Microencapsulation Combination of Nigella sativa and Cosmos caudatus Kunth and In Vitro Protein Denaturation Inhibition Assay

Abstract

Microencapsulation is a method of coating the active ingredients to form microparticles that can be used as a drug delivery agent. This study aims to determine the effect of sodium tripolyphosphate (Na-TPP) concentration and the stirring time in microencapsulation process of extract combination of N. sativa and C. caudatus K., as well as the ability to inhibit protein denaturation. Microencapsulation was carried out with various concentrations (w/v) of Na-TPP 0.2%; 0.4% and 0.6% and stirring time of 60, 90, and 120 min. The optimum conditions of microencapsulation were obtained at 0.2% Na-TPP concentration and a stirring time of 90 min, with mean diameter particle sizes of 37.68 µm. Characterization using FTIR showed that microencapsulation was successfully conducted from the absorption of the P=O functional group at wavenumber 1200 cm-1 which was a typical absorption of Na-TPP compounds and the presence of CN absorption at wavenumber of 1352 cm-1 which is an absorption peak of chitosan. In addition, SEM showed the surface morphologies of the resulted microcapsules were mostly spherical shapes. From the protein denaturation inhibition assay, the IC50 values were resulted 491.67 µg/mL, 113.37 µg/mL, and 90.96 µg/mL, for microcapsules, extracts only, and sodium diclofenas as a reference, respectively.