Microbiota, epidemiological and nutritional factors related to ketoacidosis at the onset of type 1 diabetes

Rabbone, Ivana; Traversi, Deborah; Scaioli, Giacomo; Vallini, Camilla; Carletto, Giulia; Masante, Irene; Durazzo, Marilena; Collo, Alessandro; Belci, Paola; Ferro, Arianna; Cadario, Francesco; Savastio, Silvia; Carrera, Deborah; Cerutti, Fránco; Siliquini, Roberta

doi:10.1007/s00592-020-01555-z

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Previous results indicated that being a migrant child in the Piedmont region is not a significant risk factor for T1D onset 30 . Table 2 shows single logistic regressions performed to estimate the impact of the different variables on the outcome.…”

Section: T1d Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Risk factors for type 1 diabetes, including environmental, behavioural and gut microbial factors: a case–control study

Traversi

Rabbone

Scaioli

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a common autoimmune disease that is characterized by insufficient insulin production. The onset of T1D is the result of gene-environment interactions. Sociodemographic and behavioural factors may contribute to T1D, and the gut microbiota is proposed to be a driving factor of T1D. An integrated preventive strategy for T1D is not available at present. This case–control study attempted to estimate the exposure linked to T1D to identify significant risk factors for healthy children. Forty children with T1D and 56 healthy controls were included in this study. Anthropometric, socio-economic, nutritional, behavioural, and clinical data were collected. Faecal bacteria were investigated by molecular methods. The findings showed, in multivariable model, that the risk factors for T1D include higher Firmicutes levels (OR 7.30; IC 2.26–23.54) and higher carbohydrate intake (OR 1.03; IC 1.01–1.05), whereas having a greater amount of Bifidobacterium in the gut (OR 0.13; IC 0.05 – 0.34) was a protective factor for T1D. These findings may facilitate the development of preventive strategies for T1D, such as performing genetic screening, characterizing the gut microbiota, and managing nutritional and social factors.

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Section: T1d Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Risk factors for type 1 diabetes, including environmental, behavioural and gut microbial factors: a case–control study

Traversi

Rabbone

Scaioli

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…using the MiSeq 300PE Pro341F and Pro805R primer pair following the method previously described ( 26 ). The following microbial targets were quantified by qRT-PCR using a CFX Touch Real-Time PCR Detection System (Bio-Rad-Hercules, CA) and CFX Manager (3.1 Software): total bacteria, Bacteroidetes, Bacteroides spp ., Firmicutes, Bifidobacterium spp., Akkermansia muciniphila , and Methanobrevibacter smithii , following the reaction condition and thermal protocol previously described ( 44 ). The PCR efficiencies were always between 90 and 110%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota, behavior, and nutrition after type 1 diabetes diagnosis: A longitudinal study for supporting data in the metabolic control

et al. 2022

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IntroductionType 1 diabetes (T1D) risk involves genetic susceptibility but also epigenetics, environment, and behaviors. Appropriate metabolic control, especially quickly after the diagnosis, is crucial for the patient quality of life.MethodsThis study aimed to produce a quantitative comparison of the behavior, nutrition habits, and gut microbiota composition between the onset and the 1-year follow-up in 35 children with T1D.Results and discussionAt follow-up, with the metabolic control, many parameters improved significantly, with respect to the onset, such as glycated hemoglobin (−19%), body mass index (BMI), and also nutritional behaviors, such as normal calorie intake (+6%), carbohydrate intake (−12%), extra portion request (−4%), and meals distribution during the day. Moreover, glycated hemoglobin decrement correlated with both total and rapid absorption carbohydrate intake (Spearman's rho = 0.288, 95% CI 0.066–0.510, p = 0.013), showing as the nutritional behavior supported the insulin therapy efficiency. The next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of microbiota revealed abundance differences for Ruminococcus bromii and Prevotella copri (higher at onset, p < 0.001) and the genera Succinivibrio and Faecalibacterium (lower at onset, p < 0.001), as a consequence of nutritional behavior, but it was not the only changing driver. The qRT-PCR analysis showed significant variations, in particular for Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium spp. (+1.56 log gene copies/g stool at follow-up, p < 0.001). During the year, in 11% of the patients, severe clinical episodes occurred (hypoglycemic or ketoacidosis). The likelihood of a severe hypoglycemic episode was modulated when the Methanobrevibacter smithii amount increased (odds ratio 3.7, 95% CI 1.2–11.4, p = 0.026). Integrated evaluation, including nutritional behavior and microbiota composition, could be considered predictive of the metabolic control management for children cohort with a recent diagnosis of T1D.

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“…T1DM is caused by genetic autoimmune destruction of β-cells in the pancreas, in which all or a subset of islets in the pancreas lack insulin-secreting β-cells, leading to hyperglycemia and a decrease in insulin production (15). The production of multiple islet autoantibodies can be precipitated by several environmental factors, including enterovirus infections, nutritional factors (deficiency of vitamin D, excessive consumption of cow milk proteins and nitrates) excessive amounts of glucagon, epinephrine, growth hormones, glucocorticoids, and thiazides and others (16)(17)(18). According to WHO, there are large differences in the incidence and prevalence of T1DM, ranging from over 60 to under 0.5 cases annually per 100,000 children aged under 15 years (19).…”

Section: T1dmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Interplay Between Oral Diseases, Microbiome, and Chronic Diseases Driven by Metabolic Dysfunction in Childhood

et al. 2021

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Oral childhood diseases, such as caries and gingivitis, have much more than a local impact on the dentition and tooth surrounding tissues, which can affect systemic conditions. While the mouth is frequently exposed to microbial stressors that can contribute to an inflammatory state in the entire body, chronic disorders can also interfere with oral health. Sharing common risk factors, a dynamic interplay can be driven between 1. dental caries, gingivitis, and type I diabetes mellitus, 2. early childhood caries and obesity, and 3. caries and cardiovascular diseases. Considering that there are ~2.2 billion children worldwide and that childhood provides unique opportunities for intervention targeting future health promotion, this review is of prime importance and aimed to explore the relationship between the oral microbiome and oral chronic diseases driven by metabolic dysfunction in childhood.

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Microbiota, epidemiological and nutritional factors related to ketoacidosis at the onset of type 1 diabetes

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Risk factors for type 1 diabetes, including environmental, behavioural and gut microbial factors: a case–control study

Risk factors for type 1 diabetes, including environmental, behavioural and gut microbial factors: a case–control study

Gut microbiota, behavior, and nutrition after type 1 diabetes diagnosis: A longitudinal study for supporting data in the metabolic control

Exploring the Interplay Between Oral Diseases, Microbiome, and Chronic Diseases Driven by Metabolic Dysfunction in Childhood

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