Microcirculation: function and regulation in microvasculature

Okabe, Eiichiro; Todoki, Kazuo; Itô, Haruo

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-0421-7_9

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…1 More specically, the human microvasculature system is a branched web consisting of tubularly structured arterioles (10-100 mm diameter in size), capillaries (4-12 mm diameter in size), and venules (10-100 mm diameter in size). [1][2][3][4][5] Together, these microvessels control the microcirculation of nutrients, oxygen supply, and waste between tissues and blood in the human body. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] However, due to the complex and variable physiological processes that these microvessels partake in during invasive and noninvasive states, there is a lack of knowledge on how the human microvasculature system naturally functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Together, these microvessels control the microcirculation of nutrients, oxygen supply, and waste between tissues and blood in the human body. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] However, due to the complex and variable physiological processes that these microvessels partake in during invasive and noninvasive states, there is a lack of knowledge on how the human microvasculature system naturally functions. 6 An array of in vivo and ex vivo studies have been conducted to uncover the extensive physiological behaviors of the microvasculature in homeostasis, disease, and medically prevalent conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manufacturing of poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate)-based hollow microvessels using microfluidics

et al. 2020

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacturing of poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate)-based hollow microvessels using microfluidics

et al. 2020

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“…This transient hyperemic reaction may be due to a pulpal regulatory response, allowing the increase of pulpal blood flow to affected tissues through pulpal vasodilation. 23 This might promote a clearance of local anesthetics. Thereafter, the PBF in both teeth returned to the baseline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia of 4% articaine and epinephrine 1:100,000 on blood flow and anesthesia of human mandibular teeth

Samdrup

Kijsamanmith

Vongsavan

et al. 2021

Journal of Dental Sciences

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Background/purpose Local anesthetics and anesthetic techniques affect the patterns of pulpal blood flow (PBF) and pulpal anesthesia in human teeth. This study aimed to determine PBF changes and pulpal anesthesia of intact mandibular first molars and canines after administration of 4% articaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 using inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB). Materials and methods Ten healthy subjects received IANB of 4% articaine with epinephrine 1:100,000. Laser Doppler flowmetry and electrical pulp testing were combined to assess PBF changes and pulpal anesthesia of intact mandibular first molars and canines. The data were analyzed using one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and Student–Newman–Keuls test. Results IANB with 4% articaine and epinephrine 1:100,000 did not have any significant change in PBF for the first 20 min post injection in mandibular first molars, and for 45 min post injection in the canines ( P > 0.05). However, a hyperemic response occurred during 25–60 min post injection in the molars, and between 60 and 75 min post injection in the canines ( P < 0.05). Thereafter, the PBF in both teeth returned to the baseline. Onset of pulpal anesthesia was 8.60 ± 2.12 min in the molars, and 9 ± 1.94 min in the canines. Duration of pulpal anesthesia was 82.40 ± 41.56 min in the molars, and 84 ± 47.40 min in the canines. Conclusion In case of successful IANB, 4% articaine and epinephrine 1:100,000 caused insignificant changes in PBF up to 30 min but a hyperemic response at later time points. Thereafter, the PBF returned to the baseline.

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“…The quantification of vascular responses during reactive hyperaemia induced by arterial occlusion is a fundamental assessment of vascular function, both at the macro‐ and at the microvascular level (Rosenberry & Nelson, 2020 ). Microvascular responses, a critical component of overall cardiovascular health, play a pivotal role in regulating blood flow, oxygen delivery, removal of waste products and nutrient exchange within tissues (Okabe et al., 1990 ). Therefore, dysfunction in microvascular regulation has been implicated in various pathological conditions such as hypertension (Mitchell et al., 2004 ), diabetes (López‐Galán et al., 2023 ) and cardiovascular diseases (Anderson et al., 2011 ; Huang et al., 2007 ; Ishibashi et al., 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and sex differences in microvascular responses during reactive hyperaemia

Citherlet,

Raberin,

Manferdelli

et al. 2024

Experimental Physiology

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Microvascular impairments are typical of several cardiovascular diseases. Near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with a vascular occlusion test provides non‐invasive insights into microvascular responses by monitoring skeletal muscle oxygenation changes during reactive hyperaemia. Despite increasing interest in the effects of sex and ageing on microvascular responses, evidence remains inconsistent. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of sex and age on microvascular responsiveness. Twenty‐seven participants (seven young men and seven young women; seven older men and six older women; aged 26 ± 1, 26 ± 4, 67 ± 3 and 69 ± 4 years, respectively) completed a vascular occlusion test consisting of 5 min of arterial occlusion followed by 5 min reperfusion. Oxygenation changes in the vastus lateralis were monitored by near‐infrared spectroscopy. The findings revealed that both women (referring to young and older women) and older participants (referring to both men and women) exhibited lower microvascular responsiveness. Notably, both women and older participants demonstrated reduced desaturation (−38% and −59%, respectively) and reperfusion rates (−24% and −40%, respectively) along with a narrower range of tissue oxygenation (−39% and −39%, respectively) and higher minimal tissue oxygenation levels (+34% and +21%, respectively). Women additionally displayed higher values in resting (+12%) and time‐to‐peak (+15%) tissue oxygenation levels. In conclusion, this study confirmed decreased microvascular responses in women and older individuals. These results emphasize the importance of considering sex and age when studying microvascular responses. Further research is needed to uncover the underlying mechanisms and clinical relevance of these findings, enabling the development of tailored strategies for preserving vascular health in diverse populations.

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Microcirculation: function and regulation in microvasculature

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Manufacturing of poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate)-based hollow microvessels using microfluidics

Manufacturing of poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate)-based hollow microvessels using microfluidics

The effect of inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia of 4% articaine and epinephrine 1:100,000 on blood flow and anesthesia of human mandibular teeth

Age and sex differences in microvascular responses during reactive hyperaemia

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