Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis for
            <i>In Situ</i>
            Planetary Exploration

Willis, Peter; Stockton, Amanda M.

doi:10.1002/9781118530009.ch15

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…As a portable and sensitive technique for in situ analysis, ME-LIF has been of interest to the astrobiology community for many years. ,− There have been several attempts toward the development of instrumentation to perform automated end-to-end ME-LIF analysis. , Most recently, our lab demonstrated the first automated end-to-end sample processing, separation, and detection of amino acids with a single microfluidic device . Ongoing work in our group is focused on the development of the Chemical Laptop, and all-in-one battery-powered ME-LIF instrument for automated in situ analysis …”

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confidence: 99%

Enhanced Resolution of Chiral Amino Acids with Capillary Electrophoresis for Biosignature Detection in Extraterrestrial Samples

2016

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Amino acids are fundamental building blocks of terrestrial life as well as ubiquitous byproducts of abiotic reactions. In order to distinguish between amino acids formed by abiotic versus biotic processes it is possible to use chemical distributions to identify patterns unique to life. This article describes two capillary electrophoresis methods capable of resolving 17 amino acids found in high abundance in both biotic and abiotic samples (seven enantiomer pairs d/l-Ala, -Asp, -Glu, -His, -Leu, -Ser, -Val and the three achiral amino acids Gly, β-Ala, and GABA). To resolve the 13 neutral amino acids one method utilizes a background electrolyte containing γ-cyclodextrin and sodium taurocholate micelles. The acidic amino acid enantiomers were resolved with γ-cyclodextrin alone. These methods allow detection limits down to 5 nM for the neutral amino acids and 500 nM for acidic amino acids and were used to analyze samples collected from Mono Lake with minimal sample preparation.

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confidence: 99%

Enhanced Resolution of Chiral Amino Acids with Capillary Electrophoresis for Biosignature Detection in Extraterrestrial Samples

2016

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“…This system used a hybrid microchip with integrated pneumatic valves for fluidic manipulations of liquid solutions prepared and supplied by a human operator, as described earlier [63]. The progression of this and related hardware has been discussed in detail in two previous reviews from our laboratory [81,82]. Simultaneously, SCWE technology was being developed by Grunthaner and Amashukeli at JPL (Fig.…”

Section: Trl 3: Proof-of-concept Demonstrationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Implementation of microchip electrophoresis instrumentation for future spaceflight missions

2015

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We present a comprehensive discussion of the role that microchip electrophoresis (ME) instrumentation could play in future NASA missions of exploration, as well as the current barriers that must be overcome to make this type of chemical investigation possible. We describe how ME would be able to fill fundamental gaps in our knowledge of the potential for past, present, or future life beyond Earth. Despite the great promise of ME for ultrasensitive portable chemical analysis, to date, it has never been used on a robotic mission of exploration to another world. We provide a current snapshot of the technology readiness level (TRL) of ME instrumentation, where the TRL is the NASA systems engineering metric used to evaluate the maturity of technology, and its fitness for implementation on missions. We explain how the NASA flight implementation process would apply specifically to ME instrumentation, and outline the scientific and technology development issues that must be addressed for ME analyses to be performed successfully on another world. We also outline research demonstrations that could be accomplished by independent researchers to help advance the TRL of ME instrumentation for future exploration missions. The overall approach described here for system development could be readily applied to a wide range of other instrumentation development efforts having broad societal and commercial impact.

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Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis for In Situ Planetary Exploration

Cited by 2 publications

References 43 publications

Enhanced Resolution of Chiral Amino Acids with Capillary Electrophoresis for Biosignature Detection in Extraterrestrial Samples

Enhanced Resolution of Chiral Amino Acids with Capillary Electrophoresis for Biosignature Detection in Extraterrestrial Samples

Implementation of microchip electrophoresis instrumentation for future spaceflight missions

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