Microecology of the gastrointestinal tract and the immunological status under food allergy

Kuvaeva, I. B.; Orlova, N. G.; Veselova, O L; Kuznezova, G. G.; Боровик, Т Э

doi:10.1002/food.19840280645

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…and Bifidobacteria spp. have been shown to decrease, and levels of Enterobacteriaceae are increased [171] in individuals with food allergies. The addition of lactose to the diet modulates the composition of gut microbiota by increasing the total fecal counts of Lactobacillus spp.…”

Section: Intestinal Microbiota and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Diet-Induced Dysbiosis of the Intestinal Microbiota and the Effects on Immunity and Disease

et al. 2012

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The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota is the collection of microbes which reside in the GI tract and represents the largest source of non-self antigens in the human body. The GI tract functions as a major immunological organ as it must maintain tolerance to commensal and dietary antigens while remaining responsive to pathogenic stimuli. If this balance is disrupted, inappropriate inflammatory processes can result, leading to host cell damage and/or autoimmunity. Evidence suggests that the composition of the intestinal microbiota can influence susceptibility to chronic disease of the intestinal tract including ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, celiac disease and irritable bowel syndrome, as well as more systemic diseases such as obesity, type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Interestingly, a considerable shift in diet has coincided with increased incidence of many of these inflammatory diseases. It was originally believed that the composition of the intestinal microbiota was relatively stable from early childhood; however, recent evidence suggests that diet can cause dysbiosis, an alteration in the composition of the microbiota, which could lead to aberrant immune responses. The role of the microbiota and the potential for diet-induced dysbiosis in inflammatory conditions of the GI tract and systemic diseases will be discussed.

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Section: Intestinal Microbiota and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Diet-Induced Dysbiosis of the Intestinal Microbiota and the Effects on Immunity and Disease

et al. 2012

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“…All studies, except one, are presented and compared in Table 2 according to the type of atopic disease under study, the study population, design and methodology to examine the intestinal microbiota. One study (65) was not incorporated in Table 2, because it lacked statistical analysis and a reference group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Already in the early 1980s, Russian scientists linked food allergy to abnormal intestinal microbiota (65). The authors examined 60 infants with dermatological syndrome, caused by food allergy and reported dysbacteriosis of different degrees in all cases.…”

Section: Culture-dependent Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the intestinal microbiota in the development of atopic disorders

Penders

Stobberingh

Brandt

et al. 2007

Allergy

371

295

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The prevalence of atopic diseases, including eczema, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma, has increased worldwide, predominantly in westernized countries. Recent epidemiological studies and experimental research suggest that microbial stimulation of the immune system influences the development of tolerance to innocuous allergens. The gastrointestinal microbiota composition may be of particular interest, as it provides an early and major source of immune stimulation and seems to be a prerequisite for the development of oral tolerance. In this review the observational studies of the association between the gut microbiota and atopic diseases are discussed. Although most studies indicated an association between the gut microbiota composition and atopic sensitization or symptoms, no specific harmful or protective microbes can be identified yet. Some important methodological issues that have to be considered are the microbiological methods used (traditional culture vs molecular techniques), the timing of examining the gut microbiota, the definition of atopic outcomes, confounding and reverse causation. In conclusion, the microbiota hypothesis in atopic diseases is promising and deserves further attention. To gain more insight into the role of the gut microbiota in the etiology of atopy, large‐scale prospective birth cohort studies using molecular methods to study the gut microbiota are needed.

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“…Culture-based approaches have suggested that the development of the GI microbiome is a progressive event beginning at birth and continuing until infants are weaned, with particular organisms acquired in distinct phases [6]. More recent, culture-independent studies have demonstrated that rather than a progressive colonization, the first year of life is characterized by fluctuating diversity of the microbial assemblage until convergence, with weaning, towards a GI community that more resembles that of an adult [7], [8], [9], [10]. As with adult GI bacterial consortia, inter-personal differences in GI microbial communities are evident in infants, particularly in the rate and stability of communities colonizing neonates [10], [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first indication that a link existed between the GI microbiome and allergy was reported in the early 1980's in a study that described “dysbacteriosis” in infants with dermatological manifestations of food allergy, primarily due to low Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli in combination with high numbers of species from the Enterobacteriaceae family [7]. Since then several studies have examined specific bacterial species in GI samples and demonstrated that their abundance correlated with atopy and asthma development [14], [15], [16], [17], [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus casei Abundance Is Associated with Profound Shifts in the Infant Gut Microbiome

et al. 2010

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Colonization of the infant gut by microorganisms over the first year of life is crucial for development of a balanced immune response. Early alterations in the gastrointestinal microbiota of neonates has been linked with subsequent development of asthma and atopy in older children. Here we describe high-resolution culture-independent analysis of stool samples from 6-month old infants fed daily supplements of Lactobacillus casei subsp. Rhamnosus (LGG) or placebo in a double-blind, randomized Trial of Infant Probiotic Supplementation (TIPS). Bacterial community composition was examined using a high-density microarray, the 16S rRNA PhyloChip, and the microbial assemblages of infants with either high or low LGG abundance were compared. Communities with high abundance of LGG exhibited promotion of phylogenetically clustered taxa including a number of other known probiotic species, and were significantly more even in their distribution of community members. Ecologically, these aspects are characteristic of communities that are more resistant to perturbation and outgrowth of pathogens. PhyloChip analysis also permitted identification of taxa negatively correlated with LGG abundance that have previously been associated with atopy, as well as those positively correlated that may prove useful alternative targets for investigation as alternative probiotic species. From these findings we hypothesize that a key mechanism for the protective effect of LGG supplementation on subsequent development of allergic disease is through promotion of a stable, even, and functionally redundant infant gastrointestinal community.

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Microecology of the gastrointestinal tract and the immunological status under food allergy

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Diet-Induced Dysbiosis of the Intestinal Microbiota and the Effects on Immunity and Disease

Diet-Induced Dysbiosis of the Intestinal Microbiota and the Effects on Immunity and Disease

The role of the intestinal microbiota in the development of atopic disorders

Lactobacillus casei Abundance Is Associated with Profound Shifts in the Infant Gut Microbiome

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