Microbiomes Detected by Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing among HIV-Infected and Uninfected Patients with Pulmonary Infection

Tan, Yuting; Chen, Zhong; Zi-wei, Zeng; Wu, Songjie; Liu, Jie; Zou, Shi; Wang, Min; Liang, Ke

doi:10.1128/spectrum.00005-23

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In recent years, the rapidly developing mNGS technology has also shown significant advantages in identifying T. marneffei . It does not require cultivation, saving a significant amount of time, and has high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity [ 11 , 12 ]. mNGS can also be used to identify rare fungi and other types of pathogens, providing rapid diagnostic value.…”

Section: Discussion and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated Talaromyces marneffei infection initially presenting as cutaneous and subcutaneous lesion in an HIV-Negative renal transplant recipient: a case report and literature review

Yang,

Lou,

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Background The incidence of Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) infection has increased in recent years with the development of organ transplantation and the widespread use of immunosuppressive agents. However, the lack of clinical suspicion leading to delay or misdiagnosis is an important reason for the high mortality rate in non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and non-endemic population. Herein, we report a case of disseminated T. marneffei infection in a non-HIV and non-endemic recipient after renal transplant, who initially presented with skin rashes and subcutaneous nodules and developed gastrointestinal bleeding. Case presentation We describe a 54-year-old renal transplantation recipient presented with scattered rashes, subcutaneous nodules and ulcerations on the head, face, abdomen, and right upper limb. The HIV antibody test was negative. The patient had no obvious symptoms such as fever, cough, etc. Histopathological result of the skin lesion sites showed chronic suppurative inflammation with a large number of fungal spores. Subsequent fungal culture suggested T. marneffei infection. Amphotericin B deoxycholate was given for antifungal treatment, and there was no deterioration in the parameters of liver and kidney function. Unfortunately, the patient was soon diagnosed with gastrointestinal bleeding, gastrointestinal perforation and acute peritonitis. Then he rapidly developed multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and abandoned treatment. Conclusions The risk of fatal gastrointestinal bleeding can be significantly increased in kidney transplant patients with T. marneffei infection because of the long-term side effects of post-transplant medications. Strengthening clinical awareness and using mNGS or mass spectrometry technologies to improve the detection rate and early diagnosis of T. marneffei are crucial for clinical treatment in non-HIV and non-endemic population.

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Section: Discussion and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated Talaromyces marneffei infection initially presenting as cutaneous and subcutaneous lesion in an HIV-Negative renal transplant recipient: a case report and literature review

Yang,

Lou,

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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“…Special pathogens (including Cryptococcus and Mycobacterium ) with RPTM ≥ 1 was identified as positive ( Langelier et al., 2018 ; Chen et al., 2021 ). Common colonized bacteria and contaminating microorganisms, including Rothia , Corynebacterium , coagulase-negative Staphylococci , Neisseria , and Streptococcus etc., were considered as microecological bacteria in the study ( Chen et al., 2020 ; Xie et al., 2021 ; Shi et al., 2022 ; Tan et al., 2023 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for diagnosis of pulmonary Aspergillus infection and colonization

Jiang,

Gai,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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BackgroundInvestigations assessing the value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for distinguish Aspergillus infection from colonization are currently insufficient.MethodsThe performance of mNGS in distinguishing Aspergillus infection from colonization, along with the differences in patients’ characteristics, antibiotic adjustment, and lung microbiota, were analyzed.ResultsThe abundance of Aspergillus significantly differed between patients with Aspergillus infection (n=36) and colonization (n=32) (P < 0.0001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve result for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) mNGS indicated an area under the curve of 0.894 (95%CI: 0.811-0.976), with an optimal threshold value of 23 for discriminating between Aspergillus infection and colonization. The infection group exhibited a higher proportion of antibiotic adjustments in comparison to the colonization group (50% vs. 12.5%, P = 0.001), with antibiotic escalation being more dominant. Age, length of hospital stay, hemoglobin, cough and chest distress were significantly positively correlated with Aspergillus infection. The abundance of A. fumigatus and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) significantly increased in the infection group, whereas the colonization group exhibited higher abundance of A. niger.ConclusionBALF mNGS is a valuable tool for differentiating between colonization and infection of Aspergillus. Variations in patients’ age, length of hospital stay, hemoglobin, cough and chest distress are observable between patients with Aspergillus infection and colonization.

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Diagnostic Value of Metagenomic next-generation sequencing and X-pert in Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for pneumonia in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected patients

Cai,

Yu,

Cheng

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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Microbiomes Detected by Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing among HIV-Infected and Uninfected Patients with Pulmonary Infection

Cited by 7 publications

References 44 publications

Disseminated Talaromyces marneffei infection initially presenting as cutaneous and subcutaneous lesion in an HIV-Negative renal transplant recipient: a case report and literature review

Disseminated Talaromyces marneffei infection initially presenting as cutaneous and subcutaneous lesion in an HIV-Negative renal transplant recipient: a case report and literature review

Clinical performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for diagnosis of pulmonary Aspergillus infection and colonization

Diagnostic Value of Metagenomic next-generation sequencing and X-pert in Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for pneumonia in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected patients

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