Microchip Electrophoresis for Fluorescence-Based Measurement of Polynucleic Acids: Recent Developments

Nouwairi, Renna; O'Connell, Killian C; Gunnoe, Leah M; Landers, James P.

doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04596

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…Owing to high selectivity and potential tolerance to matrix components, CE can be used to diagnose diseases by analyzing small ions [55], organic acid-base compounds [56], amino acids [57,58], peptides [59], proteins [60][61][62] and nucleic acids [63][64][65] in biological body fluids. As a result, CE has obtained a significant position in the field of clinical medical diagnosis [66,67].…”

Section: Clinical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of capillary electrophoresis in the fields of environmental, pharmaceutical, clinical, and food analysis (2019–2021)

Wang

Gong

Liu

et al. 2022

J of Separation Science

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So far, the potential of capillary electrophoresis in the application fields has been increasingly excavated due to the advantages of simple operation, short analysis time, high‐resolution, less sample consumption, and low cost. This review examines the implementations and advancements of capillary electrophoresis in different application fields (environmental, pharmaceutical, clinical, and food analysis) covering the literature from 2019 to 2021. In addition, ultrasmall sample injection volume (nanoliter range) and short optical path lead to relatively low concentration sensitivity of the most frequently used ultraviolet‐absorption spectrophotometric detection, so the pretreatment technology being developed has been gradually utilized to overcome this problem. Despite the review being focused on the development of capillary electrophoresis in the fields of environmental, pharmaceutical, clinical, and food analysis, the new sample pretreatment techniques of microextraction and enrichment fit excellently to capillary electrophoresis in recent three years are also described briefly.

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Section: Clinical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of capillary electrophoresis in the fields of environmental, pharmaceutical, clinical, and food analysis (2019–2021)

Wang

Gong

Liu

et al. 2022

J of Separation Science

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“… 1 − 4 Such devices are characterized by their ability to analyze small quantities of a sample with small reagent consumption, reduced analysis time, and in some instances lower limits of detection. 5 − 7 Several materials have been used for fabrication since microchip electrophoresis devices were first proposed by Manz et al 8 Initial approaches involved the use of photolithography and wet etching to fabricate devices in glass substrates (after thermal bonding against a cover), with channel dimensions of ∼30 × 10 μm 2 . 9 Glass was initially a popular material owing to its surface similarities to fused-silica capillaries, high thermal stability, biocompatibility, chemical resistance, optical transparency, and stable electroosmotic flow (EOF).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microchip electrophoresis has been widely shown to be an attractive separation technique for a wide range of applications including environmental monitoring, biomedical and pharmaceutical analysis, forensics investigation, and clinical diagnostics. − Such devices are characterized by their ability to analyze small quantities of a sample with small reagent consumption, reduced analysis time, and in some instances lower limits of detection. − Several materials have been used for fabrication since microchip electrophoresis devices were first proposed by Manz et al Initial approaches involved the use of photolithography and wet etching to fabricate devices in glass substrates (after thermal bonding against a cover), with channel dimensions of ∼30 × 10 μm 2 . Glass was initially a popular material owing to its surface similarities to fused-silica capillaries, high thermal stability, biocompatibility, chemical resistance, optical transparency, and stable electroosmotic flow (EOF). , Despite the benefits of using glass for microdevice fabrication, the overall process is often expensive, time consuming, uses hazardous chemicals (such as HF), and requires a clean room facility …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PolyJet-Based 3D Printing against Micromolds to Produce Channel Structures for Microchip Electrophoresis

2022

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In this work, we demonstrate the ability to use micromolds along with a stacked three-dimensional (3D) printing process on a commercially available PolyJet printer to fabricate microchip electrophoresis devices that have a T-intersection, with channel cross sections as small as 48 × 12 μm 2 being possible. The fabrication process involves embedding removable materials or molds during the printing process, with various molds being possible (wires, brass molds, PDMS molds, or sacrificial materials). When the molds are delaminated/removed, recessed features complementary to the molds are left in the 3D prints. A thermal lab press is used to bond the microchannel layer that also contains printed reservoirs against another solid 3D-printed part to completely seal the microchannels. The devices exhibited cathodic electroosmotic flow (EOF), and mixtures of fluorescein isothiocyanate isomer I (FITC)-labeled amino acids were successfully separated on these 3D-printed devices using both gated and pinched electrokinetic injections. While this application is focused on microchip electrophoresis, the ability to 3D-print against molds that can subsequently be removed is a general methodology to decrease the channel size for other applications as well as to possibly integrate 3D printing with other production processes.

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“…Microfluidic technologies are attractive for both lab-based and fieldable applications due to the inherently small footprint, minimal reagent/sample volume requirements, rapid analysis times, ease of use and, if needed, portability [ 26 , 27 ]. Significant advances have been made through research and development of microfluidic devices for a range of applications, including clinical (e.g., virus detection [ 28 ], biomolecule cleaning [ 29 ], etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Microchip Electrophoretic Separation of Novel Transcriptomic Body Fluid Markers for Forensic Fluid Profiling

et al. 2022

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Initial screening of criminal evidence often involves serological testing of stains of unknown composition and/or origin discovered at a crime scene to determine the tissue of origin. This testing is presumptive but critical for contextualizing the scene. Here, we describe a microfluidic approach for body fluid profiling via fluorescent electrophoretic separation of a published mRNA panel that provides unparalleled specificity and sensitivity. This centrifugal microfluidic approach expedites and automates the electrophoresis process by allowing for simple, rotationally driven flow and polymer loading through a 5 cm separation channel; with each disc containing three identical domains, multi-sample analysis is possible with a single disc and multi-sample detection per disc. The centrifugal platform enables a series of sequential unit operations (metering, mixing, aliquoting, heating, storage) to execute automated electrophoretic separation. Results show on-disc fluorescent detection and sizing of amplicons to perform comparably with a commercial ‘gold standard’ benchtop instrument and permitted sensitive, empirical discrimination between five distinct body fluids in less than 10 min. Notably, our microfluidic platform represents a faster, simpler method for separation of a transcriptomic panel to be used for forensically relevant body fluid identification.

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Microchip Electrophoresis for Fluorescence-Based Measurement of Polynucleic Acids: Recent Developments

Cited by 17 publications

References 125 publications

Applications of capillary electrophoresis in the fields of environmental, pharmaceutical, clinical, and food analysis (2019–2021)

Applications of capillary electrophoresis in the fields of environmental, pharmaceutical, clinical, and food analysis (2019–2021)

PolyJet-Based 3D Printing against Micromolds to Produce Channel Structures for Microchip Electrophoresis

Rapid Microchip Electrophoretic Separation of Novel Transcriptomic Body Fluid Markers for Forensic Fluid Profiling

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