Microchimerism

Adams, Kristina M.; Nelson, J. Lee

doi:10.1001/jama.291.9.1127

Cited by 192 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…An important observation that arose from studies of fetal microchimerism in systemic sclerosis was that the simple presence of microchimerism is common in healthy individuals, and quantitative techniques are important in the comparison of patients to controls (10,11). Whereas male DNA can be quantified in women who gave birth to sons as a measure of fetal microchimerism, another approach was needed for MMc.…”

Section: Maternal Cells Have Recently Been Found In the Circulation Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal microchimerism in peripheral blood in type 1 diabetes and pancreatic islet β cell microchimerism

Nelson

Gillespie

Lambert

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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170

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Maternal cells have recently been found in the circulation and tissues of mothers' immune-competent children, including in adult life, and is referred to as maternal microchimerism (MMc). Whether MMc confers benefits during development or later in life or sometimes has adverse effects is unknown. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects children and young adults. To identify and quantify MMc, we developed a panel of quantitative PCR assays targeting nontransmitted, nonshared maternal-specific HLA alleles. MMc was assayed in peripheral blood from 172 individuals, 94 with T1D, 54 unaffected siblings, and 24 unrelated healthy subjects. MMc levels, expressed as the genome equivalent per 100,000 proband cells, were significantly higher in T1D patients than unaffected siblings and healthy subjects. Medians and ranges, respectively, were 0.09 (0 -530), 0 (0 -153), and 0 (0 -7.9). Differences between groups were evident irrespective of HLA genotypes. However, for patients with the T1D-associated DQB1*0302-DRB1*04 haplotype, MMc was found more often when the haplotype was paternally (70%) rather than maternally transmitted (14%). In other studies, we looked for female islet ␤ cells in four male pancreases from autopsies, one from a T1D patient, employing FISH for X and Y chromosomes with concomitant CD45 and ␤ cell insulin staining. Female islet ␤ cells (presumed maternal) formed 0.39 -0.96% of the total, whereas female hematopoietic cells were very rare. Thus, T1D patients have higher levels of MMc in their circulation than unaffected siblings and healthy individuals, and MMc contributes to islet ␤ cells in a mother's progeny.quantitative PCR ͉ chimerism ͉ autoimmunity ͉ pancreas ͉ HLA

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Section: Maternal Cells Have Recently Been Found In the Circulation Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal microchimerism in peripheral blood in type 1 diabetes and pancreatic islet β cell microchimerism

Nelson

Gillespie

Lambert

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

170

166

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“…Natural Tregs originate in the thymus and are speciic for self-antigens presented by thymic epithelial cells [42]. Maternal cells commonly cross the placenta and engraft into fetal circulation and tissues in uterus, resulting in maternal microchimerism [17,43]. Naturally acquired microchimerism can contribute to autoimmune diseases.…”

Section: Circulating T Cells In the Fetus And Neonate Are Fundamentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Naturally acquired microchimerism can contribute to autoimmune diseases. In particular, maternal microchimerism has been studied in systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, and neonatal lupus [43]. Especially, Tregs in UCB may contribute to maintain the immune homeostasis in the feto-maternal relationship, and the presence of Tregs would be essential to prevent immune dysregulation in fetus and neonates [17,44].…”

Section: Circulating T Cells In the Fetus And Neonate Are Fundamentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reference Intervals of Platelets, Lymphocytes and Cardiac Biomarkers in Umbilical Cord Blood

Kim¹,

Hur²,

Moon³

et al. 2017

Umbilical Cord Blood Banking for Clinical Application and Regenerative Medicine

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The umbilical cord blood (UCB) can be used for early detection of neonatal diseases. The UCB can be used for early detection of neonatal diseases. Establishing reference intervals is essential for appropriate interpretation of results of laboratory tests using UCB and for correct medical decisions of pediatricians and neonatologists. The use of proper reference intervals provides reliable information to pediatricians and neonatologists; thus, they could make correct medical decisions for neonates. This chapter discussed reference intervals of platelets, lymphocytes, and cardiac biomarkers in UCB according to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Except iatrogenic anemia, thrombocytopenia is the most common hematologic abnormality in neonates. Immature platelet fraction is a novel parameter to estimate megakaryopoiesis and can be useful to understand the mechanism of thrombocytopenia, platelet destruction or bone marrow failure, in neonates. Lymphocyte counts, T cell and B cell, can relect status of immune system in fetus and neonates. Especially Tregs in UCB may contribute to maintain the immune homeostasis in the feto-maternal relationship, and the presence of Tregs would be essential to prevent immune dysregulation in fetus and neonates. Congenital heart disease or defect is the most common birth defect in newborns. Cardiac biomarkers are essential to evaluate heart function and to give information of myocardial injury, necrosis, or myocardial stretch. There are no current guidelines for their routine use in children.

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“…Maternal myocytes have been identified in the heart tissue of an infant who died of congenital heart block with neonatal lupus syndrome (Fig. 1) [69]. On the other hand, women decades following the birth of their sons developed systemic sclerosis [69,70].…”

Section: Transfusion Associated Microchimerism: a Recently Identifiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) [69]. On the other hand, women decades following the birth of their sons developed systemic sclerosis [69,70]. However, the impact of TAMC on the development of acute and chronic adverse events or its beneficial effects among patients receiving blood transfusion in the setting of acute coronary syndrome and percutaneous coronary intervention remains to be explored.…”

Section: Transfusion Associated Microchimerism: a Recently Identifiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfusion associated microchimerism: a heretofore little recognized complication following transfusion

Kunadian

Zorkun

Gibson

et al. 2008

J Thromb Thrombolysis

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Potent antiplatelet and antithrombotic agents have significantly reduced mortality in the setting of acute coronary syndromes and percutaneous coronary intervention. However these agents are associated with increased bleeding which is in turn associated with adverse clinical outcomes. In many centers, transfusion is often used to correct for blood loss. Blood transfusion in the setting of acute coronary syndrome has been associated with adverse clinical outcomes including increased mortality. Transfusion associated microchimerism (TA-MC) is a newly recognized complication of blood transfusion. There is engraftment of the donor's hematopoietic stem cells in patients who then develop microchimerism. This article discusses the association of bleeding/blood transfusion with adverse outcomes and the potential role of TA-MC in clinical outcomes.

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Microchimerism

Cited by 192 publications

References 28 publications

Maternal microchimerism in peripheral blood in type 1 diabetes and pancreatic islet β cell microchimerism

Maternal microchimerism in peripheral blood in type 1 diabetes and pancreatic islet β cell microchimerism

Reference Intervals of Platelets, Lymphocytes and Cardiac Biomarkers in Umbilical Cord Blood

Transfusion associated microchimerism: a heretofore little recognized complication following transfusion

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