Microblading-transmitted Monkeypox (mpox) infection: fomites matter

Castaño-Fernandez, Juan Luis; Grau‐Pérez, Mercè

doi:10.1093/bjd/ljad063

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Five case reports (Akoh et al 2021, Castaño-Fernández & Grau-Pérez 2023, Marcelino et al 2021, Sano et al 2021, Soltany et al 2023) reported microbiological complications in the context of semi-permanent make-up, which included both viral and bacterial infections. The viral infections reported were monkeypox (mpox) (Castaño-Fernández & Grau-Pérez 2023) and Molluscum contagiosum (Marcelino et al 2021) and the bacterial infections reported were orbital cellulitis (Soltany et al 2023), three cases of periorbital cellulitis (Akoh et al 2021, Soltany et al 2023, Sano et al 2021) and necrotising fasciitis (Soltany et al 2023).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A rapid review of physical health risks associated with special procedures (tattooing, body piercing, acupuncture, electrolysis)

Kiseleva,

Csontos,

Edwards

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Special procedures, such as tattooing (including semi-permanent make-up), body piercing, acupuncture and electrolysis involve piercing the skin and carry a potential risk of infection and other complications. This review provides an up-to-date evidence base on the main physical health risks associated with these special procedures.Searches were conducted for research published between 2015 and 2023. Where possible, existing reviews were used. For tattooing, one systematic review including 55 studies was identified. For semi-permanent make-up, 37 cases presented in 31 case reports were identified. For body piercing, four systematic reviews were identified, which covered 174 studies. For acupuncture, one evidence map of 535 systematic reviews without age limits and one overview of 24 systematic reviews focused on children were included. For electrolysis, one case report was identified.Complications and adverse events resulting from special procedures include fungal infections, bacterial infections, viral infections, blood-borne infections, allergic reactions, malignant growths, benign growths, sarcoidosis-related reactions, and a range of other skin and eye-related adverse reactions and dental issues.Research Implications and Evidence GapsMost of the primary evidence for the physical health risks associated with the special procedures came from case reports and case series, which do not allow causal inferences or provide information on the prevalence of adverse events. Future primary research should employ more robust designs to gather evidence about the causal links between special procedures and adverse physical health events as well as about the prevalence of such events in people receiving special procedures. More evidence is needed to identify physical health risks associated with electrolysis.Policy and Practice ImplicationsThe evidence contained in this review will be used to inform the training of local authority enforcement officers and special procedures practitioners and to educate members of the public who seek to use these services. Due to the nature of the special procedures which involves piercing the skin and poses the risk of introducing infections to the body, high standards of hygiene may reduce the rate of infection.Funding statementThe Wales Centre for Evidence Based Care, and the Specialist Unit for Review Evidence, were funded for this work by the Health and Care Research Wales Evidence Centre, itself funded by Health and Care Research Wales on behalf of Welsh Government.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three case reports earned a score of six out of eight (Sano et al 2021, Tierney & Kavanagh 2021, Valbuena et al 2017). Three case reports were rated five out of eight (Bashinskaya et al 2022, Castaño-Fernández & Grau-Pérez 2023, Vera et al 2018). Finally, a single case report was rated four out of eight (Bombonato et al 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid review of physical health risks associated with special procedures (tattooing, body piercing, acupuncture, electrolysis)

Kiseleva,

Csontos,

Edwards

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Mpox: an updated review of dermatological manifestations in the current outbreak

Maronese

Avallone

Aromolo

et al. 2023

British Journal of Dermatology

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Monkeypox (mpox) is a disease caused by a double-stranded DNA orthopoxvirus discovered in 1958. In 2022 an outbreak on an unprecedented scale marked its transition from neglected, zoonotic disease circulating almost exclusively within African borders to sexually transmitted infection (STI) of international concern. Although phylogenetic evidence suggests progressive evolution from the strain associated with the 2018 outbreak in Nigeria, epidemiological links with previous cases are still incompletely elucidated. Clinically, mpox presents with systemic symptoms, such as fever, headache, malaise, and a characteristic cutaneous eruption, similar to that of cognate viruses (e.g., smallpox). Mpox pseudo-pustules evolve through several stages, including umbilication and crusting, and resolve in the span of 2-3 weeks. Disproportionate affection of men that have sex with men, an often localized cutaneous picture and a significant burden in terms of concomitant STIs were the hallmarks setting the 2022 outbreak apart from classic mpox. Investigations into the disease pathogenesis, related immune response, clinical and dermoscopic features, as well as studies aimed at defining novel management strategies, have advanced mpox knowledge considerably. Herein, recent findings on mpox are reviewed, with a keen focus on dermatological manifestations and their implications in the current diagnostic scenario, reinforcing the pivotal role of dermatologists in managing suspect cases and preventing further spread of the contagion.

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Prospective observational study on scar sequelae after MPOX infection: an analysis of 40 patients

Grau‐Echevarría,

Labrandero‐Hoyos,

Peñuelas‐Leal

et al. 2024

Int J Dermatology

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BackgroundMonkeypox (MPOX) caused a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) outbreak between 2022 and 2023, with a recent rise in cases that prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare the disease a PHEIC once again. There is little information on its long‐term scarring sequelae.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to assess the risk and characteristics of scarring in patients with MPOX in a tertiary hospital.MethodsThis is a prospective cohort study including patients diagnosed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. Clinical data were collected and followed up at 12–15 months to assess scarring and its impact on quality of life.ResultsOf the 40 patients, 19 (47.5%) developed scars, which were more common in those with initial cutaneous manifestations. Scars significantly affected the quality of life, especially in the genital and mucosal areas. The limited sample and loss to follow‐up may affect the validity of the results.ConclusionScarring is a frequent and disfiguring sequela of MPOX, particularly in patients with early skin symptoms. Prevention and close follow‐up are crucial in mitigating these complications.

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Microblading-transmitted Monkeypox (mpox) infection: fomites matter

Abstract: Microblading is an increasingly popular semi-permanent tattooing technique used for eyebrow pigmentation, involving the use of needles. During the mpox 2022 outbreak in Spain, a 47 -year-old woman with no relevant medical history presented with a 10-day facial skin eruption.

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

A rapid review of physical health risks associated with special procedures (tattooing, body piercing, acupuncture, electrolysis)

A rapid review of physical health risks associated with special procedures (tattooing, body piercing, acupuncture, electrolysis)

Mpox: an updated review of dermatological manifestations in the current outbreak

Prospective observational study on scar sequelae after MPOX infection: an analysis of 40 patients

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