Microbiological and biochemical changes during the composting of oil palm empty-fruit-bunches. Effect of nitrogen supplementation on the substrate

Thambirajah, J.J.; Zulkali, Mohamed Daud Mohamed; Hashim, Mohd Ali

doi:10.1016/0960-8524(95)00008-3

Cited by 105 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, a mesophilic fungus, Cladosporium cladosporioides, grew well at 64± 65°C, but no fungi were detected at 67°C (von Klopotek, 1962). In the studies of Thambirajah et al (1995) and Waksman et al (1939a,b), no fungi were detected when the temperature was over 60°C. In the study of Thambirajah and Kuthubutheen (1989) fungi survived at high temperature probably due to the short duration of peak heating.…”

Section: Fungimentioning

confidence: 97%

“…and Talaromyces thermophilus, are weakly ligninolytic (Dix and Webster, 1995). Nusbaumer et al (1996), Thambirajah and Kuthubutheen (1989), Thambirajah et al (1995), von Klopotek (1962) and Waksman et al (1939a,b) have studied the occurrence of fungi during composting. Waksman et al (1939a,b) studied composting on a laboratory scale at temperatures of 28°C, 50°C, 65°C and 75°C.…”

Section: Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The raw material of compost contains about 10 6 microbial counts of mesophilic fungi/g of raw material and thermophilic fungi 10 3 ±10 6 /g (von Klopotek, 1962;Thambirajah and Kuthubutheen, 1989;Thambirajah et al, 1995). The predominant mesophilic fungus in the raw material has been Geotrichum sp.…”

Section: Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradation of lignin in a compost environment: a review

Tuomela

Vikman

Hatakka

et al. 2000

Bioresource Technology

1,033

455

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Composting is nowadays a general treatment method for municipal solid waste. Compostable household waste contains, together with vegetable material, varying amounts of papers and boards. In the European Union composting is regarded as one recycling method for packages and this will probably favour compostable packages, like papers and boards, in the future. Paper is made up of lignocellulose and it may contain up to 20% of lignin. Ecient degradation of papers in composting plants means that biodegradation of lignin is also needed. However, very little is known about lignin degradation by mixed microbial compost populations, although lignin degradation by white-rot fungi has been extensively studied in recent years. Organic material is converted to carbon dioxide, humus, and heat by compost microorganisms. It is assumed that humus is formed mainly from lignin. Thus, lignin is not totally mineralized during composting. The elevated temperatures found during the thermophilic phase are essential for rapid degradation of lignocellulose. Complex organic compounds like lignin are mainly degraded by thermophilic microfungi and actinomycetes. The optimum temperature for thermophilic fungi is 40±50°C which is also the optimum temperature for lignin degradation in compost. Ó

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Section: Fungimentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradation of lignin in a compost environment: a review

Tuomela

Vikman

Hatakka

et al. 2000

Bioresource Technology

1,033

455

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“…É possível observar ainda que, com aproximadamente 30 dias de formação das leiras, nas estações de verão e outono, as temperaturas atingiram valores inferiores a 30 ºC, comportamento não observado nas leiras de inverno e primavera. THAMBIRAJAH et al (1995) avaliaram a compostagem de mistura obtida a partir dos resíduos de extração de óleo de palma e dejetos de caprinos (90:25 kg, respectivamente) e obtiveram temperaturas abaixo de 40 ºC após os primeiros 25 dias de compostagem, e o pico de temperatura ocorreu com quatro dias de enleiramento, sendo de 70 ºC. Em experimento realizado por HANAJIMA et al (2001), a temperatura máxima observada foi de 65,9 ºC, usando esterco bovino como substrato para a formação das leiras.…”

Section: Resultados E Discussão Compostagemunclassified

“…Essa redução mais intensa durante o verão e outono pode estar intimamente relacionada à qualidade dos dejetos e às condições climáticas durante ambas as estações, conforme representado pelo comportamento da temperatura, que pode ter proporcionado maiores taxas de degradação e, conseqüentemente, maior redução da relação C/N. As relações C/N encontradas neste trabalho são inferiores às obtidas por THAMBIRAJAH et al (1995), que foram de 52:1 e 24:1, no início e final da compostagem de uma mistura à base de resíduo de extração do óleo de palma e dejeto de cabras, respectivamente.…”

Section: Resultados E Discussão Compostagemunclassified

Compostagem e vermicompostagem de dejetos de caprinos: efeito das estações do ano

2005

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RESUMO:A caprinocultura brasileira cresceu consideravelmente nos últimos anos, elevando a produção de resíduos, fato que justifica o estudo de práticas de reciclagem, tais como a compostagem e a vermicompostagem, pois, além da agregação de valor com a produção do composto, representa um meio de saneamento na área rural. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, foram utilizados dejetos coletados de caprinos em diferentes faixas etárias, mantidos em sistema de semiconfinamento e com regime alimentar único. O objetivo principal foi avaliar os efeitos das estações do ano sobre os processos de compostagem e vermicompostagem. As reduções na quantidade de matéria seca (MS) foram de 53,7; 53,4; 51,4 e 47,8% para a compostagem e 57,4; 51,0; 41,4 e 53,6% para a vermicompostagem nas estações de verão, outono, inverno e primavera, respectivamente. Observaramse maiores reduções na relação C/N durante o verão e outono, em relação à primavera e ao inverno, para ambos os processos. As equações de redução de volume, na compostagem, foram: y = -0,0512x + 1,0233; y = -0,0552x + 1,1766; y = -0,0521x + 1,1656 e y = -0,0558x + 1,3227, para as estações primavera, outono, inverno e verão, respectivamente, (x = número de semanas e y = volume, em m 3 ). PALAVRAS-CHAVE: estações do ano, leira, relação C/N. COMPOSTING AND VERMICOMPOSTING CAPRINE DEJECTIONS: EFFECT OF SEASONABSTRACT: Brazilian caprine raising has grown considerably in the last years and has elevated the waste production, what justifies the study of recycling practices of composting and vemicomposting because their aggregation values with the fertilizers production, and also represent a sanitation way in the rural zone. In this study, caprines of different ages, maintained in semi confinement system and with the same diet feeding were used. The main objective was evaluating the effect of the season on the composting and vermicomposting process. The dry matter reduction was of 53.7; 53.4; 51.4 and 47.8% for composting process and 57.4; 51.0; 41.4 and 53.6% for vermicomposting in Summer, Autumn, Winter and Spring respectively. Larger reductions were observed in the C/N ratio during Summer and Autumn in relation to Spring and Winter, for both processes. The equations of volume reduction in the composting process were: y = -0.0512x + 1.0233; y = -0.0552x + 1.1766; y = -0.0521x + 1.1656 and y = -0.0558x + 1.3227 for Spring, Autumn, Winter and Summer, respectively (x = number of weeks and y = volume in m 3 ).

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Compost: Biodegradation of Toxic Organic Compounds

Dosoretz

Mandelbaum²,

Hadar

2003

Encyclopedia of Environmental Microbiology

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Principles of Composting Application of Compost for the Detoxification of Toxic Organic Compounds Degradation of Petroleum Products Degradation of Halogenated Compounds Degradation of Pesticides Degradation of Explosives The Fate of Organic Pollutants During Composting

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Microbiological and biochemical changes during the composting of oil palm empty-fruit-bunches. Effect of nitrogen supplementation on the substrate

Cited by 105 publications

References 8 publications

Biodegradation of lignin in a compost environment: a review

Biodegradation of lignin in a compost environment: a review

Compostagem e vermicompostagem de dejetos de caprinos: efeito das estações do ano

Compost: Biodegradation of Toxic Organic Compounds

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