Microbiota, Gut Health and Chicken Productivity: What Is the Connection?

Carrasco, Juan María Díaz; Casanova, Natalia A.; Fernández‐Miyakawa, Mariano E.

doi:10.3390/microorganisms7100374

Cited by 286 publications

(265 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…However, in accordance with other studies, our ndings showed that the bacterial richness became relatively stable at mid-period for both breeds under the same production conditions [19,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. This fact evidences the importance of ock management during the production cycle in terms of the microbiota status, as the transmission between environmental and intestinal bacteria is proven [2,7,9,19,42,[46][47][48]. It is important to highlight that bacterial diversity in the intestinal tract is higher in birds with high feed e ciency [2,9,[49][50][51].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Regarding gut microbiota composition, the predominant phyla obtained in this study were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, followed by Proteobacteria [7,9,42,45,47,54]. Thus, any alteration in the microbiota balance could lead to an alteration on the health or productivity of the breed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…This fact evidences the importance of ock management during the production cycle in terms of the microbiota status, as the transmission between environmental and intestinal bacteria is proven [2,7,9,19,42,[46][47][48]. It is important to highlight that bacterial diversity in the intestinal tract is higher in birds with high feed e ciency [2,9,[49][50][51]. Nevertheless, in this study there were only statistically signi cant differences between breeds at slaughter day, probably due to the age difference of the experimental groups, but not to the breed, intestinal health or feed conversion index.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Conversely, an increment of Proteobacteria is associated with dysbiosis and, consequently, with an increase in the presence of zoonotic bacteria belonging to this phylum, such as Salmonella or Campylobacter. For this reason, it is important to ensure strict biosecurity and management control at the beginning of the growing period, when Proteobacteria presents its higher levels, as any stress that could produce an increment in this phylum may result in higher shedding of pathogenic bacteria and environmental contamination throughout rearing [2,9,18,56,57]. Finally, the Bacteroidetes phylum plays an important role in converting fermentable starch to simple sugars and these, in turn, to volatile fatty acids to meet the energy demand of the host, so their presence could be especially affected by diet components [40,54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast and slow-growing breeds: characterisation of broiler caecal microbiota development throughout the growing period

Dasí¹,

Villagrá²,

Toro³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The caecal microbiota and its modulation play an important role in animal health, productivity and disease control in poultry production. In this sense, it could be considered as a biomarker of poultry health. Furthermore, due to the emergence of resistant bacteria and the increasing social pressure to establish animal-friendly management on farms, producers are motivated to select more extensive and antibiotic-free breeds. It is therefore necessary to gain better knowledge on the development of major bacteria in healthy broilers, both in commercial fast-growing and in new slow-growing breeds. Hence, the aim of this study was to characterise caecal microbiota in two genetic poultry breeds throughout the growing period using 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. Results: A total of 50 caecal pools (25 per breed) were sequenced by the 16S rRNA method. The complexity of caecal microbiota composition increased significantly as animals grew. Furthermore, there were statistical differences between breeds at the end of the growing period. The dominant phyla throughout the production cycle were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. The predominantly identified genera were Ruminococcus spp., Lactobacillus spp. and Bacteroides spp.Conclusion: The results showed that the main caecal bacteria for both breeds were similar. Thus, these phyla or genera should be considered as biomarkers of poultry health in the evaluation of different treatments applied to animals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast and slow-growing breeds: characterisation of broiler caecal microbiota development throughout the growing period

Dasí¹,

Villagrá²,

Toro³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Gut microbes start to colonize naturally right from the instant of hatching and perhaps even before at the time of egg laying, several microorganisms may get entry through the pores of eggshell [1][2][3]. Gut microbiota plays an essential role in feed digestibility, nutrient absorption, energy harvest and metabolism [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cecal microbiota affects chicken growth performance by regulating fat metabolism

