Microbiology of postoperative wound infection: a prospective study of 1770 wounds

Seasonal variation and risk factors associated with surgical site infection rate in Kano, Nigeria

“…This was closely followed by Staphylococcus aureus (19.0%). These findings were in contrast with the reports of other researchers (24)(25)(26), who all had S. aureus as the most frequently isolated organism in their reports. However, it compares favorably with reports from other workers (27)(28)(29).…”

Wound Microbiology and Associated Approaches to Wound Management

“…Reported wound infection rates following orthopedic surgery are relatively low (2 to 6.8%) (20,61,223), and similar studies, involving a large number of generalized postoperative wound types, have reported overall infection rates of 3.4% in 5,129 operations (1), 4.7% in 62,939 operations (57), and 9.4% in 1,770 operations (238). In the last two studies, the infection rates ranged from 1.5% (57) and 5.9% (238) following clean surgery to 40% (57) and 52.9% (238) following contaminated surgery.…”

“…The effect of specific types of microorganisms on wound healing has been widely published, and although the majority of wounds are polymicrobial, involving both aerobes and anaerobes, aerobic pathogens such as S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and beta-hemolytic streptococci have been most frequently cited as the cause of delayed wound healing and infection (39,58,59,81,94,146,149,216,217,238). As a specific example, S. aureus is considered to be the most problematic bacterium in traumatic, surgical, and burn wound infections (96,123,154,175,180), primarily based on the knowledge that its incidence is high in these, and other, types of wound (25,27,180).…”

“…However, to date, widespread opinion among wound care practitioners is that aerobic or facultative pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and beta-hemolytic streptococci are the primary causes of delayed healing and infection in both acute and chronic wounds. Such opinion has been formed on the basis of referenced comments and studies performed largely during the last two decades that have investigated the role of microorganisms in wound healing (58,59,81,94,146,182,216,217,238; D. J. Leaper, Editorial, J. Wound Care 7:373, 1998).…”

One Resident's Experience Designing and Running a Randomized Control Trial in Orthopedic Surgery

“…In data dating back nearly half a century, upward of 23% to 30% of "clean" surgical wounds harbor pathological bacteria at the time of wound closure. [1][2][3][4] Additives to irrigation solutions, such as antibiotic solutions or detergents, are more efficacious in decreasing the bacterial burden in infected wounds. Specifically, Castile soap and benzalkonium chloride have been used successfully in infected or contaminated orthopedic wounds.…”