Microfluidics: Recent Advances Toward Lab‐on‐Chip Applications in Bioanalysis

Abstract

Microfluidics is an emerging technology of flow and control of fluids in microscale volume that offers highly specialized solutions to rapid, sensitive, noninvasive analysis and measurements in various engineering applications. When combined with microelectromechanical systems (MEMSs), microfluidics technology has shown remarkable developments in small‐scale devices for biosensing, chemical solutions, and precise detection of particles at a higher rate. MEMS‐inspired microfluidics technology can contribute to the highly sensitive, recyclable, and portable sensing platforms for large‐scale integration devices. In this review, the history and developmental phases occurring in MEMS are detailed. Finally, this review is concluded with future scope and guidelines for enabling the various approaches to overcome the obstacles and the mass commercialization of microfluidic devices. Recent applications of microfluidics in biosensing are also highlighted where research should be focused in the future.

Strategies for targeted gene delivery using lipid nanoparticles and cell-derived nanovesicles

“…With the cost of chip fabrication greatly reduced, it is economically viable to utilize multiple microuidic nanovesicle assembler chips running simultaneously, to increase the yield in short timespans. 43,44 Furthermore, with the ability to customize, design, and fabricate the chips in shorter times, a more patient customized approach can be made to tailor the lipid nanovesicles according to the needs. Microuidic chips and analytical tools such as a laser spectrometer and laser diffraction particle size analyzer can be easily integrated to perform real-time quality control, thereby improving the nal product.…”

Nanotechnology-Based Diagnostics for Diseases Prevalent in Developing Countries: Current Advances in Point-of-Care Tests

“…Due to the range of applications in which they can be used, microfluidic systems can be thought of as a potential substitute for macroscale systems which are available in a typical bioscience and biomedical lab. Microfluidic diagnostic chips have special qualities that make them suitable for point-of-care applications, including modularity, mobility, low consumption of reagent and sample consumption, and high sensitivity [ 42 ].…”

Rapid on-site nucleic acid testing: On-chip sample preparation, amplification, and detection, and their integration into all-in-one systems

“…Since then, vast improvement has occurred in isothermal amplification methods, which calls for an update. Other recent reviews have focused on different issues concerning related topics, such as on-chip cell lysis ( Grigorov et al, 2021 ; Chen Y. et al, 2022 ; Petrou and Ladame, 2022 ), the role of magnetic beads in these steps ( Chen et al, 2020a ), on-chip PCR methods ( Chen S. et al, 2022 ), the contribution of 3D printing to on-chip amplification ( Tzivelekis et al, 2021 ) and detection methods for all-in-one systems ( Li et al, 2021 ), and microfluidic sensors ( Sharma and Sharma, 2022 ). Several other reviews have also focused on these steps without limiting their scope to on-chip methods; these have covered topics such as sample preparation ( Jeon et al, 2018 ; Danaeifar, 2022 ), isothermal amplification ( Obande and Singh, 2020 ; Pumford et al, 2020 ; Islam and Koirla, 2021 ; Maiti et al, 2022 ), and detection ( Chiorcea-Paquim and Oliveira-Brett, 2021 ; Leonardo et al, 2021 ; Reyes et al, 2021 ; Bhat et al, 2022 ).…”