenesis of these conditions. Our findings underscore the need for early genetic diagnosis and targeted interventions, particularly in regions with high undiagnosed cases, to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with defects in innate and intrinsic immunity.

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Microbiologic Diagnosis of Lung Infection

Cited by 2 publications

References 270 publications

Biofilms: Formation, Research Models, Potential Targets, and Methods for Prevention and Treatment

Biofilms: Formation, Research Models, Potential Targets, and Methods for Prevention and Treatment

Innate immunodeficiencies: a group of primary immunodeficiencies predisposing exclusively to common diseases

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