Microbiota abnormalities in inflammatory airway diseases — Potential for therapy

Gollwitzer, Eva S.; Marsland, Benjamin J.

doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.08.002

Cited by 83 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 88 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…Collectively, through both nutrient metabolism-dependent and metabolism-independent mechanisms, the gut microbiome forms a largely overlooked plastic yet resilient endocrine organ that integrates input cues from the diet and interfaces with host to play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders [82]. By secreting SCFAs and converting primary bile acids to secondary ones, the micro biota can increase energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity and suppress inflammation.…”

Section: Gut-heart Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By secreting SCFAs and converting primary bile acids to secondary ones, the micro biota can increase energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity and suppress inflammation. On the contrary, by assisting trim ethylamine-n-oxide liver production, they can enhance atherosclerotic changes, thus inducing myocardial infarction, stroke and death [82]. It seems that the nutrients-microbiota-endocrinecardiovascular axis is a major pathway that determine human heart morbidity and mortality.…”

Section: Gut-heart Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

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GUT-the Trojan Horse in Remote Organs’ Autoimmunity

T¹

2016

J Clin Cell Immunol

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Human beings assemble and maintain a diverse but host-specific gut microbial community along the longitudinal axis of the intestines. Helped by a functional tight junction, the default response to commensal microbes is tolerance, whereas the default response to pathogens is an intricately orchestrated immune response, resulting in pathogen clearance. Nutrients and industrial food additives were suggested to impact the intestinal ecosystem and to breach tight junction integrity. Taken together, certain nutritional components, increased intestinal permeability, disease specific dysbiotic pathobionts and their capacity of post translation modification of proteins, are luminal events that impact autoimmunogenesis. The present review expands on the multi gut originated axes and their relationship to remote organ autoimmune diseases. Brain, joint, bone, endocrine, liver, kidney, heart, lung and skin autoimmune diseases are connected to the intestinal luminal compartmental deregulated events to form the gut-systemic organs axes.

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Section: Gut-heart Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gut-heart Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

GUT-the Trojan Horse in Remote Organs’ Autoimmunity

T¹

2016

J Clin Cell Immunol

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“…Even though most researches on microbiota in human body had been performed from human intestinal tracts, those on respiratory tract microbiota are being elucidated and advanced owing to modern biotechnologies (13). Even today, it is difficult to secure evidence that respiratory microbiota constituents and functions are similar in developing and maintaining immune activities of the lung to intestinal microbiota.…”

Section: -1) Microbial Constituents and Diseases In Respiratory Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics Used for Respiratory Diseases

Shin

Kim

2015

J Bacteriol Virol

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Continuous increase of bacterial resistance to antibiotics causes many problems such as the advent of resistance to pathogenic bacteria, difficulty of microbial disease treatments, environmental pollution and others. It is inevitable to find potential substitutes for antibiotics in order to solve the above mentioned problems. Recently many literatures have shown that probiotics could be applied to the treatment or amelioration of respiratory diseases in addition to intensively studied gut related diseases. Target diseases for collecting data and analysis of the efficacies were chosen because viral respiratory infections are the most common diseases in humans. They were mainly viral diseases like common colds, pneumonia in addition to allergies and asthma. Papers on clinical efficacies, safety risks and mechanisms of microbial action of respiratory diseases were secured through known information sites and analyzed for their exact evaluations. The present analysis of research results on probiotics efficacies for respiratory diseases showed discrepancies in efficacies. On the whole, half to one third of papers reviewed only showed certain level of efficacies against respiratory viral diseases. It is very difficult to compare the results directly because the studies varied highly in study design, outcome measures, probiotics, dose, and matrices used. However, the results obtained so far show the potential applications of probiotics to the prevention or amelioration of the diseases. Conclusively, further well organized studies using randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials are needed to elucidate the realities of probiotics on respiratory related diseases and to obtain more definite efficacy results.

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“…Alterations to the gastrointestinal microbiota (dysbiosis) have been described in a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, obesity and asthma. These changes commonly involve a reduction in so-called probiotic species, including Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, as well as outgrowth of potentially pathogenic bacteria [44]. The gastrointestinal microbiota is susceptible to environmental influences, include place and mode of delivery [45], and the presence of siblings and pets in the home in early life [46].…”

Section: Obesity and Type II Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-life risk factors for chronic nonrespiratory diseases

et al. 2014

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We have witnessed a change in disease patterns contributing to the global burden of disease, with a shift from early childhood deaths due to the classic infectious communicable diseases to years lived with disability from chronic noncommunicable diseases. In both developing and developed countries, the years lived with disability attributable to chronic disease have increased: cardiovascular diseases by 17.7%; chronic respiratory disease by 8.5%; neurological conditions by 12.2%; diabetes by 30.0%; and mental and behavioural disorders by 5.0% over the past 20 years. Recognition of the contribution made by adverse environmental exposures in early life to noncommunicable diseases in later life is increasing. These earlylife exposures appear to contribute to both chronic respiratory and chronic nonrespiratory diseases. In this State of the Art article, we aim to examine early-life environmental exposures that have an epidemiological association with chronic nonrespiratory diseases, such as obesity and type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and neurocognitive and behavioural problems. We will highlight the potential overlap in environmental risks with respiratory diseases, and point out knowledge gaps and research opportunities. @ERSpublications Respiratory diseases are linked to obesity/diabetes/metabolic syndrome, CVD and neurocognitive/behavioural disorders

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Microbiota abnormalities in inflammatory airway diseases — Potential for therapy

Cited by 83 publications

References 88 publications

GUT-the Trojan Horse in Remote Organs’ Autoimmunity

GUT-the Trojan Horse in Remote Organs’ Autoimmunity

Probiotics Used for Respiratory Diseases

Early-life risk factors for chronic nonrespiratory diseases

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