Microelectronics-Based Biosensors Dedicated to the Detection of Neurotransmitters: A Review

Mirzaei, Maryam

doi:10.3390/s141017981

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Biosensors facilitate the study of memory, plasticity, and behavior or to monitor animal model conditions, the microelectrodes for fast‐scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) and electrophysiology to microdialysis probes for sampling and detecting various neurochemicals are generated (Castagnola et al, 2020). In addition, there are related electrochemical techniques (non‐biosensors) that have been useful in detecting, along with carbon fiber microelectrics, the release of transmitters such as DA (Mirzaei & Sawan, 2014). These methods offer excellent spatial resolution at a fast time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of neuroinflammation on the cerebral metabolism at baseline and after neural stimulation in neurodegenerative diseases

Cheataini

Ballout

Sagheer

2023

J of Neuroscience Research

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Neuroinflammation is a reaction of nervous tissue to an attack caused by an infection, a toxin, or a neurodegenerative disease. It involves brain metabolism adaptation in order to meet the increased energy needs of glial cell activation, but the nature of these adaptations is still unknown. Increasing interest concerning neuroinflammation leads to the identification of its role in neurodegenerative diseases. Few reports studied the effect of metabolic alteration on neuroinflammation. Metabolic damage initiates a pro-inflammatory response by microglial activation. Moreover, the exact neuroinflammation effect on cerebral cell metabolism remains unknown. In this study, we reviewed systematically the neuroinflammation effect in animal models' brains.All articles showing the relationship of neuroinflammation with brain metabolism, or with neuronal stimulation in neurodegenerative diseases were considered. Moreover, this review examines also the mitochondrial damage effect in neurodegeneration diseases. Then, different biosensors are classified regarding their importance in the determination of metabolite change. Finally, some therapeutic drugs inhibiting neuroinflammation are cited. Neuroinflammation increases lymphocyte infiltration and cytokines' overproduction, altering cellular energy homeostasis. This review demonstrates the importance of neuroinflammation as a mediator of disease progression.Further, the spread of depolarization effects pro-inflammatory genes expression and microglial activation, which contribute to the degeneration of neurons, paving the road to better management and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of neuroinflammation on the cerebral metabolism at baseline and after neural stimulation in neurodegenerative diseases

Cheataini

Ballout

Sagheer

2023

J of Neuroscience Research

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“…Numerous reviews discussed sensors and sensing systems in all these domains from the points of view of their component blocks and subsequent technology, with a focus on the aspects that allowed miniaturisation and wearability. Extensive and very recent reviews can be found in [58], [61], [62], [63], [64], [59] and [65]. However, the resultant amount of data was not discussed so far in the literature.…”

Section: B Sensors: What Can They Offer the Human Machine Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Theoretical and Practical Challenges of Trusted Autonomy in Big Data

Abbass¹,

Leu²,

Kasmarik³

2016

IEEE Access

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Despite the advances made in artificial intelligence, software agents, and robotics, there is little we see today that we can truly call a fully autonomous system. We conjecture that the main inhibitor for advancing autonomy is lack of trust. Trusted autonomy is the scientific and engineering field to establish the foundations and ground work for developing trusted autonomous systems (robotics and software agents) that can be used in our daily life, and can be integrated with humans seamlessly, naturally and efficiently.In this paper, we review this literature to reveal opportunities for researchers and practitioners to work on topics that can create a leap forward in advancing the field of trusted autonomy. We focus the paper on the 'trust' component as the uniting technology between humans and machines. Our inquiry into this topic revolves around three sub-topics: (1) reviewing and positioning the trust modelling literature for the purpose of trusted autonomy; (2) reviewing a critical subset of sensor technologies that allow a machine to sense human states; and (3) distilling some critical questions for advancing the field of trusted autonomy. The inquiry is augmented with conceptual models that we propose along the way by recompiling and reshaping the literature into forms that enable trusted autonomous systems to become a reality. The paper offers a vision for a Trusted Cyborg Swarm, an extension of our previous Cognitive Cyber Symbiosis concept, whereby humans and machines meld together in a harmonious, seamless, and coordinated manner.

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“…Enzyme field effect transistors (ENFETs) are electronic devices that integrate in the same chip a FET (field effect transistor) with a sensitive enzymatic membrane for biorecognition purposes [ 1 ]. ENFET fabrication is a complex interdisciplinary technology related to microelectronics [ 2 ], biochemistry [ 3 ], nanomaterials for biostructures, and biocompatibility [ 4 ]. On the other hand, metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) downscaled technology has just reached its ultimate stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized Technologies for Cointegration of MOS Transistor and Glucose Oxidase Enzyme on a Si-Wafer

et al. 2021

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The biosensors that work with field effect transistors as transducers and enzymes as bio-receptors are called ENFET devices. In the actual paper, a traditional MOS-FET transistor is cointegrated with a glucose oxidase enzyme, offering a glucose biosensor. The manufacturing process of the proposed ENFET is optimized in the second iteration. Above the MOS gate oxide, the enzymatic bioreceptor as the glucose oxidase is entrapped onto the nano-structured TiO2 compound. This paper proposes multiple details for cointegration between MOS devices with enzymatic biosensors. The Ti conversion into a nanostructured layer occurs by anodization. Two cross-linkers are experimentally studied for a better enzyme immobilization. The final part of the paper combines experimental data with analytical models and extracts the calibration curve of this ENFET transistor, prescribing at the same time a design methodology.

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Microelectronics-Based Biosensors Dedicated to the Detection of Neurotransmitters: A Review

Cited by 28 publications

References 110 publications

The effect of neuroinflammation on the cerebral metabolism at baseline and after neural stimulation in neurodegenerative diseases

The effect of neuroinflammation on the cerebral metabolism at baseline and after neural stimulation in neurodegenerative diseases

A Review of Theoretical and Practical Challenges of Trusted Autonomy in Big Data

Optimized Technologies for Cointegration of MOS Transistor and Glucose Oxidase Enzyme on a Si-Wafer

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