Microclimate buffering of winter temperatures by pine stumps in a temperate forest

Walczyńska, Aleksandra; Kapusta, Paweł

doi:10.1007/s00382-016-3184-6

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…They provide a greater variety of microhabitats (Martikainen et al ., ) and often decompose more gradually than smaller debris (Gossner et al ., & Vrska et al ., ). The most important factor may be the relatively stable humidity, and possibly also temperature, inside the larger pieces of dead wood, especially large logs (Lachat et al ., ; Walczynska & Kapusta, ). A preference for large logs has also been reported for another slime mould feeding beetle, Agathidium pulchellum Wankowicz, 1869 (Laaksonen et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size matters! Habitat preferences of the wrinkled bark beetle,Rhysodes sulcatus, the relict species of European primeval forests

Kostanjšek

Sebek

Baranová

et al. 2018

Insect Conserv Diversity

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1. The wrinkled bark beetle Rhysodes sulcatus is an endangered saproxylic beetle listed in the European Habitats Directive and in the Bern Convention (Annex II). It is considered a relict of primeval forests and belongs among the most threatened saproxylic beetles in Europe.2. The purpose of this study was to identify the key habitat requirements of the species. The study was carried out at several locations within different forest types in mid elevation forests dominated by oak, beech and spruce and montane beech-fir forests in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Croatia.3. Coarse woody debris was checked for the presence of the beetle, and parameters of each inspected dead wood unit and its surroundings were recorded, including diameter, length, humidity, insolation, decomposition level and rot type. Surrounding forest characteristics, such as canopy density, main tree species, undergrowth, the amount and quality of the dead wood were also recorded.4. The analysis shows that the presence of the beetle is affected mainly by the diameter of dead wood as well as its humidity, as R. sulcatus was almost exclusively found in large, moist and well rotten fallen logs with a diameter greater than 60 cm. These findings may provide useful guidelines for sustainable forest management, specifically emphasising the need to retain large fallen logs at sites inhabited by R. sulcatus populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size matters! Habitat preferences of the wrinkled bark beetle,Rhysodes sulcatus, the relict species of European primeval forests

Kostanjšek

Sebek

Baranová

et al. 2018

Insect Conserv Diversity

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“…Depending on the size of the adult, saproxylophages can grow, develop, and reach maturity by consuming wood rich in fungal hyphae over the course of several years (Filipiak and Weiner 2017a), and during this period, they are able to gather all the building blocks (atoms) required to develop their adult bodies. This prolonged developmental time is feasible because the interior of the dead wood is a safe environment that provides superior climatic conditions, thereby reducing mortality compared with that of insects in the surrounding environment (Walczyńska 2010;Filipiak and Weiner 2017a;Walczyńska and Kapusta 2017).…”

Section: Limitations On the Growth And Development Of Saproxylophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Dynamics in Decomposing Dead Wood in the Context of Wood Eater Requirements: The Ecological Stoichiometry of Saproxylophagous Insects

Filipiak

2018

Zoological Monographs

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Dead wood is rich in sugars and can serve as an energy source when digested, but it lacks other nutrients, preventing the growth, development, and maturation of saproxylophages (saproxylic organisms that consume dead wood at any stage of decomposition). Split into atoms, sugars only serve as a source of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, thereby providing insufficient nutrition for saproxylophages and for their digestive tract symbionts, despite the ability of certain symbionts to assimilate nitrogen directly from the air. Ecological stoichiometry framework was applied to understand how nutritional scarcity shapes saproxylophage-dead wood interactions. Dead wood is 1-3 orders of magnitude inadequate in biologically essential elements (N, P, K, Na, Mg, Zn, and Cu), compared to requirements of its consumers, preventing the production of necessary organic compounds, thus limiting saproxylophages' growth, development, and maintenance. However, the wood is nutritionally unstable. During decomposition, concentrations of the biologically essential elements increase promoting saproxylophage development. Three mechanisms contribute to the nutrient dynamics in dead wood: (1) C loss, which increases the concentration of other essential elements, (2) N fixation by prokaryotes, and (3) fungal transport of outside nutrients. Prokaryotic N fixation partially mitigates the limitations on saproxylophages by the scarcity of N, often the most limiting nutrient, but co-limitation by seven elements (N, P, K, Na, Mg, Zn, and Cu) may occur. Fungal transport can shape nutrient dynamics early in wood decay, rearranging extremely scarce nutritional composition of dead wood environment during its initial stage of decomposition and assisting saproxylophage growth and development. This transport considerably alters the relative and total amounts of non-C elements, mitigating also nutritional constraints experienced by saproxylophages inhabiting such nutritionally enriched wood during

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“…Several of these characteristics are assumed to influence the microclimate inside deadwood and consequently often used as proxies for microclimatic conditions (wood diameter: Schauer et al 2018 ; direction: Burns et al 2014 ; Buse et al 2015 ; Müller et al 2015 ; canopy openness: Seibold et al 2016 ; Thorn et al 2018 ; Müller et al 2020 ), and log/snag: Bouget et al 2012 ; Johansson et al 2017 ). Only for certain characteristics, such as canopy openness, direction (Vermunt et al 2012 ; Romo et al 2019 ), and the depth of wood (Walczyńska and Kapusta 2017 ; Romo et al 2019 ), there are indeed evidence that they are related with microclimate inside deadwood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microclimatic conditions mediate the effect of deadwood and forest characteristics on a threatened beetle species, Tragosoma depsarium

2022

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While climate change has increased the interest in the influence of microclimate on many organisms, species inhabiting deadwood have rarely been studied. Here, we explore how characteristics of forest stands and deadwood affect microclimate inside deadwood, and analyse how this affects wood-living organisms, exemplified by the red-listed beetle Tragosoma depsarium. Deadwood and forest variables explained much of the variation in temperature, but less of the variation in moisture within deadwood. Several variables known to influence habitat quality for deadwood-dependent species were found to correlate with microclimate. Standing deadwood and an open canopy generates warmer conditions in comparison to downed logs and a closed canopy, and shaded, downed and large-diameter wood have higher moisture and more stable daily temperatures than sun-exposed, standing, and small-diameter wood. T. depsarium occupancy and abundance increased with colder and more stable winter temperatures, and with higher spring temperatures. Consistently, the species occurred more frequently in deadwood items with characteristics associated with these conditions, i.e. downed large-diameter logs occurring in open conditions. Conclusively, microclimatic conditions were found to be important for a deadwood-dependent insect, and related to characteristics of both forest stands and deadwood items. Since microclimate is also affected by macroclimatic conditions, we expect species’ habitat requirements to vary locally and regionally, and to change due to climate warming. Although many saproxylic species preferring sun-exposed conditions would benefit from a warmer climate per se, changes in species interactions and land use may still result in negative net effects of climate warming.

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Microclimate buffering of winter temperatures by pine stumps in a temperate forest

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

Size matters! Habitat preferences of the wrinkled bark beetle,Rhysodes sulcatus, the relict species of European primeval forests

Size matters! Habitat preferences of the wrinkled bark beetle,Rhysodes sulcatus, the relict species of European primeval forests

Nutrient Dynamics in Decomposing Dead Wood in the Context of Wood Eater Requirements: The Ecological Stoichiometry of Saproxylophagous Insects

Microclimatic conditions mediate the effect of deadwood and forest characteristics on a threatened beetle species, Tragosoma depsarium

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