Microbiota and Mycotoxins in Trilinear Hybrid Maize Produced in Natural Environments at Central Region in Mexico

Betancourt, Peña; Denise, Silvia

doi:10.4236/aim.2016.69066

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…and difficulties in automation have led TLC to be commonly replaced by other chromatographic techniques [82,87]. Betancourt and Denise [135] applied this method to screen AFs contamination in corn hybrids. The TLC plates were exposed to UV light at a short wavelength (250 nm) and visual comparison to standards allowed the identification of positive samples.…”

Section: Mycotoxin Determination Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalent Mycotoxins in Animal Feed: Occurrence and Analytical Methods

Pereira

Cunha

Fernandes

2019

Toxins

166

105

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Today, we have been witnessing a steady tendency in the increase of global demand for maize, wheat, soybeans, and their products due to the steady growth and strengthening of the livestock industry. Thus, animal feed safety has gradually become more important, with mycotoxins representing one of the most significant hazards. Mycotoxins comprise different classes of secondary metabolites of molds. With regard to animal feed, aflatoxins, fumonisins, ochratoxins, trichothecenes, and zearalenone are the more prevalent ones. In this review, several constraints posed by these contaminants at economical and commercial levels will be discussed, along with the legislation established in the European Union to restrict mycotoxins levels in animal feed. In addition, the occurrence of legislated mycotoxins in raw materials and their by-products for the feeds of interest, as well as in the feeds, will be reviewed. Finally, an overview of the different sample pretreatment and detection techniques reported for mycotoxin analysis will be presented, the main weaknesses of current methods will be highlighted.

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Section: Mycotoxin Determination Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalent Mycotoxins in Animal Feed: Occurrence and Analytical Methods

Pereira

Cunha

Fernandes

2019

Toxins

166

105

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“…Although over 500 compounds have been considered mycotoxins, most studies have investigated a limited number of mycotoxins in agricultural commodities [ 4 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Previous surveillance studies on contamination of dairy cattle feed in Mexico (via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography) [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ], but also worldwide, have been focused mainly on mycotoxins addressed by regulatory limits or guidance levels in animal feed—for instance, aflatoxins (AFs), zearalenone (ZEN), ochratoxin A (OTA), and trichothecenes (type A and B) [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixtures of Mycotoxins, Phytoestrogens, and Other Secondary Metabolites in Whole-Plant Corn Silages and Total Mixed Rations of Dairy Farms in Central and Northern Mexico

Penagos-Tabares

Sulyok

Artavia³

et al. 2023

Toxins

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Mycotoxins and endocrine disruptors such as phytoestrogens can affect cattle health, reproduction, and productivity. Most studies of mycotoxins in dairy feeds in Mexico and worldwide have been focused on a few (regulated) mycotoxins. In contrast, less known fungal toxins, phytoestrogens, and other metabolites have been neglected and underestimated. This study analyzed a broad spectrum (>800) of mycotoxins, phytoestrogens, and fungal, plant, and unspecific secondary metabolites in whole-plant corn silages (WPCSs) and total mixed rations (TMRs) collected from 19 Mexican dairy farms. A validated multi-metabolite liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometric (LC/ESI–MS/MS) method was used. Our results revealed 125 of >800 tested (potentially toxic) secondary metabolites. WPCSs/TMRs in Mexico presented ubiquitous contamination with mycotoxins, phytoestrogens, and other metabolites. The average number of mycotoxins per TMR was 24, ranging from 9 to 31. Fusarium-derived secondary metabolites showed the highest frequencies, concentrations, and diversity among the detected fungal compounds. The most frequently detected mycotoxins in TMRs were zearalenone (ZEN) (100%), fumonisin B1 (FB1) (84%), and deoxynivalenol (84%). Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA), previously reported in Mexico, were not detected. All TMR samples tested positive for phytoestrogens. Among the investigated dietary ingredients, corn stover, sorghum silage, and concentrate proportions were the most correlated with levels of total mycotoxins, fumonisins (Fs), and ergot alkaloids, respectively.

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Microbiota and Mycotoxins in Trilinear Hybrid Maize Produced in Natural Environments at Central Region in Mexico

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Prevalent Mycotoxins in Animal Feed: Occurrence and Analytical Methods

Prevalent Mycotoxins in Animal Feed: Occurrence and Analytical Methods

Mixtures of Mycotoxins, Phytoestrogens, and Other Secondary Metabolites in Whole-Plant Corn Silages and Total Mixed Rations of Dairy Farms in Central and Northern Mexico

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