Zhang¹,

Y²,

Ansari³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background A growing body of evidences suggest critical role of the chicken gut microbiota in growth performance and fat metabolism. However, the underlying mechanism by which the gut microbiota affects chicken growth performance by regulating fat metabolism remains unclear. The purpose of current study was to compare cecal microbial communities between high and low body weight chickens and verify the correlation between fat metabolism and gut microbiota. Results Seven-week-old male and female chickens with significantly different body weight were used in the present study. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to reveal the cecal microbial community. Fat metabolism levels were compared between high and low body weight chickens. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the cecal microbiota and fat metabolism. Transferring fecal microbiota from adult chickens with high body weight into one-day-old chickens was examined by oral administration to verify gut microbiota effects on chicken growth through regulation of fat metabolism. There were significant differences in body weight, chest and leg muscle indexes as well as in cross-sectional area of muscle cells, suggesting different growth performance between high and low body weight chickens. By comparing the relative abundance of gut microbes in the cecal content in high and low body weight chickens, we found that Microbacterium and Sphingomonas were more abundant in high body weight chickens and Slackia was more abundant in low body weight chickens. The fat metabolism level was markedly different in serum, liver, abdominal adipose, chest and leg muscles between high and low body weight chickens. Spearman correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between fat metabolism and the relative abundance of Microbacterium and Sphingomonas and a negative correlation between fat metabolism and the abundance of Slackia. Hence, transferring fecal microbiota, instead of saline, from adult chickens with high body weight into one-day-old chickens improved growth performance and fat metabolism in liver. Conclusions These results suggested that cecal microbiota could affect chicken growth performance by regulating fat metabolism.

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Cholecalciferol combined with Satureja rechingeri essential oils improves growth performance and immune response of broiler chickens

Taghizadeh,

Esmaeili,

Vakili

2024

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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BackgroundVitamin D possesses an important role in the maintenance and health of broiler chickens. Herbal essential oils (EOs) have been proposed as a suitable alternative to chemical drugs in intensive production management systems for better performance of broilers with slight side effects and admirable therapeutic properties.ObjectivesThis experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding cholecalciferol (VD) in combination of Satureja rechingeri EO (SREO) on growth performance, haematological indicators and immunological response of broilers.MethodsA total of 540 1‐day‐old mixed‐sex broiler chickens (Ross 308) were used in a completely randomized design with a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Experimental treatments included different concentrations of cholecalciferol (VD) (0, 2000 and 4000 IU/kg = 0, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg) and SREO (0, 200 and 400 mg/kg) on growth performance, haematological indicators and immunological responses of broiler chickens were investigated.ResultsThe results showed that the chicken fed diet supplemented with 0.1 mg/kg VD (VD0.1) in combination of 200 mg/kg SREO (SREO200) increased the feed intake during the overall and first 14‐day periods of the trial when compared with other dietary treatments. Interaction of VD0.1 × SREO200 led to more body weight gain (BWG) in the grower and finisher phases than all other feed treatment groups. The blood level of lymphocyte at day 42, heterophil at days 28 and 42 and heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio at 14 and 28 days of age were affected by VD0.1 + SREO200 in comparison with VD0 + SREO0 group. Feeding VD and/or SREO decreased triglyceride, cholesterol and low‐density lipoprotein concentrations at days 28 and 42 of the study, especially in VD0.1 + SREO200 treatment. Feeding VD0.1 + SREO200 also resulted in higher serum status of immunoglobulin M, lysozymes and phagocytic percentage among all treatments.ConclusionConsidering the outcomes, it is suggested that the combination of suitable concentration of VD and EO of the plant had favourable effects on the immune system and performance criteria of broiler chickens.

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Microbiota, Gut Health and Chicken Productivity: What Is the Connection?

Cited by 286 publications

References 102 publications

Fast and slow-growing breeds: characterisation of broiler caecal microbiota development throughout the growing period

Fast and slow-growing breeds: characterisation of broiler caecal microbiota development throughout the growing period

Cecal microbiota affects chicken growth performance by regulating fat metabolism

Cholecalciferol combined with Satureja rechingeri essential oils improves growth performance and immune response of broiler chickens

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