Microbiota from alginate oligosaccharide-dosed mice successfully mitigated small intestinal mucositis

Abstract

Background: The increasing incidence of cancer and intestinal mucositis induced by chemotherapeutics are causing worldwide concern. Many approaches such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) have been used to minimize mucositis. However, it is still unknown whether FMT from a donor with beneficial gut microbiota results in more effective intestinal function in the recipient. Recently, we found that alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) benefit murine gut microbiota through increasing "beneficial" microbes to rescue busulfan induced mucositis. Results: In the current investigation, FMT from AOS-dosed mice improved small intestine function over FMT from control mice through the recovery of gene expression and an increase in the levels of cell junction proteins. FMT from AOS-dosed mice showed superior benefits over FMT from control mice on recipient gut microbiotas through an increase in "beneficial" microbes such as Leuconostocaceae and recovery in blood metabolome. Furthermore, the correlation of gut microbiota and blood metabolites suggested that the "beneficial" microbe Lactobacillales helped with the recovery of blood metabolites, while the "harmful" microbe Mycoplasmatales did not. Conclusion: The data confirm our hypothesis that FMT from a donor with superior microbes leads to a more profound recovery of small intestinal function. We propose that gut microbiota from naturally produced AOS-treated donor may be used to prevent small intestinal mucositis induced by chemotherapeutics or other factors in recipients.

Gut microbiota from green tea polyphenol-dosed mice improves intestinal epithelial homeostasis and ameliorates experimental colitis

“…Daily consumption of tea has been shown to reduce the risk of IBD [12,13], and whether the protective effects of its functional components associate with gut microbiota has arisen the attention [38,39]. In agreement with our results between normal controls and mice with colitis, gut microbiota dysbiosis is the character of intestinal diseases, where the therapeutic strategies in modulating gut microbiota such as FMT have arisen the attention [40,41]. Here, we found that EGCG modulated gut microbiota composition and its metabolites, namely, enriching the SCFAsproducing bacteria such as Akkermansia, increasing the SCFAs production, and therefore promoting an antiinflammatory and anti-oxidative state in the gut.…”

Single-Cell Transcriptome Sequencing and Proteomics Reveal Neonatal Ileum Dynamic Developmental Potentials

“…S5d ). As we found in our previous study ( 24 ), the “beneficial” microbiota member Lactobacillus started to appear in the swine ileum at day 3 and remained at a constant level until day 21, while the other 3 major microbiota organisms either decreased or fluctuated during this developmental window. This may be because the experimental piglets were raised solely on maternal milk, without antibiotics, immunization, or other additives, which was reflected by the proportion of the 4 secretory and protective cell types that decreased from day 0 to day 21 ( Fig.…”

Marine Natural Products: Promising Candidates in the Modulation of Gut-Brain Axis towards Neuroprotection

“…Treatment with alginate reduced IL-1β and CD11c inflammatory markers, and improved the growth of GM Lactobacillus gasseri , Lactobacillus reuteri , and Akkermansia muciniphila in mice [ 200 ]. Such beneficial roles of alginate on GM were also reported in other studies [ 201 ]. Additionally, alginate-derived oligosaccharide downregulated pro-inflammatory agent’s expression and enzymes in LPS/Aβ-induced BV2 microglia.…”