Microcalcifications in mammary glands

Barth, Volker; Franz, E. D.; Scholl, Albert J.

doi:10.1007/bf00438314

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In the case of the simulation of small details such as a breast calcification it is a requirement that both the contrast and size of the detail are well matched, which requires knowledge of the attenuation properties and (ideally) the composition of the calcification. Although breast calcifications have been studied for many years in radiology, there are only a few works dealing with their chemical compositions (Haka et al 2002, Frappart et al 1986, Morgan et al 2005, Tornos et al 1990, Frouge et al 1993, Barth et al 1977, Hassler et al 1969, Fandos-Morera et al 1988. Further, most studies published to date have analysed only a small number of samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, most studies published to date have analysed only a small number of samples. In general, these authors found in breast calcifications: calcium oxalate in the form of weddellite (Barth et al 1977, Frouge et al 1993, Tornos et al 1990, Morgan et al 2005, Frappart et al 1986, Haka et al 2002, Fandos-Morera et al 1988, calcium and phosphorus, mainly in the form of hydroxyapatite (Morgan et al 2005, Frappart et al 1986, Haka et al 2002, Hassler 1969 or tricalcium phosphate (Hassler 1969), but the presence of some type of specific chemical composition relating to the benign or malignant condition of breast tumours is still an open subject. Haka et al (2002) and Frappart et al (1986) found that there were two types of calcifications; type 1 which consisted of calcium oxalate were associated with benign calcifications and type 2 which consisted of hydroxyapatite were associated with malignant calcifications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast Fandos-Morera et al (1988) detected calcite, aragonite or calcium oxalate depending on the case, and found that calcium oxalate was found only in malignant breast tissues. Barth et al (1977) investigated a case of proliferative mastopathy and detected calcium oxalate. Tornos et al (1990) found that in cases of intraductal and infiltrating ductal carcinoma the calcium oxalate crystals were seen within areas of benign histology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of the x-ray attenuation properties of breast calcifications, aluminium, hydroxyapatite and calcium oxalate

et al. 2013

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Aluminium is often used as a substitute material for calcifications in phantom measurements in mammography. Additionally, calcium oxalate, hydroxyapatite and aluminium are used in simulation studies. This assumes that these materials have similar attenuation properties to calcification, and this assumption is examined in this work. Sliced mastectomy samples containing calcification were imaged at ×5 magnification using a digital specimen cabinet. Images of the individual calcifications were extracted, and the diameter and contrast of each calculated. The thicknesses of aluminium required to achieve the same contrast as each calcification when imaged under the same conditions were calculated using measurements of the contrast of aluminium foils. As hydroxyapatite and calcium oxalate are also used to simulate calcifications, the equivalent aluminium thicknesses of these materials were also calculated using tabulated attenuation coefficients. On average the equivalent aluminium thickness was 0.85 times the calcification diameter. For calcium oxalate and hydroxyapatite, the equivalent aluminium thicknesses were 1.01 and 2.19 times the thickness of these materials respectively. Aluminium and calcium oxalate are suitable substitute materials for calcifications. Hydroxyapatite is much more attenuating than the calcifications and aluminium. Using solid hydroxyapatite as a substitute for calcification of the same size would lead to excessive contrast in the mammographic image.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of the x-ray attenuation properties of breast calcifications, aluminium, hydroxyapatite and calcium oxalate

et al. 2013

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“…Furthermore, the chemical composition of these structures is correlated with benign or malignant types of associated lesions inside breast tissue. 10 However, practical implementation of an in vivo XRD approach is difficult (and uses potentially harmful ionising radiation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the effect of laser excitation wavelength on signal recovery with deep tissue transmission Raman spectroscopy

Ghiţă

Matousek

Stone

2016

Analyst

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The aim of this research was to find the optimal Raman excitation wavelength to attain the largest possible sensitivity in deep Raman spectroscopy of breast tissue. This involved careful consideration of factors such as tissue absorption, scattering, fluorescence and instrument response function. The study examined the tissue absorption profile combined with Raman scattering and detection sensitivity at seven different, laser excitation wavelengths in the near infrared region of the spectrum. Several key scenarios in regards to the sample position within the tissue were examined. The highest Raman band visibility over the background ratio in respect to biological tissue provides the necessary information for determining the optimum laser excitation wavelength for deep tissue analysis using transmission Raman spectroscopy, including detection of breast calcifications. For thick tissues with a mix of protein and fat, such as breast tissue, 790-810 nm is concluded to be the optimum excitation wavelength for deep Raman measurements.

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“…Calcium-containing crystals are mitogenic (Cheung et al, 1986), and calcifications commonly occur in breast carcinomas (Winters et al, 1986). Calcification in this situation may result from disarrangement of the crystal inhibitory function of epithelial-stroma-junction glycosaminoglycans (Barth et al, 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%