Microbiology of vaginitis associated with the intrauterine contraceptive device

Kivijärvi, Anneli; Järvinen, Helinä; Grönroos, M.

doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1984.tb03709.x

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…A higher incidence of BV among such women has recently been reported [ 13,15]. Our treament results with metronidazole are not as good as previously reported [1][2][3][4][5][6], This can be ex plained by the high number of IUCD users among our patients.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Comparison of Oral and Vaginal Metronidazole Therapy for Nonspecific Bacterial Vaginosis

Bistoletti¹,

Fredricsson²,

Hagström

et al. 1986

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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A prospective, randomized, nonblind study was performed to compare the efficacy of a 7-day vaginal regimen with 500 mg metronidazole (Flagyl®) once a day and that of oral treatment with 400 mg metronidazole twice daily for 7 days in the treatment of nonspecific bacterial vaginosis. No treatment was given to the sexual partners and there was no restriction of sexual intercourse. 38 women completed the study and at follow-up after 4 weeks, women receiving vaginal therapy had a cure rate of 79% compared with 74% in the women on oral therapy. Cure rates were lower among users of an intrauterine contraceptive device (57 versus 88% among nonusers). The occurrence of lactate-producing bacteria (lacto-bacilli and aerobic streptococci) in the vagina was significantly higher in women after vaginal compared with oral therapy. Gardnerella vaginlis was isolated in 58% of the women after vaginal and in 44% of the women after oral treatment. It is concluded that vaginal application of 500 mg metronidazole daily for 7 days is equally effective as oral administration in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Comparison of Oral and Vaginal Metronidazole Therapy for Nonspecific Bacterial Vaginosis

Bistoletti¹,

Fredricsson²,

Hagström

et al. 1986

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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“…4,1991 on October 7, 2012 by guest http://cmr.asm.org/ Downloaded from pelvic inflammatory disease, 9 of 35 with and 0 of 10 without salpingitis and endometritis or endometritis alone had BV (145) diagnosed by abnormal vaginal fluid gas-liquid chromatography. Others have reported similar findings (82,106,117). In another study (71), postabortal pelvic inflammatory disease occurred in 9 (25%) of 36 women who had vaginitis during the previous year compared with 4 (5%) of 74 without prior vaginitis (P < 0.005).…”

Section: Gas-liquid Chromatographysupporting

confidence: 59%

Bacterial vaginosis

1991

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Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common of the vaginitides affecting women of reproductive age. It appears to be due to an alteration in the vaginal ecology by which Lactobacillus spp., the predominant organisms in the healthy vagina, are replaced by a mixed flora including Prevotella bivia, Prevotella disiens, Porphyromonas spp., Mobiluncus spp., and Peptostreptococcus spp. All of these organisms except Mobiluncus spp. are also members of the endogenous vaginal flora. While evidence from treatment trials does not support the notion that BV is sexually transmitted, recent studies have shown an increased risk associated with multiple sexual partners. It has also been suggested that the pathogenesis of BV may be similar to that of urinary tract infections, with the rectum serving as a reservoir for some BV-associated flora. The organisms associated with BV have also been recognized as agents of female upper genital tract infection, including pelvic inflammatory disease, and the syndrome BV has been associated with adverse outcome of pregnancy, including premature rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis, and fetal loss; postpartum endometritis; cuff cellulitis; and urinary tract infections. The mechanisms by which the BV-associated flora causes the signs of BV are not well understood, but a role for H2O2-producing Lactobacillus spp. in protecting against colonization by catalase-negative anaerobic bacteria has been recognized. These and other aspects of BV are reviewed.

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“…The microbiological changes in the cervix and vagina have been thoroughly studied in women fitted with an IUCD (Davis 1Y68;Salmi et a/. 1976;Corbishley 1977;Feichter et al 1978;Goldacre et al 1979;Persson et al 1983;Kivijirvi et al 1984;Peddie et a/. 1984;Thiery et al 1986) and the results indicate the greater prevalence of Gardnerella vaginulis and the bacterial vaginosis complex, Actinornyces israelii and some rather exotic species (Eikenella, Capnocytophaga and Nocardia).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candidiasis in women fitted with an intrauterine contraceptive device

Parewijck

Claeys

Thiéry

et al. 1988

BJOG

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Vaginal colonization by Candida spp. was compared in 117 women fitted with an intrauterine contraceptivc device (IUCD users) and in 100 women not wearing an IUCD (control group). None of the subjects had factors currently assumed to predispose to yeast colonixation or infection. Yeasts were present significantly more often in the lUCD users (20%) than in the control group (6%). In two of the 21 women with positive cultures the tail of the IUCD yielded substantially more colonies than the vaginal specimen and in seven, only the tail culture was positive. These findings strongly suggest that the IUCD is a predisposing factor in vaginal colonization by Candidu strains. In half the women the presence of yeasts in the vagina was not associated with signs and symptoms of clinical infection. Of the 29 yeast strains isolated 17 were C. albicans, there was no difference in the prevalence of C. ulbicans between IUCD user4 and non-users or between symptomatic and asymptomatic women.The occurrence of genital candidiasis in women seems to have increased during recent decades and many predisposing factors have been put forward to explain this trend (Odds 1979). The use of the intrauterinc contraceptive device (IUCD) i s not among these factors (Jacobson 1986), and a possible link between the IUCD and Cunrlida colonization or infection does not seem to have been investigated previously.

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Microbiology of vaginitis associated with the intrauterine contraceptive device

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

Comparison of Oral and Vaginal Metronidazole Therapy for Nonspecific Bacterial Vaginosis

Comparison of Oral and Vaginal Metronidazole Therapy for Nonspecific Bacterial Vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis

Candidiasis in women fitted with an intrauterine contraceptive device

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