Microenvironment and microbiology of skin wounds: the role of bacterial biofilms and related factors

Scalise, Alessandro; Bianchi, Alessandro; Tartaglione, Caterina; Bolletta, Elisa; Pierangeli, Marina; Torresetti, Matteo; Marazzi, Mario; Benedetto, Giovanni Di

doi:10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2016.01.003

Cited by 92 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Chronically infected wounds, such as venous or arterial ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers, pressure sores, and nonhealing surgical wounds delay wound healing, have a significant impact on the patients' quality of life, represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, and result in enormous healthcare expenditures [14,[22][23][24]. Wound infections are most often caused by biofilm-forming bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., etc., [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Biofilms are adherent communities of microorganisms that secrete a biochemical and physical matrix for protection, support, and survival; this matrix is a semipermeable barrier that limits diffusion of molecules that might otherwise gain access to planktonic microbes, such as quorum-sensing molecules and antibiotics.…”

Section: Skin Damage and Wound Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biofilms impact chronic wound healing by delaying the inflammatory and maturation phases [14]. Different microbes are present during the beginning of a wound infection at neutral pH and after the wound becomes chronic when the pH becomes more alkaline and anaerobes are more likely to be present; causative agents of infections also differ according to wound type [26,33].…”

Section: Skin Damage and Wound Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e Conventional Treatment for Wound Infections. Traditional therapy for infected wounds includes saline irrigation, debridement of necrotic tissues, and use of appropriate medications to reduce the microbial load such as local or systemic parenteral antibiotics and antiseptics [26]. However, an increasingly urgent problem is the resistance of microorganisms that commonly cause healthcare-associated infections to antimicrobial drugs [34].…”

Section: Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of Using Probiotics with Antagonistic Activity against Pathogens of Wound Infections: An Integrative Review of Literature

Fijan

Frauwallner²,

Langerholc

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

104

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e skin and its microbiota serve as physical barriers to prevent invasion of pathogens. Skin damage can be a consequence of illness, surgery, and burns. e most effective wound management strategy is to prevent infections, promote healing, and prevent excess scarring. It is well established that probiotics can aid in skin healing by stimulating the production of immune cells, and they also exhibit antagonistic effects against pathogens via competitive exclusion of pathogens. Our aim was to conduct a review of recent literature on the efficacy of using probiotics against pathogens that cause wound infections. In this integrative review, we searched through the literature published in the international following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus using the search terms "probiotic" AND "wound infection." During a comprehensive review and critique of the selected research, fourteen in vitro studies, 8 animal studies, and 19 clinical studies were found. Two of these in vitro studies also included animal studies, yielding a total of 39 articles for inclusion in the review. e most commonly used probiotics for all studies were well-known strains of the species Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. All in vitro studies showed successful inhibition of chosen skin or wound pathogens by the selected probiotics. Within the animal studies on mice, rats, and rabbits, probiotics showed strong opportunities for counteracting wound infections. Most clinical studies showed slight or statistically significant lower incidence of surgical site infections, foot ulcer infection, or burn infections for patients using probiotics. Several of these studies also indicated a statistically significant wound healing effect for the probiotic groups. is review indicates that exogenous and oral application of probiotics has shown reduction in wound infections, especially when used as an adjuvant to antibiotic therapy, and therefore the potential use of probiotics in this field remains worthy of further studies, perhaps focused more on typical skin inhabitants as next-generation probiotics with high potential.

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Section: Skin Damage and Wound Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Skin Damage and Wound Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of Using Probiotics with Antagonistic Activity against Pathogens of Wound Infections: An Integrative Review of Literature

Fijan

Frauwallner²,

Langerholc

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Given that biofilms are integral to the vast majority of these diseases (BROOK, 2016, DLUGASZEWSKA et al, 2015, SUBASHCHANDRABOSE and MOBLEY, 2015, DOU et al, 2016, SCALISE et al, 2015, HASSETT et al, 2014, SWORDS, 2012) knowledge of the key role of biofilms in pathobiology mandates the development of approaches for therapeutic disease resolution. The list of diseases wherein the ability to effectively disrupt bacterial biofilms would be beneficial is lengthy, and ideally this would involve eradication of both the microbes that induce its formation as well as the recalcitrant biofilm matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoclonal antibodies against DNA-binding tips of DNABII proteins disrupt biofilms in vitro and induce bacterial clearance in vivo

Novotny¹,

Jurcisek²,

Goodman³

et al. 2016

eBioMedicine

134

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The vast majority of chronic and recurrent bacterial diseases are attributed to the presence of a recalcitrant biofilm that contributes significantly to pathogenesis. As such, these diseases will require an innovative therapeutic approach. We targeted DNABII proteins, an integral component of extracellular DNA (eDNA) which is universally found as part of the pathogenic biofilm matrix to develop a biofilm disrupting therapeutic. We show that a cocktail of monoclonal antibodies directed against specific epitopes of a DNABII protein is highly effective to disrupt diverse biofilms in vitro as well as resolve experimental infection in vivo, in both a chinchilla and murine model. Combining this monoclonal antibody cocktail with a traditional antibiotic to kill bacteria newly released from the biofilm due to the action of the antibody cocktail was highly effective. Our results strongly support these monoclonal antibodies as attractive candidates for lead optimization as a therapeutic for resolution of bacterial biofilm diseases.

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“…The human skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) caused by microbial pathogens during or after trauma, burn injuries, and surgical procedures result in the production of pus, a white to yellow fluid comprised of dead WBCs, cellular debris, and necrotic tissues [1–3]. Both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria have been implicated in wound infections which commonly occur under hospital environment and result in significant morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, and huge economic burden [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Bacterial Isolates from Pus Samples in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Punjab, India

Trojan

Razdan

Singh

2016

International Journal of Microbiology

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We determined the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibilities patterns of bacterial isolates from pus samples collected from patients in a tertiary care hospital of Punjab, India. E. coli was the most prevalent pathogen (51.2%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (21%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.8%), Citrobacter spp. (3.5%), Acinetobacter baumannii (2.3%), Proteus mirabilis (2.3%), and Streptococcus spp. (2.3%). E. coli, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, and Citrobacter isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics including higher generation cephalosporins. S. aureus and Streptococcus isolates were sensitive to cloxacillin and vancomycin. However, P. aeruginosa, P. mirabilis, and Streptococcus isolates were found to be less resistant to the spectrum of antibiotics tested. Overall, our findings indicate the prevalence of resistance to different classes of antibiotics in bacterial isolates from pus infections and hence highlight the need for effective surveillance, regulator reporting, and antibiogram-guided antibiotic prescription.

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Microenvironment and microbiology of skin wounds: the role of bacterial biofilms and related factors

Cited by 92 publications

References 39 publications

Efficacy of Using Probiotics with Antagonistic Activity against Pathogens of Wound Infections: An Integrative Review of Literature

Efficacy of Using Probiotics with Antagonistic Activity against Pathogens of Wound Infections: An Integrative Review of Literature

Monoclonal antibodies against DNA-binding tips of DNABII proteins disrupt biofilms in vitro and induce bacterial clearance in vivo

Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Bacterial Isolates from Pus Samples in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Punjab, India

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