Microbiological Quality Assessment of Vitamin B Syrups and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of the Isolated Escherichia coli

Kabir, Shahinur

doi:10.9790/3008-0846164

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This level of contamination rate is similar to the finding of Mugoyela and Mwambete (2010) who showed 100% contamination in some selected cough syrup samples. However, these values of contamination are higher than the findings of Kabir and Hossain (2013) and Jameel (2017). In the case of multivitamin syrups, 86.67% were found to be microbially contaminated.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Assessment of Microbial Qualities of Some Cough Syrups and Multivitamins Marketed in Pokhara, Nepal

Gurung

Khaling

2021

Prithvi Acad. J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, the manufacturers of pharmaceuticals have improved the quality of non-sterile pharmaceuticals in such a way that such products contain only minimal bioburden. However, the production of sub-standard cough syrups and multivitamin syrups may cause non-therapeutic effect in patients, particularly in children. For this reason, this study was conducted to evaluate the microbiological quality of cough syrup and multivitamin syrups marketed in Pokhara, Nepal. Different brands of 15 cough syrups and 15 multivitamin syrups were collected from different vendors of Pokhara and the spread plate technique was performed to enumerate the microbial contaminant from the collected samples. Among 15 cough syrups, 12 samples were found to be contaminated with bacteria and nine samples were found to be contaminated with fungi. Similarly, among 15 multivitamin syrups, 10 were found to be contaminated with bacteria whereas 12 were found to be contaminated with fungi. Escherichia coli was not isolated in any samples. Overall, 14(93.33%) of cough syrup and 13(86.67%) of multivitamin syrups were found to be contaminated by either bacteria, fungi, or by both which exceeded the acceptance limit of International Pharmacopeia. The prevalence of these microorganisms in pharmaceutical products such as syrups samples may indicate the unhygienic condition, defect in production, poor adoption of Good Manufacturing Practice, ineffective preservatives and inadequate quality control. Though these products fall under non-sterile pharmaceutical products, so they need not require sterility but these drugs must conform to the microbiological purity criteria set in the appropriate pharmacopeial standard. These contaminated syrups explain the poor treatment and complicacy of the uncompromised people and the sick children.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

“…In the case of multivitamin syrups, 86.67% were found to be microbially contaminated. There has been observed variation in the contamination rates of multivitamin syrups (Shaikh, 1998;Daniyan, & Sangodere 201;Kabir & Hossain 2013;Tukur et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Microbial Qualities of Some Cough Syrups and Multivitamins Marketed in Pokhara, Nepal

Gurung

Khaling

2021

Prithvi Acad. J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Serial dilutions were carried out for enumeration methods and isolation and identification was done for detection of pathogenic microorganisms (Khanom, et al, 2013) Microbiological Assessment Aerobic mesophilic bacterial count was done using pour plate technique in accordance to Kabir and Dulal (2013), APHA (1992APHA ( , 1998, MbaeyiNwaoha and Egbude (2012) and Mbah (2015). Pour plate technique was as well used for the enumeration of aerobic mesophilic fungi count as modified by fatema et al, (2014) and Kabir and Dulal (2013). The multiple tube fermentation technique was performed to enumerate coliform bacteria count using tubes containing MacConkey broth and inverted Durham tubes (Amira et al, 2012 and as modified by Mbaeyi -Nwaoha and Egbude 2012).…”

Section: Study Site and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contamination of p h a r m a c e u t i c a l p r e p a r a t i o n s w i t h https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijs.v20i1.12 microorganisms irrespective of being pathogenic or non pathogenic can bring about changes in the drugs physical characteristics, including the breaking of emulsions, fermentation of syrups, and appearance of turbidity or deposit; besides producing possible odours and colour changes. The pharmaceutical manufacturing and packaging environment, raw materials as well as the manufacturing water may attribute to the microbiological spoilage of the finished products (Islam et al, 2015;Kabir and Dulal, 2013). The presence of high number of non-pathogenic microorganisms in pharmaceutical products is objectionable as the organisms may deteriorate active ingredients and interfere with the desired activity of the product or generate toxic metabolites (Gad et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of microbiological quality of syrup and water used in pharmaceutical industries in Kano state, Nigeria

Olaitan¹,

Muhammad²

2018

Ife Journal of Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pharmaceutical industry is an essential element of health care system all over the globe, in as much as discovery, development, manufacturing and marketing of pharmaceuticals for human health is of paramount importance. This research was conducted to evaluate the microbiological quality of syrups and water used in pharmaceutical industries selected in Kano State, Nigeria. The selected industries are coded as: Industry A and B. Parameters such as aerobic mesophilic bacterial and fungal count, coliform count and identifications were carried out. Data obtained from the study showed that all the syrup sampled were bacteriologically safe. All plate count of syrups did not exceed the United States Pharmacopoeia acceptable criteria, negative for Salmonella, Shigella, Pseudomonas, and Escherichia coli. The levels of coliform contamination in all the analyzed samples (water and syrup) were within the acceptable limit of Most Probable Number (MPN) £10. Analyzed water samples also did not exceed the World Health Organization suggested microbial limit for facility water except one which gave 2 1.2 × 10 , but yet, within the limit for alert. Objectionable organisms were as well not detected except Alcaligenes faecalis and Providencia sp. Fungi isolated from this study includes Aspergillus niger, A. amstelodami, Mucor racmosios, Penicillium spinulosum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It can be concluded that the microbial limit of the industries assessed are within the limit stipulated by pharmacopoeia.

show abstract

“…Presently, the standard of the non-sterile dosage forms has been enhanced by various pharmaceutical industries, which ultimately reduce microbial hazards [1]. To determine the source of contamination, the microbial load should be critically monitored at every step from the starting to the final stage of manufacturing [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Microbial Contamination in the Non-sterile Pharmaceutical Products

Murtaza¹,

Khan²,

Zeb-Un-Nisa³

et al. 2021

PST

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article aims to review available scientific data dealing with the Microbial contamination that may occur by some environmental factors (temperature, pH, and water activity), these factors are a major problem for the spoilage of pharmaceutical dosage form, and raw material, personnel, and other factor contributing to the transfer of the microbe into the pharmaceutical product. Non-sterile oral pharmaceuticals, including syrups, do not need to be sterile. At the same time, certain quality-control tests and some measures were followed, according to current good manufacture practice (cGMP), which are essential to keep the microbial content of these preparations safe and acceptable. Similarly, may manufacturer failures to comply with the Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) at any stage of pharmaceutical production may consequently affect the microbiological quality of the product, and ultimately they caused economical loss for industrialists on the spoilage of pharmaceuticals. Microbial contamination in the pharmaceutical products increases from prescribed limits may change their Physico-chemical properties of the dosage form may be chances to hazardous for the immune-compromised patient due to overload microbial contamination. All the components of the non-sterile pharmaceuticals such as API and all kinds of excipients are at risk due to microbe overloaded and spoilage. Strictly the following (cGMP), continuous pharmaceutical surveillance is required to control microbial contamination within the pharmaceutical preparations.

show abstract

Microbiological Quality Assessment of Vitamin B Syrups and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of the Isolated Escherichia coli

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Assessment of Microbial Qualities of Some Cough Syrups and Multivitamins Marketed in Pokhara, Nepal

Assessment of Microbial Qualities of Some Cough Syrups and Multivitamins Marketed in Pokhara, Nepal

Assessment of microbiological quality of syrup and water used in pharmaceutical industries in Kano state, Nigeria

A Review on the Microbial Contamination in the Non-sterile Pharmaceutical Products

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About