Microfluidic opportunities in printed electrolyte-gated transistor biosensors

Abstract

Printed electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs) are an emerging biosensor platform that leverage the facile fabrication engendered by printed electronics with the low voltage operation enabled by ion gel dielectrics. The resulting label-free, nonoptical sensors have high gain and provide sensing operations that can be challenging for conventional chemical field effect transistor architectures. After providing an overview of EGT device fabrication and operation, we highlight opportunities for microfluidic enhancement of EGT sensor performance via multiplexing, sample preconcentration, and improved transport to the sensor surface.

Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistor-Based Chemical and Biological Sensors

“…The biggest difference between the working principle of the electrolyte-gated FET and the conventional FET is that the gate electrode regulates the channel current through the electrolyte solution. The biggest advantage of electrolyte-gated FETs is the huge two-electron layer effect of the electrolyte [ 30 , 31 ], which enables the sensor to obtain the same current with a smaller gate voltage and usually can work at a rather low voltage (1V). This can avoid undesired electrochemical reactions, such as decomposition of water, damage to biological activity, etc.…”

A universal and facile approach for building multifunctional conjugated polymers for human-integrated electronics

“…Microwave polymerization was conducted using a Biotage Initiator+. NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker Avance III HD console spectrometer ( 1 H 400 MHz, 13 C 100 MHz) at 293 K. Chemical shifts are given in parts per million with respect to tetramethylsilane as an internal standard, and coupling constants (J) are given in hertz.…”

“…More recently, conjugated polymers have been demonstrated as the only class of electronic materials that can provide skin-like stretchability, [5][6][7][8][9] thereby rendering them prime candidates for human-integrated electronics for health monitoring, disease diagnosis, and medical treatments. [10][11][12][13] However, toward the realization of such applications of collecting and delivering various types of information from and to human bodies, there have been few designs for conjugated polymers to provide a number of emerging functions, which include, but are not limited to, biochemical sensing, chemotherapeutic properties, bio/immune compatibility, micropatternability, tissue/skin adhesion, and stimulus response. Currently, the absence of these functional properties poses the major obstacle to taking advantage of the unique properties of conjugated polymers to benefit the development of human-integrated electronics.…”

Thermoelectric effects at a Germanium-electrolyte interface: measuring 100 nK temperature oscillations at room temperature

“…measurements at the 10 to 100 nm scale [5]. Thermoelectric effects at the solid -liquid interface, more specifically, are relevant in a variety of different settings, from the technology of crystal growth [6] to devices such as electrolyte gated transistors [7,8]. Our experiment was originally concieved to study dissipative phenomena at the solid -liquid interface, so we set up to measure far infrared (IR) radiation emitted from that region.…”